1、Diffrences between Chinese Writing and Westen Writing1. Rooted in different thought pattern. Chinese: circular Westen: linear2. Objectivity Chinese :personal, tell the readers his feelings from the inside of the event or issue Western: objective, Dont tell me how you feel; tell me what happened. I l
2、l decide how I feel. write from the outside of the event. Chinese writer is more likely to use more descriptive terms and words showing a greater degree of emotion than the westerns. eg: As a frend you should point out mistakes to your friend. Its like fresh air injected into your friendship. It can
3、 help to keep the frendship tree green and luxuriant forever. (sentimental)3. Westerners emphasize creativity and individualism. Chinese value models and imitation, which is a serious problem that copyright laws prevent.4.Chinese are more militant(you should, we must, absolutely.) in their language,
4、 and imperative is more common. Westeners would state his point and let the facts speak for themselves. Therefore, persuasion is often used.Unit One Word (Diction)I. Levels of words.Formal common colloquial (informal)1.Formal: also learned ,literarya) three or more than three syllablesb)Greek or Lat
5、in origin c)Used in formal writing: scholary theoretical words political and legal documentsFormal lectures address (read paragraph 1) 2.Common: widely used, in all kinds of writing3.Colloquial: also informala)one or two syllablesb)Saxon originc)mainly used in dialogs, to express peoples thoughts1)s
6、langs (used sparingly)non-standard words (not used)example: Informal Formal Informal Formalhouse mansion do performclass category hide concealkind species act functionquit resign help assistend terminate leave departWe should use right levels of words in different situations Examples of not suitable
7、 sentences: (1) On hearing that his father had kicked the bucket, we wrote him a letter to express our sympathies. (2) I am desirous of exploring your feeling on the lecture. (This sentence is copied from a book, but it is used in wrong situation (not suitable for oral words) .It may be changed into
8、: Id like to hear your views on the lecture. or May I have your views on the lecture?3. How to choose proper words in common writing:(1)avoid colloquial words or phraseseg: Im awfully sorry. He got to hurry -He has to hurry Shut up!(2)be careful while using slangs:eg: real cool(好极了) cut class(逃学) bo
9、oker(书呆子) (3)avoid obsolete idioms or phraseseg: as poor as a church mouse rain cats and dogs(4) avoid scholary, theoretical wordseg: implementcarry out expeditehurry up finalizefinishExercises 1: Rewrite the following sentences with common words:1. There will be a repeat of his lecture next week.2.
10、 The manager hoped to get an interview with that worker.3.We cannot mandate a solution to inflation.(find a solution by giving an authoritative order)4.You should think about alternatives for the future,5.They will not think the worst of you for lack of experience.6.The price of meat has been declin
11、ing alarmingly.(going down steeply)7.Penalties for overdue books will be strictly enforced.(You have got to pay fines for overdue books.)8. The children aggravated (annoyed) me so much that I figure I got kind of mad.Exercise 2: Which one is more formal?(the second one)1.Bill speaks French more flue
12、ntly than me. Bill speaks French more fluently than I.2.I cant put up with your bad manners. I cant tolerate your bad manners.3.He spoke confidently.He spoke with confidence.4.If the weather is fine , we ll go for an outing .Weather permitting, we ll go for an outing .Exercise 3: Which one is colloq
13、uial ? 1 . I d like to pick up a little extra cash this coming cumber so my dad wont have to foot the whole bill for putting me through college.2. Next summer should like to earn some money to reduce the expense to my father in sending me to college.II. Synonyms A word has two aspects in its meaning
14、: denotative and connotative. Many words have the same denotation when translated in Chinese, but have different commutations. (example: country, nation, state)we call them synonyms.(One thing to be on guard against: Chinese students like to find a Chinese equivalent of an English word in a dictiona
15、ry. However, no exact ,esp for synonyms. There is few absolute synonyms ,such as “word-formation & word-buiding; fricative & spirant)Synonyms different from one another mainly in four ways:1.register 语域，使用范围hugelargebig (formal and informal ; less and more emphatic)eg: They agreed to (informal) the plan for the development of the inner city
