1、 Any other interesting information in the survey? Yes. For example, 25% of the working people interviewed described themselves as very happy at work. However, 20% of employees described themselves as being unhappy. Thats quite a lot of unhappy people at work every day. It is, isnt it? And there were
2、 several more interesting conclusions revealed by the survey. First of all, small is beautiful: people definitely prefer working for smaller organizations or companies with less than 100 staff. We also find out that, generally speaking, women were happier in their work than men. Yes, we are, arent w
3、e? And workers on part-time contracts, who only work 4 or 5 hours a day, are happier than those who work full-time. The researchers concluded that this is probably due to a better work-life balance. Are bosses happier than their employees? Yes, perhaps not surprisingly, the higher people go in a com
4、pany, the happier they are. So senior managers enjoy their jobs more than people working under them.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Q1: What is the No.1 factor that made employees happy according to the survey?Q2: What is the percentage of the people surveyed who f
5、elt unhappy at work?Q3: What kind of companies are popular with employees?Q4: What is the possible reason for people on part-time contracts to be happier? Mr. De Keyzer, Im a great lover of your book Moments Before the Flood. Can you tell us how you first became interested in this subject matter? In
6、 2006, when the concert hall of the city of Bruges asked me to take some pictures for a catalogue for a new concert season around the theme of water, I found myself working along the Belgian coastline. As there had been numerous alarming articles in the press about a climate catastrophe waiting to h
7、appen, I started looking at the sea and the beach very differently, a place where I spent so many perfect days as a child. This fear of a looming danger became the subject of a large-scale photo project. You wrote in the book: I dont want to photograph the disaster, I want to photograph the disaster
8、 waiting to happen.” Can you talk a bit about that? It is clear now that it is a matter of time before the entire European coastline disappears under water. The same goes for numerous big cities around the world. My idea was to photograph this beautiful and very unique coastline, rich in history, be
9、fore its too lateas a last witness. Can you talk a bit about how history plays a role in this project? Sure. The project is also about the history of Europe looking at the sea and wondering when the next enemy would appear. In the images, you see all kinds of possible defense constructions to hold b
10、ack the Romans, Germans, Vikings, and now nature as enemy number one. For example, there is the image of the bridge into the sea taken at the Normandy D-Day landing site. Also, Venice, the city eternally threatened by the sea, where every morning wooden pathways have to be set up to allow tourists t
11、o reach their hotels. Thank you, Mr. De Keyzer. It was a pleasure to have you with us today.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Q5. What does the man say about the book Moments Before the Flood?Q6. When did the man get his idea for the work?Q7. What will happen when th
12、e climate catastrophe occurs?Q8. What does the man say about Venice?Section BPassage 1When facing a new situation, some people tend to rehearse their defeat by spending too much time anticipating the worst. I remember talking with a young lawyer who was about to begin her first jury trial. She was v
13、ery nervous. I asked what impression she wanted to make on the jury. She replied:” I dont want to look too inexperienced, I dont want them to suspect this is my first trial.” This lawyer had fallen victims to the donts syndromea form of negative goals setting. The donts can be self-fulfilling becaus
14、e your mind response to pictures.Research conducted at Stanford University shows a mental image fires the nerve system the same way as actually doing something. That means when a golfer tells himself: ”Dont hit the ball into the water.” His mind sees the image of the ball flying into the water. So g
15、uess where the ball will go?Consequently, before going into any stressful situation, focus only on what you want to have happen. I asked the lawyer again how she wanted to appear at her first trial. And this time she said: ”I want to look professional and self-assured. ” I told her to create a pictu
16、re of what self-assured would look like. To her, it meant moving confidently around the court room, using convincing body language and projecting her voice, so it could be heard from the judges bench to the back door. She also imagined a skillful closing argument and a winning trial. A few weeks aft
17、er this positive stress（不确定）rehearsal, the young lawyer did win.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the passage you have just heard.Q9: what do some people do when they face a new situation?Q10: what does the research conducted at Stanford University show?Q11: what advice does the speaker give to people
18、in a stressful situation?Q12: what do we learn about the lawyer in the court?Passage 2Most Americans dont eat enough fruits, vegetables or whole grains, researchers now says adding fiber to teen diet may help lower the risk of breast cancer.Conversations about the benefits of fiber are probably more
19、 common in nursing homes than high schools. But along comes a new study that could change that. Kristi King，a diet specialist at Texas Childrens Hospital finds its hard to get teenager patients attention about healthy eating but telling them that eating lots of high-fiber foods could reduce the risk
20、 of breast cancer before middle age. Thats a powerful message.The new finding is based on a study of 44,000 women. They were surveyed about their diets during high school, and their eating habits were tracked for two decades. It turns out that those who consumed the highest levels of fiber during ad
21、olescence had a lower risk of developing breast cancer, compared to the women who ate the least fiber. This important study demonstrates that the more fiber you eat during your high school years, the lower your risk is in developing breast cancer in later life.The finding points to long-standing evi
22、dence that fiber may reduce circulating female hormone levels, which could explain the reduced risk. The bottom line here is the more fiber you eat, perhaps, a lower level of hormone in your body, and therefore, a lower lifetime risk of developing breast cancer. High-fiber diets are also linked to a
23、 reduced risk of heart disease and diabetes. Thats why women are told to eat 25 grams a fiber a day - men even more.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.Q13. What does the new study tell about adding fiber to the teen diet?Q14. What do we learn about the survey of the 44,0
24、00 women?Q15. What explanation does the speaker offer for the research finding?Well my current research is really about consumer behavior. So recently Ive looked at young peoples drinking and its obviously a major concern to Government at the moment.Ive also looked at how older people are represente
25、d in the media; again, its of major current interest with older people becoming a much larger proportion of UK and indeed world society.m also interested in how consumers operate online, and how that online behavior might be different from how they operate offline when they go to the shops.Well, I t
26、hink that the important thing here is to actually understand whats happening from the consumers perspective. One of the things that businesses and indeed Government organizations often fail to do is to really see what is happening from the consumers perspective.For example, in the case of young peop
27、les drinking, one of the things that Ive identified is that drinking for people say between the ages of 18 and 24 is all about the social activity.A lot of the Government advertising has been about individual responsibility, but actually understanding that drinking is very much about the social acti
28、vity and finding ways to help young people get home safely and not end up in hospital is one of the things that weve tried to present there.The key thing about consumer behavior is that its very much about how consumers change. Markets always change faster than marketing; so we have to look at what
29、consumers are doing.Currently I teach consumer behavior to undergraduates in their second year and we look at all kinds of things in consumer behavior and particularly how consumers are presented in advertising.So they get involved by looking at advertising and really critically assessing the consumer behavior aspects of it and getting involved sometimes doing primary research.For example, last year my students spent a week looking at th
