1、单、复数意义不同的名词have a word with sb 同某人说句话have words with sb 同某人吵架make cloth 织布make clothes 制衣5. 有些抽象名词可用复数形式表示具体的事物。I had great difficulty （in learning English .He faced many difficulties （具体困难You are my last hopeWe have many hopes for future.（具体希望6. in 表示|“用（方式,材料,途径,语言”,也可用于表示交通方式,用“in + ones + car”He
2、 wrote many letters in English.You can do this in a different way.in 表示“在.方面”7. on 表示“论述”,常与speak , talk , write , lecture 等词连用。He is writing a book on cooking .The professor is going to speak on the importance of learning foreign languages. 8. instead 与instead ofIf you are very busy, you may come a
3、nother day instead.I will go instead of youMr Li gave us a lesson instead of Miss Liu.9. 并列连词and连接并列主语的几种情况。当and 连接的两个名词指同一人或物（即and后无冠词时,谓语动词仍用单数形式。The worker and writer is coming tomorrow.10. 当and 连接的两个单数名词前都有every ,each 或no 修饰时,谓语动词用单数形式。Each boy and each girl is going to take part in the sports m
4、eeting next week.11. what 从句做主语What 从句做主语,如果表示的是单数意义,则位于动词用单数,如果表示的是复数形式,则位于动词用复数。What he wanted to know was why they didnt tell him.12. 方式状语从句方式状语从句用以描述主句动作的方式,通常由as（按照 ,as if, as though 等引导。Ill do as you tell me .He treats me as if Im a stranger.The man talks about Rome as though he had been there
5、 himself.13. 原因状语从句。表示理由或原因的状语从句,常用连词为because , since 和as.I lent him my bike because he needed it .As he is not ready , we must go without him.Since everyone can make mistakes , I want to give him a chance.14. 地点状语从句由where, wherever 引导。I will follow you wherever you go.Where there is a will , there
6、is a way.15. as soon as 表示“一.就”这类从句中,一般遵循“主将从现”原则。As soon as he arrives, Ill tell him .I will give you a call as soon as I get there.16. A man told yu Gong that he could never do it.一个人告诉愚公他绝不可能把山移走。【解析1】tell sb. that 告诉某人【辨析】speak/talk/say/tell（1 说某种语言用speak speak English 说英语（2 与某人交谈用talk talk with
7、 sb.= talk to sb. 与某人交谈（3 强调说话内容用say say it in English 用英语说（4 告诉某人用tell tell sb. to do sth 告诉某人做某事17.need 既可作情态动词,也可作实义动词,need 作情态动词主要用于疑问句,否定句。否定式为neednt ;作实义动词有人称,数,时态的变化,肯定式为need to do , 否定式为dont need to do .例Need you go soon?We neednt hurry.Does he need to know it ?He needs to finish his homewor
8、k first.18.（1 had better “最好”,没有人称的变化,后接不带to的不定式。You had better go there by bus.（2 否定式为had better not.You had better not give the book to him.19.get away 离开;逃脱;take away 拿走;带走;send away 撵走;开除;throwaway扔掉20.clear up 清理end up 结束make up 编写;化妆21 . knock off 把.撞下来;take off 起飞;脱衣服;show off 炫耀22. require 需
9、要reduce 需要remove 移除;迁移repeat 重复23. come up with 想出;put up 举起;建立;张贴call up 打电话;set up 建立24. take after 性格相像;take part in 参加活动25. help sb put 帮助某人解决困难remind sb of sth 使某人想起let sb down 使某人沮丧26. come out 出版come over 顺便来访27.dress up 打扮stay up 熬夜;mix up 混合show up 炫耀;come up 出现;发生28. put out 熄灭;put away 拿走
10、;put up 张贴;put off 推迟29. give away 捐赠30. 表示分数的短语在句中作主语时,如果后面的名词是可数名词复数,则谓语动词用复数;如果后面的名词是不可数名词,则谓语动词用单数。In 1850, about a third of the USA _ covered by forest.A. wereB. has beenC. wasD. /31. one and a half 的后面要接复数名词,作主语时谓语动词要用单数形式。32. 复合句的主句是I think（expect, suppose, believe, suspect, imagine时,附加问句要根据主
11、句的主语而定,当主语时第一人称时,要根据从句而定,主语为二,三人称时,与主句保持一致,并且要注意否定的转移。I dont think he is a good student, is he（a good student ?She doesnt think he will come ; does she （think so?33. Lets 开头的祈使句的反义疑问句用shall we ; let us 开头的祈使句的反义疑问句用will you . 例:Lets go there, shall we?Let us go there, will you ?34. 祈使句的反意疑问句,一般在句尾加w
12、ill you .Give me a hand, will you ?Dont forget it, will you ?书面表达昨天你高兴地看到许多同学知识校园里自觉地做了一些事去保护环境,请你以“Learn from them”为题给你校英语周刊投稿,内容包括同学们在校园里的具体做法以及你要向他们学习什么。提示词:pick up the trash; plant; reuse; save Learn From Them.Nowadays more and more people have done a lot to protect the environment. Yesterday, I
13、 was glad to see many students volunteer their time to make our school environment better. Some students picked up the trash on the playground , some students planted the trees, and other students made posters calling on people to lead a low-carbon life.I was moved by what they did. The environment
14、protection is not only the business of the government , but also the responsibility of each of us. Even a small effort can make a great difference so I made up my mind to learn from them.I will turn off the lights when I leave the room, and I wont keep the water running while I am not using it. Besides , reusing some old things I plan to throw away will be my choice. Whats more, I will remind people around me to tale part in such a
