1、Answers to listening practicesExercise One:Section 1. Compound DictationAfter years and months of waiting, London has finally (1)hosted its third (2)Olympics opening (3)ceremony. So for the tens of thousands in the audience and on stage, did it live up to the hype? Well, as they fell out of the (4)s
2、tadium, the majority of people seem to think Danny Boyle and the thousands of engineers, volunteers and performers (5)responsible pulled it out of the back.My favorite bee was when the Queen fell out of the (6)helicopter, but missed in the stadium, that was amazing, that was (7)amazing.Lovely, (8)re
3、markable, I cried a lot.Absolutely, I think theyve done a really good job, I know theyve been preparing for it.Excellent,My favorite part, Muhammad Ali, gets to see Muhammad Ali.So (9)what was it like for those lucky enough not just to be in the audience, but to be on stage? (Please pause here for 4
4、0- 50) Just as exciting, says performer Annie Webster.Everyone was getting very excited, everyone was cheering, we were singing along so (10)we could hear the whole thing going on in our ears, (Please pause here for 40- 50) we were counting along as we run, singing 2000,it was amazing, I loved it, y
5、eah, I did love it, you could hear that I loved it.And now (11)a chance to rest for most of those involved and well deserved, (Please pause here for 40- 50) it was half past midnight before the caldron was finally lit.Section 2. Note-takingIm going to describe a memory technique called the journey m
6、ethod. It combines the link system and peg methods in a way that makes a very powerful tool for remembering long lists or quite complex information.The key to the journey method is to think of a route that you know very well. It could be your route to work, or to a relatives house. Then you need to
7、think of the important places, the landmarks along this route. Examples of landmarks are doors, traffic lights, buildings you pass on the journey, etc. At this stage its a good idea to write the landmarks down on a piece of paper in the order they occur on the route. This makes sure that you have th
8、e route and landmarks very clear in your head. Now you are ready to remember your first list.Well start with a simple example. You are using your route to the supermarket as the journey, and you have to remember a shopping list. The first three items on your list are coffee, milk and tomatoes. The f
9、irst three landmarks on your journey are the front door, your garden and your car. You visualise hurriedly drinking a cup of coffee as you open the front door. You go outside and see it has been raining milk, and there is a big puddle of milk in your garden. Then you get to your car, and the roof is
10、 covered with tomatoes. You continue this way, making each image as memorable as possible.Once you have mastered this method, you will find that it is a very flexible memory tool. You can have several different journeys, which can be used in either direction. You can also add events and landmarks to
11、 a route to accommodate longer lists of information, and for short lists you can just use part of a route.Section 3. Short Answer QuestionsKeys:1. less than four years ago2. it would no longer publish a print edition3. a survey about the use of e-books by library patrons4. free e-book check-outs at
12、the library will hurt sales5. six months after its releasedSection 4. Listening & Translating1. The worldwide Grammy telecast began with a prayer for Whitney Houston, who died suddenly in her hotel room as she prepared to entertain at a pre-Grammy gala Saturday. The rap singer, LL Cool J, who hosted
13、 the award show. “Weve had a death in our family. And, so at least for me, the only thing that feels right is to begin with a prayer for a woman we loved, for our fallen sister, Whitney Houston.”这场向全世界转播的音乐圣典以为惠特尼.休斯顿的祷告拉开帷幕，休斯顿原本计划星期六在格莱美前夜晚会上表演，但意外辞世。说唱歌手LL Cool J主持了今年的格莱美颁奖典礼。LL Cool J说：“我们的家庭里少了
14、一人，所以，至少我觉得，我们现在最应该做的是为这位我们深爱的女士、我们陨落的姐妹休斯顿祷告。”2. In its latest spending and savings tracker American Express questioned 2,000 adults across the United States to gauge how much and on what consumers will be spending their money on Cupids big day. Nearly half of people said they intend to celebrate a
15、t a favorite restaurant, seven percent more than last year. Flowers are still the most popular gift for a Valentine, followed by gift cards, jewelry and electronics.近一半的人称他们打算去最喜爱的餐馆庆祝，该比例相对去年上升了7%。鲜花依然是情人节最受欢迎的礼物，其次是贺卡、珠宝和电子产品。3. The Buffet Rule gained attraction after billionaire investor Warrant
16、Buffet compared his income tax rate of 17% with his secretarys rate of 29%. “I think that people at the high end, people like myself should be paying a lot more in taxes. “ President Obama agrees and proposes that anyone making more than $ 1 million a year pays at least 30% to the federal government
17、. “The time for action is now.” 在亿万富翁投资者 Warrant Buffet 将他的所得税率 17% 与他的秘书所得税率 29% 进行比较之后， Buffet 规则得到了关注。 Buffet 说：“我认为那些高端收入的人，包括我自己应该支付更高的税收。”奥巴马总统也赞同这一观点，他提议每一个年收入超过 1 百万美元的人必须向联邦政府交纳至少 30% 的税收。他说：“事不宜迟，现在就要开始。”4. While preschool programs are common in the United States and other developed countr
18、ies, Simpson said theyre rare in African nations. “Often young children between zero and 3 years old, the health systems are keeping track of them and theyre doing vaccinations and things like that. And then, when they turn about 5 or 6, they enter into the school systems and the ministries of educa
19、tion take them over. But these in-between years, theyre not being cared for by the health ministries and theyre not yet being looked after by the education ministries in many cases.”通常年龄从0到3岁的儿童，卫生系统一直在关注着他们的健康，他们会接受疫苗接种等。随后，当他们到了5到6岁的时候，他们开始进入学校系统，教育部门开始接管他们。但是在这期间的几年，在很多情况下，他们既没有得到卫生系统的照顾，也没有受到教育系
20、统的关注。5. Offering the best chocolate from around the world is what Frances and Ginger Park had in mind when they opened the first independent chocolate shop in the nations capital 28 years ago. “We grew up on some very fine chocolate because our dad worked for the World Bank and would bring back Euro
21、pean chocolate in suitcases when we were very young.” When their father died in his mid-50s, the sisters grew closer and decided to go into business together. “But we did not know what we were doing and we definitely ate more chocolate than we sold that first year. But we learned one thing we did wa
22、s we sort of over time created family with our customers.”当他们的父亲死后，这对姐妹互相扶持长大,最终决定一起经营。“但是头一年我们不知道自己在做什么，而且我们吃的巧克力比我们卖的还多，但是我们学到了一件事，那就是为我们的客户创造家庭般的温暖。”Exercise Two:Section 1. Compound DictationAnd now forthelast look. Those of you who watched our recent Education Special saw the (1)exhausting study
23、 habits of South Korean students. The (2)accumulation of that pressure was last week when almost 700 000 South Korean high school students took the test they had spent all those hours working toward.It was a wild scene outside test centers as younger kids cheered on the (3)heroic test-takers as they
24、 arrived. Police motorcycles even whisked the late ones to school. But when it came time for the high schoolers to begin the grueling nine-hour exam, silence was the order. Planes were grounded, honking was (4)banned. And teachers (5)refrained from wearing squeaky shoes for fear of (6)distracting th
25、e students. Relatives (7)prayed outside the school gates for good results.Why all the (8)fuss？Well, its widely believed in South Korea that (9)this test determines which college a student will go to, (Please pause here for 40- 50) (10)which company they will then work at, the size of their eventual
26、paycheck, (Please pause here for 40- 50) and even (11)whom theyll marry. Thats pretty intense pressure. (Please pause here for 40- 50)Section 2. Note-takingBefore the 1850s, the United States had a number of small colleges, most of them dating from colonial days. They were small, church connected in
27、stitutions whose primary concern was to shape the moral character of their students. Throughout Europe, institutions of higher learning had developed, bearing the ancient name of university. In German university was concerned primarily with creating and spreading knowledge, not morals. Between mid-c
28、entury and the end of the 1800s, more than nine thousand young Americans, dissatisfied with their training at home, went to Germany for advanced study. Some of them return to become presidents of venerable colleges-Harvard, Yale, Columbia-and transform them into modern universities. The new presiden
29、ts broke all ties with the churches and brought in a new kind of faculty. Professors were hired for their knowledge of a subject, not because they were of the proper faith and had a strong arm for disciplining students. The new principle was that a university was to create knowledge as well as pass
30、it on, and this called for a faculty composed of teacher-scholars. Drilling and learning by rote were replaced by the German method of lecturing, in which the professors own research was presented in class. Graduate training leading to the Ph.D., an ancient German degree signifying the highest level
31、 of advanced scholarly attainment, was introduced. With the establishment of the seminar system, graduate student learned to question, analyze, and conduct their own research. At the same time, the new university greatly expanded in size and course offerings, breaking completely out of the old, cons
32、tricted curriculum of mathematics, classics, rhetoric, and music. The president of Harvard pioneered the elective system, by which students were able to choose their own course of study. The notion of major fields of study emerged. The new goal was to make the university relevant to the real pursuits of the world. Paying close heed to the practical needs of society, the new universities trained men and women to work at its tasks, with engineering students being the most characteristic of the new regime. Students were also train
