1、自然拼读法规则与材料Phonics，即字母拼读法（又译自然拼音）是自然形成的一种发音规则，它主要教授英文字母（letter）与语音（sound）间的对应关系，是美国、加拿大本土孩子的必修课程。在初级英语中70%的单词在拼读时都是有规律可循的。一旦掌握了这种发音规则就不必去翻查字典而能够顺利地将单词读出。一旦孩子们学习了这种不用音标的发音规律可以很快学会拼读不认识的单词，提前进入阅读领域，使英语学习变得简单、快乐、有趣。为什么要学 Phonics？Phonics教学在美国至少已经有百年以上的历史了。适当的Phonics教学，一直被认为是最有效、最直接教授母语阅读的方法。美国学者Adams（199
2、0）在PhonicsInstruction for the Nineties 里指出，出现在初级阅读材料中的词汇，其语音与字母间的对应关系相当稳定。孩子通常能从出现频率最高的37个音组中，拼出大约500个最常使用的词汇。国际音标 与Phonics的区别？国际音标如同中文的拼音系统，是另外形成的辅助系统，是为母语不是英语的学习者所服务的。整个系统完整但规则相对抽象，对非母语系学习者确实相当有帮助。但学习一套全新的符号及其发音规则，对小学高年级或初中生都不是很容易。Phonics 属于英语拼字系统的内在机制，经过百多年来的发展与完善，已是美国孩子的必学课程。Phonics 更注重英文字母与其发音的
3、对应关系，可以迅速提升英语阅读能力。对于英语为母语的学习者，因为有口语优势，在发现字母与发音的对应关系后，只要能把字的音念出来，就很容易联想到该字的意思，能直接认字或拼字。而中国孩子虽然没有母语背景、但Phonics 对于帮助认字、拼字、提高阅读能力，及从小教授正确英语发音方面仍然具有巨大的积极意义。总的来说，这两者对中国学习者都是不可或缺的，只是适合学习的年龄段有所不同而已。只掌握音标，会造成现在很多中国孩子都有的碰到生词就无法开口的现象。要知道除了字典，很少有国外书籍或绘本、读本会标注音标哦，无法发音就会严重破坏阅读的流畅性，进而影响到孩子的学习兴趣。而只掌握Phonics，会让孩子发现随
4、着学习深入到脱离初级英语范围后，越来越多的单词无法直接用Phonics拼出，发生与不少欧美人士一样的阅读困难现象。英语发展千百年来，不断吸收各语种词汇，而中国孩子缺乏口语环境，发生读音差错不足为奇。若能引入易学实用的Phonics，然后再系统学习国际音标，将使孩子受用终身！英语自然拼读学习的六阶成功法第一阶：建立字母与字母自然发音之间的直接联系。第二阶：能够成功拼读元音+辅音（辅音+元音）。如：c-a ca a-t at第三阶：能够成功拼读辅音+元音+辅音。如d-o-g dog第四阶：能够成功拼读双音节或多音节单词。如sw-ea-t-er sweater第五阶：能够听音辨字，即听到单词读音就能
5、拼出该单词。第六阶：单词量大量扩充，能够阅读英语文章。1. 自然拼读法的第一步是掌握二十六个字母的读音 (Letter Sounds). 其中五个元音字母(a, e, i, o, u)发两种音。2. 第二步是进行单元音字母的拼读练习，如： Sam, cat, mat, 等等3. 第三步, 是固定读音的单词 : the, a, is, to, have 等.4. 第四步，是一个单词里有两个元音时，前边一个元音发字母音，后边一个元音不发音，如： make, made, sea, five, nine, road等等5. 第五步, 是双/三辅音在一起时怎么联读, 如: bl(ack), str(ee
6、t)等；有一些辅音不发音，如： ghost,comb, lamb等；要掌握一下与h联在一起的发音： ch, sh, th, wh。6. 第六步，是特殊读法：单音节词，以元音结尾， 这个元音发字母音 如： me, hi, go 等等Irregular: ar (car), ay(hay, may, say), igh (high, night, might), ew (new), er (sister, brother), ur(burn, hurt), ir (girl, fir, firm), or (horn), eigh (eight), oi (oil, boil), oy(boy),
7、 ow等有其特别的发音c 与 k 在一起时，发一个音: quick, black等. 自然拼音拼读练习表第一天：a e i o u a_e e_e i_e o_e u_eAa : mat map bag cat hat fan bat appleEe:egg well red pen net hen bed bellIi: lick six bib pig pin kiss ink hillOo:ox on octopus box sock operate ostrichUu:sun umbrella cup bus nut gun uncle undercape name tape lake
8、 game make take hatethese Japanese Chinesebite five nine kite mine nice ride siderose nose rope note pose home rode thosetube cube June cute huge第二天:ai ay ee ea ey ie ighoa ow ui ueai: tail rain paint pain jail rail nailmaiday:bay ray way say hay pay May layee:reeds eel bee peel jeep feet see teethe
9、a:sea meat peanut eagle peach tea leaf peaey:donkey monkey jockey turkey monkeyhockey key trolleyie:tie pie lie dieigh:right sight night tight hight fighthigh sighoa:road toast toad coal goat boat coat soapow:rainbow pillow yellow window bowl rowhollow lowui:suit juice fruitue:Sue blue glue true第三天:
10、ar er ir ur orar: arm car armchair card cart farm parkgardener:sister brother under rooster wintermermaid marker motherir:birthday circus dirty bird circle dirtgirlur:turtle surfing turkey fur hurt pursenurseor:porch pork horse horn fort morning cornfork第四天:ou ow oi oy au aw oo oo eaou:house out mou
11、th count fountain mountainshout mouseow:cow towel clown owl crown brown flowertoweroi:coin oil point noise boil soil poisoncoiloy:oyster boy cowboy soy toyau:august sause sausage naughty autumnapplauseaw:paw draw saw straw strawberry lawnoo:moon zoo roof rooster boots food spoonroom cool fool boom f
12、oolishoo:book cook good foot look hookea:head sweater sweat pear lead bearleather feather第五天:ch sh wh ph th th kn wrmbch:beach lunch cheese bench church chickenchair cherrysh:sheep shirt ship fish dish push shoesshovelwh:whale white wheel wheat whip whistlewheelchair whisperph:photo elephant telepho
13、ne trophy pharmacyalphabetth:brother feather leather father motherth:thumb three bathmat thirsty thief bathmouth teethkn:knob knee knife knock knitwr:wrist wrinkle wrap wreath writemb:thumb lamb bomb comb crumb numb第六天:bl fl pl cl gl br cr gr pr fr tr drbl:blue black blouse bloom bleach blanket blon
14、dehairfl: flat flu fly flame flute floor flagflowerpl:plane play plus planet platform plumplate plantcl:clock cloud clean clay climb close clapclowngl:glove globe glass glue glasses gliderbr:bright brook brim bride brown breadbrick brothercr:crown crab cream crow crayon crocodilecry croissantgr:gray
15、 green grass grapes ground growgrandmapr:prixe price prawn press prince princessprayfr:frog frost Friday French fries fruitfront friend frametr:tractor truck train tray tree triangletrunk trolleydr:dream drum dry drop draw drive dressdrink第七天:sm sn sl sw sp st sc sk all ew ysm:smile small smell smok
16、e smoothsn:snowman snow snore snake snail sneakerssneakers snacksl:slow slap sleep slide slope sledsw:switch swallow swan swim sweet swingsweater sweatsp:spider spaceship spinach spoon spellst:stockings store star stamp storm stickstudent standsc:scarf scooter scanner scarecrow scalescorpion scoopsk
17、:skunk skis skirt skatesall:call tall fall ball wallew:dew few view hew new nephew newspaperYy: sky fly dry spy type shy cry my Yy :Miny sunny puppy dizzy dirty pony happybaby自然拼音强化练习：Tongue twister1.A big black bear sat on a big black bug.2.A big black bug bit a big black dog onhis big black nose!3
18、.Cat, Cat, catch that fat rat.4.A fat cat catches a mad rat.5.Blue glue gun, green glue gun.6.Black background, brown background.7.A noisy noise annoys an oyster.8.A good cook can cook good cookies.9.At noon I took a good book，andsat by the pool in the wood.I soon took off my boot.And put my foot in
19、 thepool.Oh! How cool, how cool.10.The hunter and his huge horse hidebehind in house.11. Betty better butter Brads bread.12.Two tiny tigers take two taxis to town.13.The first is the first.The third is thethird.The third can be the first, The first can be the third.14.Sir, this girl wearing a dirty
20、skirt isnot the first, but the third.15.A flea and a fly flew up in a flue. Saidthe flea, Let us fly! Said the fly, Let us flee! Sothey flew through a flaw in the flue.16. I wish you were a fish in my dish.17.Jeans three sheep are near the greenjeep.18.There are thirty -three thousand threehundred a
21、nd thirty-three feathers on that birds throat.19.Neither father nor mother likes this weather.20.Its a goat,sitting in a boat,wearing acoat and writing a note.Its a bear,sitting on a chair,holding a pear andcombing its hair.Its a cock,sitting on a rock,wearing a sock and looking at aclock.Its a fly,
22、wearing a tie,holding a pie and waving good bye.第一天：a e i o u a_e e_e i_e o_e u_eAa : mat map bag cat hat fan bat appleEe:egg well red pen net hen bed bellIi: lick six bib pig pin kiss ink hillOo:ox on octopus box sock operate ostrichUu:sun umbrella cup bus nut gun uncle undercape name tape lake gam
23、e make take hatethese Japanese Chinesebite five nine kite mine nice ride siderose nose rope note pose home rode thosetube cube June cute huge第二天:ai ay ee ea ey ie igh oa ow ui ueai: tail rain paint pain jail rail nail maiday:bay ray way say hay pay May layee:reeds eel bee peel jeep feet see teethea:
24、sea meat peanut eagle peach tea leaf peaey:donkey monkey jockey turkey monkey hockey key trolleyie:tie pie lie dieigh:right sight night tight hight fight high sighoa:road toast toad coal goat boat coat soapow:rainbow pillow yellow window bowl row hollow lowui:suit juice fruitue:Sue blue glue true第三天
25、:ar er ir ur orar: arm car armchair card cart farm park gardener:sister brother under rooster winter mermaid marker motherir:birthday circus dirty bird circle dirt girlur:turtle surfing turkey fur hurt purse nurseor:porch pork horse horn fort morning corn fork第四天:ou ow oi oy au aw oo oo eaou:house o
26、ut mouth count fountain mountain shout mouseow:cow towel clown owl crown brown flower toweroi:coin oil point noise boil soil poison coiloy:oyster boy cowboy soy toyau:august sause sausage naughty autumn applauseaw:paw draw saw straw strawberry lawnoo:moon zoo roof rooster boots food spoon room cool
27、fool boom foolishoo:book cook good foot look hookea:head sweater sweat pear lead bear leather feather第五天:ch sh wh ph th th kn wr mbch:beach lunch cheese bench church chicken chair cherrysh:sheep shirt ship fish dish push shoes shovelwh:whale white wheel wheat whip whistle wheelchair whisperph:photo
28、elephant telephone trophy pharmacy alphabetth:brother feather leather father motherth:thumb three bathmat thirsty thief bath mouth teethkn:knob knee knife knock knitwr:wrist wrinkle wrap wreath writemb:thumb lamb bomb comb crumb numb第六天:bl fl pl cl gl br cr gr pr fr tr drbl:blue black blouse bloom b
29、leach blanket blonde hairfl: flat flu fly flame flute floor flag flowerpl:plane play plus planet platform plum plate plantcl:clock cloud clean clay climb close clap clowngl:glove globe glass glue glasses gliderbr:bright brook brim bride brown bread brick brothercr:crown crab cream crow crayon crocod
30、ile cry croissantgr:gray green grass grapes ground grow grandmapr:prixe price prawn press prince princess prayfr:frog frost Friday French fries fruit front friend frametr:tractor truck train tray tree triangle trunk trolleydr:dream drum dry drop draw drive dress drink第七天:sm sn sl sw sp st sc sk all
31、ew ysm:smile small smell smoke smoothsn:snowman snow snore snake snail sneakers sneakers snacksl:slow slap sleep slide slope sledsw:switch swallow swan swim sweet swing sweater sweatsp:spider spaceship spinach spoon spellst:stockings store star stamp storm stick student standsc:scarf scooter scanner
32、 scarecrow scale scorpion scoopsk:skunk skis skirt skatesall:call tall fall ball wallew:dew few view hew new nephew newspaperYy: sky fly dry spy type shy cry my Yy :Miny sunny puppy dizzy dirty pony happy baby我家dad，脾气bad，让我sad。有只cat，非常fat， 专吃rat。放下plate，赶到gate，已经late。清晨wake，来到lake，钓上snake。撇下net，鱼没get，衣服wet。为捉pest，从不rest，本领best。一只pig，非常big，把洞dig。没给tip，把我lip，装上 zip。一只kite，颜色white，被狗bite。学会ride，妈妈pride。清晨jog，带上dog，踩到frog。轻轻hop，跳上top， 唱起pop。
