1、On the station, the ordinary becomes strange. The exercise bike for the American astronauts has no handlebars. It also has no seat. With no gravity, its just as easy to pedal violently. You can watch a movie while you pedal by floating a microcomputer anywhere you want. But station residents have to
2、 be careful about staying in one place too long. Without gravity to help circulate air, the carbon dioxide you exhale （呼气） has a tendency to form an invisible （隐形的）cloud around you head. You can end up with what astronauts call a carbon-dioxide headache.Leroy Chiao, 54, an American retired astronaut
3、 after four flights, describes what happens even before you float out of your seat,”Your inner ear thinks yourre falling . Meanwhile your eyes are telling you youre standing straight. That can be annoyingthats why some people feel sick.” Within a couple days truly terrible days for some astronauts b
4、rains learn to ignore the panicky signals from the inner ear, and space sickness disappears.Space travel can be so delightful but at the same time invisibly dangerous. For instance, astronauts lose bone mass. Thats why exercise is considered so vital that National Aeronautics and Space Administratio
5、n （NASA） puts it right on the workday schedule. The focus on fitness is as much about science and the future as it is about keeping any individual astronauts return home, and, more importantly, how to maintain strength and fitness for the two and a half years or more that it would take to make a rou
6、nd-trip to Mars.63.What is the major challenge to astronauts when they sleep in space?A. Deciding on a proper sleep positionB. Choosing a comfortable sleeping bagC. Seeking a way to fall asleep quicklyD. Finding a right time to go to sleep.64.The astronauts will suffer from a carbon-dioxide headache
7、 when _.A. the y circle around on their bikesB. they use microcomputers without a stopC. they exercise in one place for a long timeD. they watch a movie while pedaling65.Some astronauts feel sick on the station during the first few days because _.A. their senses stop workingB. they have to stand up
8、straightC. they float out of their seats unexpectedlyD. whether they are able to go back to the station66.One of the NASAs major concerns about astronauts is _.A. how much exercise they do on the stationB. how they can remain healthy for long in spaceC. whether they can recover after returning home【
9、解析】试题分析：这是一篇说明文。本文通过举例说明了太空生活的奇妙：在太空睡觉时，对宇航员来说主要的挑战在于恰当的睡眠姿势；宇航员在一个地方运动久了会出现碳毒性头痛；宇航员的大脑接收到矛盾的信息时会感到恶心。最后告诉我们美国国家宇航局对宇航员主要的担心是宇航员回家后的修养期和如何在太空长久地保持健康。63.A细节理解题。根据第二段第一、二句“First consider something as simple as sleep. Its position presents its own challenges.”可知在太空睡觉时，对宇航员来说主要的挑战在于恰当的睡眠姿势。故选A项。64. C细节
10、理解题。根据第三段中“But station residents have to be careful about staying in one place too long. You can end up with what astronauts call a carbon-dioxide headache”可知宇航员在一个地方运动久了会出现碳毒性头痛。故选C项。65. D细节理解题。根据第四段中“Your inner ear thinks youre failing. Meanwhile your eyes are telling you youre standing straight.
11、That can be annoying-thats why some people feel sick.”可知宇航员在大脑接收到矛盾的信息时会感到恶心。故选D项。66.B细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第一、二句“The focus on fitness is as much about science and the future as is about keeping any individual astronaut healthyNASA is worried about two things : and, more importantly, how maintain strength a
12、nd fitness”可知美国国家宇航局对宇航员主要的担心之一是如何在太空长久地保持健康。故选B项。【考点定位】说明文阅读【名师点睛】科普类说明文历来是高考阅读理解命题的重点，文章逻辑性强，条理清楚，主要考查学生对语篇的整体把握和领悟能力以及对特定细节的认读和处理能力。考生应注意：1.平时多读科普知识类文章，学习科普知识，积累常见的科普词汇，从根本上提高科普英语的阅读能力。2.熟悉科普类文章的结构特点。科普类文章一般由标题（高考题中一般不给出标题）、导语、背景、主体和结尾五部分构成。导语一般位于整篇文章的首段。背景交待一个事实的起因。主体则对导语概括的事实进行详细叙述，这部分是命题的重点，考生
13、应该重点把握。结尾往往也是中心思想的概括，并与导语相呼应，命题者常在此要设计一道推理判断题。3. 在进行推理判断时，考生一定要以阅读材料所提供的科学事实为依据，同时所得出的结论还应符合基本的科普常识。2.【2019北京卷】CLife in the Clear Transparent animals let light pass through their bodies the same way light passes through a window. These animals typically live between the surface of the ocean and a de
14、pth of about 3,300 feetas far as most light can reach. Most of them are extremely delicate and can be damaged by a simple touch. Sonke Johnsen, a scientist in biology, says, “These animals live through their life alone. They never touch anything unless theyre eating it, or unless something is eating them.” And they are as clear as glass. How does an animal become see-th
