1、ELECTRIC MACHINERY FUNDAMENTALS FIFTH EDITION Stephen J.Chapman-onnect Learn _-Succeed BA Systems Australia The McGraw-Hili CompanIes-onnect Learn.,Succeed-ELECfRIC MACHINERY FUNDAMENTALS,FIFTH EDlTlON Published by McGraw-Hill,a business unit of The McGraw-Hill Companies,Inc.,1221 Avenue of the Amer
2、icas,New York,NY 10020.Copyright 2012 by The McGraw-Hili Companies,Inc.All rights reserved.Previous edition 2005,1999,and 1991.No part of this publication may be repro-duced or distributed in any form or by any means,or stored in a database or retrieval system,without the prior written consent of Th
3、e McGraw-Hill Companies,Inc.,including,but not limited to,in any network or other electronic storage or transmission,or broadcast for distance learning.Some ancillaries,including electronic and print components,may not be available to customers outside the United States.This book is printed on acid-
4、free paper conLaining 10%postconsumer waste.1234567890DOOVOCI0987654321 ISBN 978-0-07-352954-7 MHlD 0-07-352954-0 Vice President&Editor-in-Chief:Marty Lange Vice President EOP/Central Publishing Services:Kimberly Meriwether David Global Publisher:Raghothamon Srinivasan Senior Sponsoring Editor:Peter
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6、 Limited Typeface:10/2 Times Roman Printer:R R DOllllelley All credits appearing on page or allhe end of the book are considered to be an extension of the copyrighl page.Library of Congress CataJoging-in-PubIication Data Chapman,Stephen 1.Electric machinery fundamentals 1 Stephen 1.Chapman.-5th ed.p
7、.cm.ISBN-13:978-0-07-352954-7(alk.paper)ISBN-IO:0-07-352954-0(alk.pap)1.Electric machinery.I.Title.TK2000.C462012 621.31 042-n AC Machines 639 The Pitch of a Coil/The Induced Voltage 0/a Fractional Pitch Coil I Hannonic Problems and FracriolJa/Pitch Windings B.2 Distributed Wmdings in AC Machines 64
8、8 The Breadth or Distribution Factor/The Generated Voltage Including Distribution Effects/Tooth or Slot Harmonics B.3 Summary 656 Questions 657 Problems 657 References 658(Appendix C Salient-Pole Theory of Synchronous Machines 659 C.l Development of the Equivalent Circuit of a Salient-Pole Synchrono
9、us Generator 660 C.2 Torque and Power Equations of a Salient-Pole Machines 666 Problems 667 Appendix D Tables of Coustants and Conversion Factors 669 r PREFACE In the years since the first edition of Electric Machinery Fundamentals was(published,there has been rapid advance in the development of lar
10、ger and more(sophisticated solid-state motor drive packages.The first edition of this book stated that de motors were the method of choice for demanding variable-speed applica-tions.That statement is no longer true today.Now,the system of choice for speed control applications is most often an ac ind
11、uction motor with a solid-state motor drive.DC motors have been largely relegated to special-purpose applications where a de power source is readily available,such as in automotive electrical systems.The third edition of the book was extensively restructured to reflect these changes.The material on
12、ac motors and generators is now covered in Chapters 3 through 6,before the material on dc machines.In addition,the dc machinery cov-erage was reduced compared to earlier editions.This edition continues with this same basic structure.In addition,the former Chapter 3 on solid-state electronics has bee
13、n deleted from the fifth edition.Feedback from users has indicated that that material was too detailed for a quick overview,and not detailed enough for a solid-state electronics course.Since very few instructors were using this material,it has been removed from this edition and added as a supplement
14、 on the books website.Any instruc-tor or student wishing to continue using the material in this chapter can freely download it.Learning objectives have been added to the beginning of each chapter to enhance student leaming.Chapter 1 provides an introduction to basic machinery concepts,and con-cludes
15、 by applying those concepts to a linear dc machine,which is the simplest possible example of a machine.Chapter 2 covers transformers.which are not ro-tating machines,but which share many similar analysis techniques.After Chapter 2,an instructor may choose to teach either dc or ac machin-ery first.Ch
16、apters 3 through 6 cover ac machinery,and Chapters 7 and 8 cover de machinery.These chapter sequences have been made completely independent of xxii PREFACE each other,so that an instructor can cover the material in the order which best suits his or her needs.For example,a one-semester course with a
17、primary concentration in ac machinery might consist of parts of Chapters 1,2,3,4,5,and 6,with any remaining time devoted to dc machinery.A one-semester course with a primary concentration in de machinery might consist of parts of Chapters 1,2,7,and 8,with any remaining time devoted to ac machinery.C
18、hapter 9 is devoted to single-phase and special-purpose motors,such as universal motors,stepper motors,brushless de motors,and shaded-pole motors.The homework problems and the ends of chapters have been revised and corrected,and more than 70%of the problems are either new or modified since the last
19、edition.In recent years,there have been major changes in the methods used to teach machinery to electrical engineering and electrical technology students.Excellent analytical tools such as MATLAB have become widely available in university engineering curricula.These tools make very complex calculati
20、ons simple to perform,and they allow students to explore the behavior of problems interactively.This edition of Electric Machinery Fundamentals makes selected use of MATLAB to enhance a students learning experience where appropriate.For example,students use MATLAB in Chapter 6 to calculate the torqu
21、e-speed characteristics of induction motors,and to explore the properties of double-cage induction motors.This text does not teach MATLAB;it assumes that the student is familiar with it through previous work.Also,the book does not depend on a student hav-ing MATLAB.MATLAB provides an enhancement to
22、the learning experience if it is available,but if it is not,the examples involving MATLAB can simply be skipped,and the remainder of the text still makes sense.This book would never have been possible without the help of dozens of people over the past 25 years.It is gratifying for me to see the book
23、 still popular after all that time,and much of that is due to the excellent feedback provided by reviewers.For this edition,I would especially like to thank:Ashoka K.S.Bhat University o/Victoria William B utuk Lakehead University Shaahin Filizadeh University of Manitoba Jesus Fraile-Ardanuy Ullivers
24、idad Politecnica de Madrid Riadh Habash University of Ottawa Floyd Henderson Michigan Technological University MATLAB is a registered trademark of The MathWorks,Inc.The MathWorks,Inc.,3 Apple Hill Drive,Natick,MA 01760-2098 USA Email:;(Rajesh Kavasser;North Dakota Stare University Ali Keyhani The Oh
25、io State University Andrew Knight University of Alberta Xiaomin Kou Uni ve rsity of Wisconsin-Platteville Ahmad Nafisi California Polytechnic State University,San Luis Obispo Subhasis Nandi University of Victoria PREFACE xxiii M.Hashem Nehr;r Montana Stale University-Bozeman Ali Shaban California Po
26、lytechnic State University,San Luis Obispo Kuang Sheng Rutgers University Barna Szabados McMaster University Tristan J.Tayag Texas Christian University Rajiv K.Varma The University ofWeslern Omario Stephen J.Chapman Melbourne,Victoria,Australia xxiv ELECTRIC MACHINERY FUNDAMENTALS MCGRAW-HILL DIGITA
27、L OFFERINGS INCLUDE:Supplemental materials supporting the book are available from the books website at materials available at that address include MATLAB source code,the supplement Introduction to Power Electronics,pointers to sites of interest to machinery students,a list of enata in the text,some
28、supplemental topics which are not covered in the main text,and supplemental MATLAB tools.McGraw-Hili Higher Education and Blackboard have teamed up.Blackboard,the web-based course management system,has partnered with McGraw-Hili to better allow students and faculty to use online materials and ac-tiv
29、ities to complement face-ta-face teaching.Blackboard features exciting social learning and teaching tools that foster more logical,visually impactful and active learning opportunities for students.Youll transform your closed-door classrooms into communities where students remain connected to their e
30、ducational experi-ence 24 hours a day.lIitiml.,.I Bt;ckboard Do More McGraw-Hill and Blackboard can now offer you easy access to industry leading technology and con-tent,whether your campus hosts it,or we do.Be sure to ask your local McGraw-Hill representative for details.Professors can benefit from
31、 McGraw-Hilis Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System(COSMOS).COSMOS enables instructors to gen-erate a limitless supply of problem material for assignment,as well as transfer and integrate their own problems into the software.Contact your McGraw-Hill sales representative for additional
32、 information.(,CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION TO MACHINERY PRINCIPLES OBJECTIVES Learn the basics of rotational mechanics:angular velocity,angular accelera-tion,torque,and Newtons law for rotation.Learn how to produce a magnetic field.Understand magnetic circuits.Understand the behavior of ferromagnetic mat
33、erials.Understand hysteresis in ferromagnetic materials.Understand Faradays law.Understand how to produce an induced force on a wire.Understand how to produce an induced voltage across a wire.Understand the operation of a simple linear machine.Be able to work with real,reactive,and apparent powers.1.1 ELECTRICALMACIDNES,TRANSFORMERS,AND DAILY LIFE An electrical machine is a device that can convert
