1、人教版教材补充词汇（与2018年中考考纲对照）* 划线单词为课本完全没有学过，其他单词课本没有学过该中文意思。“非黑”指教材中的非黑体单词。about adv. 到处，四处 prep. 在各处；四处e.g. Lets look about for help. 让我们四处寻求帮助 Lets plant trees about the house. 我们在房子周围种树吧。ache vi.&n. 痛，疼痛 e.g. I ache all over. 我浑身疼痛。 He has an ache in the back. 他的背痛。act n. 法令，条例 v. 行动，做事e.g. An Act for
2、bidding the killing of rare animals was passed yesterday. 禁止捕杀珍稀动物的法令昨天通过了。 Think before you act! 三思而后行！advertisement n. 广告 C (缩写 ad)e.g. The wall was covered with advertisements. 墙上贴满了广告。afford vt. 抽得出（时间）；提供e.g. I am too busy to afford an hour for lunch. 我忙得抽不出一小时吃午饭。 Soccer is a sport affording g
3、ood exercise. 足球是一项使人获得良好锻炼的运动。against prep. 反对e.g. We won our match against that team. 我们在比赛中赢了那个队。 No one is against this bill. 没有人反对这个议案。age n.时代e.g. the Stone Age 石器时代 the computer age 计算机时代 the Ice Age 冰川纪agreement n. 协定e.g. The agreement was signed during a meeting at the UN. 这个协定是在联合国的一次会议上签订
4、的。airline n. 航空公司e.g. international airline国际航线; 国际航空公司alone adj. 单独的，孤独的e.g. He was alone in the house. 他独自一人在家里。along adv. 向前，和在一起，一同e.g. Pass the note along. 请将条子传过去。A bill came along with the package. 清单与包裹一并到达。among prep. 在（三个以上）之间e.g. Shenyang is among the largest industrial cities in China. 沈
5、阳是中国最大工业城市之一。answer n.&v. 回信e.g. Have you had an answer to your letter?你的信是否有了回信?area n. 面积e.g. Australia is large in area, but small in population. 澳大利亚面积辽阔，但人口很少。article n. 东西，冠词e.g. The woman first bought a few small articles. 这个妇女先买了些小商品as adv.&conj. 因为 prep. 作为e.g. As you are tired, you had bet
6、ter rest. (既然)你累了, 最好休息一下。 He worked as a teacher. 他当教师。Asian adj. 亚洲的，亚洲人的 n. 亚洲人e.g. The map shows 48 Asian countries with their capitals. 这幅地图显示了48个国家及其首都。ask vt. 邀请e.g. Id like to ask them to dinner. 我想请他们吃饭。available adj. 有用的，有效的 e.g. These tickets are available for one month. 这些票有效期一个月。awake (
7、awoke, awoken) v. 唤醒, 醒来e.g. Her voice awoke the sleeping child. 她的声音惊醒了睡着的小孩。 I awoke from a deep sleep. 我从沉睡中醒来。awkward adj. 尴尬的；难对付的，棘手的；不方便的；笨拙的e.g. Amy made an awkward gesture with her hands. 艾米笨拙地做了个手势。 It was small, but very awkward to carry. 它虽然小，但不便携带。 He asked a lot of awkward questions at
8、 the meeting. 他在会议上提了很多令人尴尬的问题。back adj. 后面的 n. 背后，后部；背bank n. 堤岸e.g. He jumped into the river and swam to the opposite bank. 他跳下河游到了对岸。beat v. 跳动，打赢 n.（音乐）节拍e.g. We couldnt beat them in last Sundays basketball game. 上周日的篮球赛上，我们战胜不了他们。 My heart beat quickly before the exam. 考试前我的心跳得厉害。bee n. 蜜蜂 beha
9、vior n. 行为，举止e.g. Everyone praises the childrens good behavior. 每个人都赞扬孩子们的好行为。besides prep. 除以外（还有）e.g. We have no other dictionaries besides these. 除了这些辞典外, 我们没有别的辞典了。bill n. 账单，法案，议案；钞票，纸币e.g. a 10-dollar bill 一张10美元的钞票If you dont pay the bill, the telephone company may disconnect your telephone.如
10、果你不付电话费,电话公司就会切断你的电话线路。blow v. 刮风e.g. The winds blow across the sea, pushing little waves into bigger and bigger ones.风吹过海面,把小的波浪推向前进,变成越来越大的波浪。board n. 委员会；（政府的）部 v. 寄宿 (学过boarding school)e.g. The board of the directors agreed to give Mr White the job.董事会同意聘用怀特先生。boat v. 划船e.g. They were fond of bo
11、ating. 他们喜欢划船。book v. 预订，订（房间、车票）e.g. The hotel is fully booked up. 旅馆房间已经全部给人预定了。breath n. 气息，呼吸e.g. How long can you hold your breath under water? 在水下你能屏住气多长时间?breathe vi. 呼吸(非黑)e.g. The doctor told him to breathe in deeply and then breathe out. 医生叫他先深深吸一口气,然后再呼气。bright adj. 聪明的e.g. a bright child
12、 一个聪慧的孩子 a bright idea 一个聪明的见解build vt. 建筑，造e.g. He built a model ship out of wood. 他用木头造了个模型船。burn v. 使晒黑e.g. He burnt his face in the sun. 他晒黑了脸。business n. 工作，职业，职责，事业e.g. Its a teachers business to make children learn. 使学生学习是老师的责任。 by prep. 靠近，在旁，在时间，不迟于e.g. She was standing by the window and wa
13、tching the children play. 她站在窗户旁边看着小孩玩耍。 Hell be here by 4 oclock tomorrow. 他最迟明天四点就到这儿。can n. 罐e.g. Food in cans is called canned food. 装在罐头里的食品叫罐头食品。Canadian adj. 加拿大的；加拿大人的 n. 加拿大人cancer n. 癌e.g. Cancer is a common cause of death in modern society. 癌症是现代社会常见的死亡原因。cap n. （瓶子的）盖；（钢笔等的）笔套capital n.
14、省会；大写；资本e.g. Write your name in capitals. 用大写字母写你的名字。 Austin is the state capital of Texas. 奥斯丁是得克萨斯州州府。 Companies are having difficulty in raising capital. 各家公司现在很难筹集到资金。 card n. 纸牌，名片e.g. Lets play cards. 咱们打牌吧。（用复数形式）catch v. 染上（疾病）e.g. Youll catch a cold if you dont put a sweater on. 你不穿上毛衣会感冒的。
15、cause n. 原因，起因change n. 零钱，找头 v. 兑换e.g. I gave him one yuan, and he gave me 20 cents change. 我给了他一块钱，他找了我两毛钱的零钱。 Where can I change my Hong Kong dollars for US dollars? 我在哪儿可以把港币兑换成美钞?challenge （非黑）n. 挑战；艰巨的任务 v. 向挑战；反对e.g. She challenged me to a race. 她要和我比赛赛跑。 Editing this paper is the biggest challenge I have faced in my life.编辑这份报纸是我平生面临的最大挑战。church n. 教堂，教会e.g. Many people go
