1、Emily Bronte, British poet and novelist of the 19th century, was born in Thornton, a small county in the north of Yorkshire, England, in the year of 1818. She moved to Haworth with her parents when she was two and their house was located at the top of the area. Her mother died soon. Bronte sisters l
2、ived with their father, and Emilys father was very fond of literature and had a great influence upon Bronte sisters. About Emilys life, there was little materials remained and most people believed that Emily is introverted and did not show her feelings easily, she was taciturn on appearance while at
3、 the same time had the most intensive passions inside. Emily had no experience of love affairs and had got through most of her fugacious life in an isolated circumstance with an irresistible love for the vast moors of Yorkshire. Except housework, she spent all her time on it. Bronte sisters found gr
4、eat pleasure playing outside in the vast, rough, untouched moorland wilderness. This was especially so with Emily, who, a rather reserved and simple girl, was very much a child of nature. She was never tired of staying outside in the open moorland in all weathers and never at ease when she was away
5、from it. It could be said that its the moors which present her with infinite inspirations to create Wuthering Heights and in fact, the background of this story was just this environment of asperity.1.2 Introduction to Wuthering HeightsWuthering Heights is the only novel by Emily Bronte. It was first
6、 published in 1847 under the pseudonym of Ellis Bell, and a posthumous second edition was edited by her sister Charlotte. The name of the novel comes from the Yorkshire manor on the moors on which the story centers （as an adjective; wuthering is a Yorkshire word referring to turbulent weather）. Howe
7、ver, when it was first published in 1847, it was considered as a terrible, absurd and sick book, and severely criticized and scolded by the critics. However, people started to realize Emilys extraordinary genius of writing after it was published for almost half a century later. The main reason for t
8、his was chiefly the creation of Heathcliff as people could not stand for such an inhumane evil. Bronte used tradition of Gothic for reference in aspects of the theme, personae character, environment shaping, image and plot and so on. At the same time, it mixed the reality and super-reality together
9、through extraordinary imagination; poured fiery emotion, psychology depth and fresh vigor into the stake form, perfectly uniting the form of Gothic and passion content, and making Wuthering Heights exceed the Black Romanism as well as Victorys Realism, which displayed its special and everlasting cha
10、rm. The story is told by two characters in the sidelines: Mr. Lockwood, the new tenant of the Grange, and Mrs. Dean, an old servant of the Earnshaw family. Heathcliff, the hero of this story, is a foundling. He is adopted by the senior Earnshaw who lives in Wuthering Heights. After senior Earnshaws
11、death, he is degraded as a servant and is badly mistreated by Hindley, the junior Earnshaw. However, Catherine, the daughter of senior Earnshaw and heroine of this story, loves him so deeply and regards him as her soul and vice versa. Although Catherine loves Heathcliff more than anything else, afte
12、r accidentally meeting Edgar Linton, a patrician young man who lives in Thrushcross Grange, she feels that it would demean her if she gets married with him. Overhearing Catherines inner contradiction, the degraded Heathcliff is irritated and then disappears. Losing her lover, Catherine falls into se
13、rious illness and then marries Linton after recovering. Three years have passed since then, Heathcliff returns to Wuthering Heights and behaves like a gentleman. Tortured between her former lover and her present husband, Catherine dies soon in childbirth after a last meeting with her soul. Full of s
14、adness because of Catherines death, Heathcliff retaliates mercilessly upon his enemies. He takes up the Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange at last but still cannot bear the separation from Catherine; he starves himself to death to meet his lover. The novel finishes with a blissful marriage of
15、Cathy and Hareton, another pair of lovers. 1.3 Reasons for the StudyWuthering Heights is the only novel written by Emily Bronte during her short life and is one of the best known works of English literature. However, when it was first published in 1847, early critics did not like the work, citing it
16、s excess of passion and its coarseness. During the about fifty years after its publication, the novel received a lot of iniquitous criticisms such as “a terrific story, associated with an equally fearful and repulsive spot”, “It is a compound of vulgar depravity and unnatural horrors”, “we rise from
17、 the perusal of Wuthering Heights as if we had come fresh from a pest-house but burn Wuthering Heights” and so on. The main reason for this was chiefly the creation of Heathcliff as people could not stand for such an inhumane evil. However, as the main character in the novel, Heathcliff is occupying
18、 the novels center, and an important source of fictional artistic charm. Heathcliffs howling passion, distinct tough love and hatred of consciousness and the merciless revenge deeply attract readers, and he also becomes one of the most complex characters in British novel history. Many people are stu
19、dying Wuthering Heights, but they mainly around the love between Catherine and Heathcliff. For example, Fei Xiaoqin wrote On Tragedy Love of Heathcliff and Catherine in Wuthering Heights, and Wang Yujie wrote A Ditorted Love- on Love of Heathcliff and Catherine in Wuthering Heights. This paper will
20、be presented from the analysis of sophisticated relationships between Heathcliff and several main characters in the novel, variously describing Heathcliffs unique and vocal love and hatred so that readers can have a new angle to feel Heathcliff s deep love and hatred, and experience Heathcliff s wil
21、d desire and unrestrained character charm. This paper mainly adopts material collecting and references studying methods to analyze Heathcliffs sophisticated relationships with other characters in the novel to help readers have a new angle to feel Heathcliffs deep love and hatred character.Chapter 2
22、Literature Review Emily Bronte wrote few works except a novel and some poets. But her only novel Wuthering Heights has aroused lots of researchers interests, and gets more and more attention from the literature circle both home and abroad. They try to define the meaning of Wuthering Heights from the
23、 following five aspects: the definition of the theme and comparison; the study of arts in Wuthering Heights; the study of comparison in Wuthering Heights; the study of Heathcliffs image; Emily Bronte and Wuthering Heights. Many critics adopt different methods to study from different perspectives, dr
24、awing different conclusions, so that Emily and her works seem to be an endless puzzle to researchers.2.1 Foreign Research Situation A lot of research papers and monographs on Wuthering Heights are published abroad. For example, Janet. C. James wrote Cliffs Notes on Emily Brontes Wuthering Height, wh
25、ich aims at students need to understand a subject with a minimum of fuss. In this case is an examination of Emily Brontes story of the brooding love of Heathcliff for Catherine, a woman he cannot have, and the revenge he takes on the families who stand in his way. The book resolves some problems tha
26、t confuse us especially of the social roots of Heathcliffs merciless revenge, and helps us understand better about the plot of the novel. And Hardy Barbara wrote Emily Bronte：Wuthering Heights. The book mainly tells story of the passionate, yet thwarted love between Heathcliff and Catherine Earnshaw
27、, and how this unresolved passion eventually destroys them and many around them. It tells us the process and reasons of Heathcliffs changes, helping us have a deeper understanding of the changes of Heathcliff. British famous writer William Somer Eset Maugham puts Wuthering Heights on the list of Glo
28、bal Top Ten Novelist and Masterpiece.2.2 Domestic Research SituationFor hundreds of years, Chinese scholars studying Wuthering Heights theme emerge endlessly. According to textual research, popular studies about Wuthering Heights are revenge theme, love theme, human nature theme, and research of fem
29、ale consciousness. The representatives are Prototype Analysis of Heathcliff and Catherines in Wuthering Heights by professor Pu Ruoqian of Jinan University. The book compares the love between Heathcliff and Catherine in Wuthering Heights with the love in Greek myth, putting forward that love between
30、 Heathcliff and Catherine is the reappearance of the oldest love. And The Persons “Confusion- New Exploration on Wuthering Heights by professor Dong Junfeng of Zhejiang Wanli College. The author narrates the opinion that Catherines ambiguous relationship with Heathcliff and Edgar shows the “confusio
31、n of the female, even the “confusion” of human survival. It is immoral and unbearable that Catherine tries to get on well with two men at the same time, and also cant be understood by the human beings. The two men she loves with are just the Ego and Superego of herself. So she cant give up each of t
32、hem. The book reveals the deep nature of the humanity, to a philosophy height. Chinas scholars studies on Wuthering Heights theme can reflect the literatis profound understanding in Wuthering Heights.Chapter 3 Heathcliffs UnmixedLove and Hatred3.1 Heathcliffs Pure Love for EarnshawForty years ago, Mr. Earnshaw brings home a gypsy child from the streets of Liverpool. He has been always missing his child Heathclif who died many years ago, so he names the gypsy child Heathclif as if the dead son were still alive. In time Heath
