1、a few作定语，修饰可数名词，是肯定意义。Can I have a few words with you? 我能和你谈几句话吗？作主语或宾语，代替可数名词，表示肯定意义。Only a few of the children can read. 只有几个孩子识字。saltn. 盐【例句】There is some salt in it. 里面有些盐。Please pass some salt to your mother. 请递一些盐给你妈妈。sugarn. 糖【例句】Put a little sugar in my coffee, please. 请放一点糖到我咖啡里。I want a cu
2、p of tea without sugar. 我要一杯不放糖的茶。peppern. 胡椒【例句】Add some pepper to the cake. 在蛋糕上加点胡椒。Lucy doesnt like the cake with pepper. 露西不喜欢带胡椒的蛋糕。【助记】谐音拍拍一拍拍成胡椒粉（pepper）oiln. 油【例句】Oil doesnt mix with water. 油和水不能混合。Theres some oil in the bottle. 那个瓶子里有些油。winen .酒【例句】Would you like a glass of wine? 你想来杯葡萄酒吗？
3、He drank two bottles of red wine. 他喝了两瓶红酒。beern. 啤酒【例句】My brother likes to drink beer. 我哥哥喜欢喝啤酒。Can you drink some beer? 你能喝啤酒吗？【助记】bee（蜜蜂）飞进beer（啤酒）瓶里。fork n. 叉；餐叉【例句】They need another knife and fork. 他们需要另一付刀叉。Put your fork on your plate. 把你的餐叉放在盘子里。【助记】用fork（刀叉）吃pork（牛肉）。spoonn. 匙；调羹【例句】I put a s
4、poon of sugar into my drink. 我在我的饮料里加了一匙糖。Ill go and get a spoon. 我去拿一个调羹来。chopsticksn.（通常用复数）筷子【例句】Our Chinese always use chopsticks. 我们中国人通常用筷子。English dont use chopsticks to eat. 英国人不用筷子吃饭。【助记】chop（砍，切碎）sticks（stick，棍，棒）切成条的木棍chopsticks（筷子）cabbagen. 卷心菜；洋白菜【例句】Which do you like better, cabbage or
5、 potatoes? 卷心菜和土豆你更喜欢哪一个？The farmers grow cabbage on the farm. 农民们在农场里种洋白菜。【助记】cab（出租马车）bage（年纪）出租马车拉着一车上了年纪的老cabbage（卷心菜）。pean. 碗豆【例句】I like to have peas. 我喜欢吃碗豆。A pea is a kind of vegetables. 豌豆是一种蔬菜。buttern. 黄油【例句】Would you like some butter with your bread? 要给你的面包来点黄油吗？Nancy likes bread and butte
6、r. 南希喜欢奶油加面包。cheesen. 乳酪【例句】Could you pass me the cheese, please? 能把乳酪递给我吗？There are many kinds of cheeses in the shop. 这家商店里有各种各样的奶酪。soupn. 汤【例句】Help yourself to some soup. 你自己随便喝点汤。He had tomato soup for lunch. 中午我们喝的是番茄汤。Italianadj. 意大利（人）的；意大利语的n. 意大利语；意大利人【例句】Italians like to eat pizza. 意大利人喜欢吃
7、比萨。Italians are different from Americans. 意大利人和美国人不一样。【助记】谐音 Itali意大利an（常见表示“人”的后缀）Italian（意大利人）pizzan.（意大利）烤馅饼【例句】Do you think pizza is very popular in China? 你觉得比萨在中国很流行吗？I like pizza very much. 我非常喜欢吃意大利馅饼。【助记】谐音比萨pizza（烤馅饼）Indianadj. 印度的；印度人的n.印度人；印第安人【例句】Indians like to eat hot food. 印度人喜欢吃辣味食品
8、。The Indian summer is a very pleasant season in the American autumn. 印第安之夏是美国秋天里气候宜人的季节。【助记】谐音 indi印度an（常见表示“人”的后缀）Indian（印度人）kinds of各种各样的【例句】In England, one of the most popular kinds of food is fish and chips. 在英国，炸鱼和油炸土豆条是最流行的各种食物之一。There are many kinds of animals in the zoo. 动物园里有很多种动物。【用法】kind作
9、名词讲，意为“种类”。kind作形容词讲，意为“和善的，友好的”。Its kind of you to help me. 你帮助我真是太好了。a kind of（一种）；kinds of （各种各样的）。workplacen. 工作场所【例句】They put it in paper bags, and take it home, or to their workplace. 他们将它放在纸袋里，带回家或者带到工作场所去。He was in the workplace a moment ago. 他刚才还在车间里的。【助记】work（工作）place（地点）workplace（工作场所）see
10、mv .好像；似乎【例句】It seems that American fast food is the most popular in the world. 美国快餐好像是全世界最受欢迎的食物。She seems to be very kind. 她好像很和气。【用法】（1）seem动词，意为“好像，似乎”。常在句子中作连系动词，后接形容词作表语。She seems worried.她看上去很焦急。（2）seem后可接动词不定式。They seem to come here. 他们好像今天要来。（3）seem可与形式主语it连用，后接that引导的从句。It seems that its g
11、oing to rain. 好像要下雨。evenadv. 甚至；更【例句】In New York, Moscow, Paris, London, and even in some big cities in China, you can find people eating hamburgers and chips. 在纽约、莫斯科、巴黎、伦敦，甚至中国的一些大城市，你都能看到人们在吃汉堡和炸薯条。【用法】even用来强调单词或短语，意思是“甚至”；也可用于比较级前加强语气，意思是“（比）更”；“甚至”。It was cold yesterday，but its even colder tod
12、ay.昨天很冷，但今天更冷。He didnt answer even my letter。他甚至连我的信都没有回。Italyn. 意大利【例句】He came back from Italy. 他从意大利回来。The shape of Italy is like a leg. 意大利的版图像一条大腿。【助记】谐音I意ta大ly利Italy（意大利）chocolaten. 巧克力；巧克力糖【例句】Chocolate is good for your health. Do you agree? 巧克力对健康有益。你同意吗？I like chocolate cream. 我喜欢奶油夹心巧克力。【助记
13、】谐音cho巧co克late力icen. 冰【例句】When I was young, I had no money to buy ice cream. 我很小的时候没有钱去买冰淇淋。She added two pieces of ices to her drink. 她向饮料里加了两快冰。makev.（made, making）使（发生）【例句】She made cakes. 她做了蛋糕。That will make him happy.那会使他很高兴。【助记】make（做）cake（蛋糕）（1）make动词，意为“使（发生）”。The teacher made him stay after
14、 school.老师要他放学后留下来。（2）make为使役动词，表示使役性的动词还有let，have。后面连接不定式时to常省略。“使某人做某事”表达为：make sb. dolet sb. dohave sb. do。Too much food made him fat吃得太多使他发胖。laughv.（大）笑；发笑【例句】He made us laugh.他逗我们笑。Its unkind to laugh at person who in trouble. 嘲笑一个陷入困境的人是不仁的。【用法】laugh笑；发笑，短语laugh at是“嘲笑”的意思。laugh指出声地笑，而且带有面部表情和
15、动作，它可以表示高兴、快乐、嘲笑等；而它的同义词smile则指无声的笑，通常表示愉快、亲切、友好等。bothadj.& pron. 两个（人，）【例句】In my family everyone helps because my parents both work. 在我们家人人都帮忙干活，因为父母都上班。I want both of them. 两个我都要。【用法】both表示“两个都”，只用于两个人或两件事物。用在复数名词前面，动词用复数形式。其反义词为neither。Both of the books are useful. 这两本书都有用。eitheradv.（用于否定句中）也（不）e
16、itheror 或者或者【例句】Either my father or my mother cooks dinner on weekdays. 工作日里不是我爸爸做饭，就是我妈妈做饭。You may take either of the books.你可以拿两本书中的任何一本。（1）either副词，“也（不）”。常用于否定句或否定短语后。Jim doesnt like swimming. I dont like it, either.吉姆不喜欢游泳。我也不喜欢。（2）either作形容词、代词讲，意为“（两者之中）任何一个”。（3）连词eitheror连接并列主语时，谓语动词和邻近的一个在数
17、量、人称等方面保持一致。Either the girls or Jim is in the classroom.那些女孩或者吉姆在教室里。anythingpron. 任何事（物）【例句】When he comes back from the fields, he never does anything. 他从田里回来后，从来不做任何事。Would you like anything else? 你还想要点什么吗？【用法】由some, any, no, every构成的复合不定代词somebody, someone, something, anybody, anything, everybody
18、, everyone, everything, nobody, nothing等用定语修饰时，定语必须后置。neitherconj. （两者）都不norconj. 也不neithernor既不也不【例句】Neither dad nor my brother helps. 爸爸和哥哥都不帮忙（做晚饭）。Neither answer is right. 两个答案都不对。【助记】neither（两者）都不either也（不）（1）neither作形容词时，后接名词单数，意为“两者都不”。Neither books is interesting.两本书都没有趣。（2）neither作代词讲，表示“两者
19、都不”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Neither of his parents is a doctor.他父母都不是医生。（3）neithernor连接两个主语时，后面谓语就近原则，即与后面的主语在数上保持一致。如：Neither you nor he is on duty today.今天你和他都不值日。a bit （of）少量（的）；一点【例句】Why dont men do a bit of housework? 为什么男人不做一点家务？Would you please put a bit of salt in the soup? 请在汤里放少许盐好吗？（1）a bit意为“一点，少量”
20、。它常以a bit of短语形式来修饰不可数名词。The girl knows a bit of French. 那女孩懂点儿英语。（2）当a bit与not连用时，not a bit意为“一点也不”。He didnt worry a bit about his lessons.他对他的功课毫不担心。（3）a bit还可以用来充当状语，表示程度，意为“有点”。It is a bit cold today.今天有点冷。withoutprep.无；没有；不【例句】I like Chinese tea without anything in it. 我喜欢不加任何东西的中国茶。Can you do
21、the work well without any help? 你无需任何帮助就能把这项工作做好【助记】with（有）out（外出）without（无；没有）【用法】without 表示行为方式时，意思是“不；无；没有”等不定意思。表示条件、假设时，意思是“如果没有”。You cant get in without a ticket. 无票不得入内。without后接doing，表示“没有做某事”。He went out without turning off the light.他没有关灯就走了。take-awayn. 可拿走的（熟食）【例句】This is not take-away fo
22、od! 这不是外卖食品。【助记】take（拿）away（离开）take-away可拿走的（熟食）waitern. 服务员【例句】Waiter, please give me some water. 服务员，请给我一些水。That girl is a waiter in the restaurant. 那个女孩是这家饭店的服务员。【助记】wait（等待）erwaiter（服务员）经常等着给客人提供服务madamn.女士；夫人；小姐（对已婚或未婚妇女的尊称）【例句】Good morning, Madam. 早上好，女士。Can you show me another, madam? 夫人，我能看一
23、下另外一个吗？【用法】madam是对已婚或未婚妇女的尊称。menun.（餐厅等的）菜单【例句】Heres the menu. 给您菜单。Where is the menu? 菜单在哪里？ordern. 订货单；订购；（点）一份菜v. 订购；点菜【例句】May I take your order now？请问您要点什么？He ordered himself a cup of tea. 他给自己要了一杯茶。【用法】May I take your order now？是服务员（waiter）在要求客人点菜时的客套语。它表现了英语语言的一大特色含蓄美。意思是说：现在您可以点菜了吗？我可以把您点的菜单送
24、去。再如：Could we have the bill?（我们可以有账单吗？）其真正含义是汉语的“买单！”。billn. 帐单；清单；纸币【例句】Could we have the bill? 我们可以有账单吗My bill for the shoes is 5 dollars. 我要付的鞋钱是五美元。be famous for 因而有名的【例句】China is very famous for its food in the world. 中国以其食物闻名于世。This city is famous for its gardens in the country.这座城市以它的园林在全国闻名。
25、【用法】be famous for意为“因而著名”；be famous as意思是“作为而著名”。The old man is famous as a scientist in the world. 这位老人作为科学家而闻名。kindadj. 和蔼的；友好的【例句】What a good, kind girl! 多么善良的好姑娘!Its very kind of you! 你真太好了！ladyn. 女士；夫人ladies room （妇女用）公共厕所【例句】Can you tell me the way to Ladies Room? 你能告诉我去女厕所的路吗？A lady would not
26、 do such a thing. 有教养的女人是不会这样做的。tellv.（told, telling）说；告诉；吩咐【例句】I told you not to do it. 我叫你不要做这个。Can you tell me how I can get to the library? 你能告诉我怎样去阅览室吗？【用法】动词tell，意为“讲，说，告诉”，后常跟告诉的对象，即tell sb. sth.（告诉某人某事）或tell sb. to do sth.（告诉某人做某事）。Dont tell him about it, let him guess.别告诉他，让他猜猜。libraryn. 图书
27、馆【例句】Can you tell me the way to the library? 你能告诉我去图书馆的路吗?There are three libraries in the city. 这座城里有三座图书馆。crossn. 十字形，十字记号v. 穿过；越过crossingn. 十字路口；交叉点【例句】Turn right at the second crossing. 在第二个十字路口往右转。There is a cross on the hospital. 医院上有个十字架。【用法】cross作动词，意为“穿过，越过，交叉”，同义词组为go across。Look both ways before you cross the road.过街前看看路的两边。crossing意为“十字路口，人行横道”。相同的词如turning（拐弯处）。Take the third crossing on the left. 到第三个十字路口向左拐。acrossprep. 穿过；横穿【例句】Go across the bridge, and than youll see the hospital. 过了桥，你会看到医院的。Some sheep are walking across the field. 一些绵羊正在穿过田野。【助记】across（prep
