1、（3） Strengthening economic growth, at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere, could push the price higher still in the short term. （动名词-2002） 强劲的经济增长势头，随着北半球冬季的到来，有可能在短期内使石油价格涨得更高。（4） When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates
2、are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal. （不定式-2000）当一场新的艺术运动形成某种时尚时，理应弄清其倡导者的目标所在，因为无论他们的准则在今天看来是多么牵强附会、不可思议，将来都有可能被视为正常的。2. 定语（1） One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in o
3、il prices is that, unlike the rises in the 1970s, it has not occurred against the background of general commodity price inflation and global excess demand. （不定式-2002）另外一个不应因油价上升而失眠的原因是，与20世纪70年代不同，这次油价上升不是发生在普遍的物价暴涨及全球需求过旺背景之下。The ability to solve any problem or even to recognize that a problem exis
4、ts depends on memory.解决任何问题，甚至是识别问题存在的能力都取决于记忆。（2） The examples of Virtual Vineyards, Amazon. com, and other pioneers show that a Web site selling the right kind of products with the right mix of interactivity, hospitality, and security will attract online customers. （分词-1998）像Virtual Vineyards 和A及其
5、他开拓者的例子表明：一个销售适类商品的网站，如果将互动、热情服务、安全合理结合，肯定会吸引网上用户的。（3） Moreover, most of the changes that companies make are intended to keep them profitable, and this need not always mean increasing productivity；switching to new markets or improving quality can matter just as much. （从句-1998）另外，公司的大部分改革是为了赢利，而达到赢利的
6、目的不一定非要提高生产力，转入新的市场或改善产品质量也会有同样的功效。（4） The individual now has more information available than any generation, and the task of finding that one piece of information relevant to his or her specific problem is complicated, time consuming and sometimes even overwhelming. （形容词1995）今天，个人可获得的信息比任何时代的人都多，而要
7、找到一条与自己问题相关的信息既复杂又耗时，有时甚至相当困难。二、把握结构特征1根据词汇搭配辨认结构（1） It identifies the undertreatment of pain and the aggressive use of “ineffectual and forced medical procedures that may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying” as the twin problems of end-of-life care. （2002）报告确定了医院临终关怀护理中存在的两个问题：对病痛处理不力和大胆使
8、用“无效而强制性的医疗程序”，这些程序可能会延长死亡期，甚至会让病人临终时痛苦不堪。（2）In response, schools are modifying their programs, adapting instruction to children who are exceptional, to those who cannot profit substantially from regular programs.作为回应，学校也在调整课程安排，使授课能够适应特殊儿童，适应那些不能从常规课程中真正获益的儿童的需要。（3） I have been transformed from a p
9、assionate advocate of the philosophy of “having it all”, preached by Linda Kelsey for the past seven years in the pages of She magazine, into a woman who is happy to settle for a bit of everything. （2001）我已从一个“获得一切”哲学（琳达凯茜过去七年中在女性这本杂志所宣扬的）的狂热支持者，变成了一个乐于接受任何东西只要一丁点的女人。（4） But however amazed our desce
10、ndants may be at how far from Utopia we were, they will look just like us. （2000）但是，不管我们的子孙后代对我们离乌托邦的理想境界还差多远有多么惊讶，他们的样子会同我们差不了多少。2. 根据语法规则辨认结构（1） While in America the trend started as a reaction to the economic declineafter the mass redundancies caused by downsizing in the late80sand is still linke
11、d to the politics of thrift, in Britain, at least among the middle class downshifters of my acquaintance, we have different reasons for seeking to simplify our lives.在美国，这种趋势一开始是对经济衰落所做出的一种反应出现于80年代后期缩小经济规模所引起的大量人员冗余之后现在这种趋势仍被认为与节俭政治有关联；而在英国，至少在我所认识的愿意简化生活的中产阶级中，却有着不同的缘由去寻求使自己的生活简单化。（2） Again, diffe
12、rences between people and the opportunity for natural selection to take advantage of it have diminished. （2000）人与人之间的差异和利用差异进行自然选择的机会再一次失去。（3） The change met the technical requirements of the new age by engaging a large professional element and prevented the decline in efficiency that so commonly sp
13、oiled the fortunes of family firms in the second and third generation after the energetic founders.这种变革通过聘用大量专业人员来适应新时代的技术要求，并防止了效率的降低，而在过去这种低效率使得许多旧式家族企业在精力充沛的创业者之后的第二、三代手中破产倒闭。三、插入：1This, for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage, refers to discrimination against those whose surnames begin w
14、ith a letter in the lower half of the alphabet. （2004）对于那些还没有意识到存在这种不公平待遇的人，可以这么向他们解释：它指的是歧视那些姓氏字母在字母表中排得靠后的人。2Here is an example, which I heard at a nurses convention, of a story which works well because the audience all shared the same view of doctors. （2002）下面举一个例子，它是我在一个护士大会上听到的。这个故事效果很好，因为听众对医生
15、都有同样的看法。3Numerous other commercial enterprises, from theaters to magazine publishers, from gas and electric utilities to milk processors, bring better and more efficient services to consumers through the use of computers. （1994）许多其他商业企业，从剧院到杂志社、从燃气电器公司到牛奶加工厂都通过计算机的使用给消费者更好、效率更高的服务。4“Scientific” crea
16、tionism, which is being pushed by some for “equal time” in the classrooms whenever the scientific accounts of evolution are given, is based on religion, not science. （1996）所谓“科学的”造物主义理论的基础是宗教而不是科学，但在教学时每当对进化论进行科学论述时，有些人就用它来争得“同等数量的学时”。5If its message were confined merely to informationand that in it
17、self would be difficult if not impossible to achieve，for even a detail such as the choice of the colour of a shirt is subtly persuasiveadvertising would be so boring that no one would pay any attention. （1995）如果广告仅仅限于提供信息，那么就太枯燥乏味了，没有人再留意它，当然这样做本身不是不可能但是很难作到，因为甚至像选择衬衣颜色那样的细节也是具有劝诱性的。6The existence o
18、f the giant clouds was virtually required for the Big Bang, first put forward in the 1920s, to maintain its reign as the dominant explanation of the cosmos. （1998）巨大的宇宙云的存在，实际上是20年代首创的大爆炸论得以保持其宇宙起源论的主导地位不可缺少的。7In the early industrialized countries of Europe the process of industrializationwith all t
19、he far reaching changes in social patterns that followedwas spread over nearly a century, whereas nowadays a developing nation may undergo the same process in a decade or so. （2000）在先期实现工业化的欧洲国家中，其工业化进程以及随之而来的各种深刻的社会结构变革，持续了大约一个世纪之久，而如今一个发展中国家在十年左右就可能完成这个过程。8The emphasis on data gathered first-hand,
20、 combined with a cross-cultural perspective brought to the analysis of cultures past and present, makes this study a unique and distinctly important social science. （2003）强调收集第一手资料，加上在分析过去和现在文化形态时采用跨文化视角，使得这一研究成为一门独特并且非常重要的社会科学。9With regard to Futurist poetry, however, the case is rather difficult,
21、for whatever Futurist poetry may beeven admitting that the theory on which it is based may be rightit can hardly be classed as Literature. （2000）然而，就未来派诗歌而言，情况却大不相同，因为无论未来派诗歌为何物，即使承认其理论根据可能正确，也很难称之为文学。10Thus, the anthropological concept of “culture”, like the concept of “set” in mathematics, is an a
22、bstract concept which makes possible immense amounts of concrete research and understanding. （2003）因此，人类学中的“文化”概念就像数学中“集”的概念一样，是一个抽象概念。它使大量的具体研究和认识成为可能。人名、身份作为插入11The true enemies of science, argues Paul Ehrlich of Stanford University, a pioneer of environmental studies, are those who question the e
23、vidence supporting global warming, the depletion of the ozone layer and other consequences of industrial growth. （2003）作为环境研究的先驱者，斯坦福大学的保罗埃利希认为，科学的真正的敌人是那些对全球变暖、臭氧层稀薄和工业增长带来的其他后果的证据提出质疑的人。12Almost immediately word flashed on the Internet and was picked up, half a world away, by John Hofsess, executi
24、ve director of the Right to Die Society of Canada. （1997）几乎同时，该消息就出现在互联网上，被身处地球另一端的加拿大死亡权利组织的执行主席约翰霍夫塞斯收到。13For Lloyd Nickson, a 54-year-old Darwin resident suffering from lung cancer, the NT Rights of Terminally Ill law means he can get on with living without the haunting fear of his suffering: a t
25、errifying death from his breathing condition. （1997）对于居住于达尔文现年54岁的肺癌患者利奥德尼克森来说，这个法案意味着他可以平静地生活下去，而无需整天惧怕即将来临的苦难：因呼吸困难而在煎熬中痛苦地死去。14Nancy Dubler, director of Montefiore Medical Center, contends that the principle will shield doctors who “until now have very, very strongly insisted that they could not
26、give patients sufficient mediation to control their pain if that might hasten death”. （2002）蒙特非奥里医疗中心主任南希道布勒认为，这项原则将保护一些医生，他们直到现在还坚持说，在大量药物可能加速病人死亡的情况下，他们总不能给病人开足够的药来帮助他们止痛。在新闻报道体裁的文章中引用某专家的言论，多采用这种句式结构，即人名+职位+动词（contend, maintain，hold，believe等）+that引导的宾语从句。本文在第四段和第五段两次出现。15The great interest in exc
27、eptional children shown in public education over the past three decades indicates the strong feeling in our society that all citizens, whatever their special conditions, deserve the opportunity to fully develop their capabilities. （1994）过去三十年中，社会对特殊儿童接受普通教育的极大关注表明其强烈主张，任何公民，无论其个人条件如何，都应该得到充分发挥其潜能的机会
28、。16But many shippers complain that for heavy bulk commodities traveling long distances, such as coal, chemicals, and grain, trucking is too costly and the railroads therefore have them by the throat.但许多客户却抱怨说，对于长途运输的大宗货物来说，如煤炭，化学制品和粮食，公路运输成本太高，因此铁路公司就会掐他们的脖子。17The debate was launched by the Governme
29、nt, which invited anyone with an opinion of the BBC-including ordinary listeners and viewers-to say what was good or bad about the Corporation, and even whether they thought it was worth keeping.该争论是由政府发起的，它邀请所有对BBC持有见解的人包括普通听众和观众评说它的优劣，甚至讨论它有没有继续存在的必要。18Astrophysicists working with ground based det
30、ectors at the South Pole and balloon borne instruments are closing in on such structures, and may report their findings soon. （1998）天体物理学家使用南极陆基探测器和球载仪器，正在越来越近地观测这些云系，也许不久会报告他们的观测结果。19The current passion for making children compete against their classmates or against the clock produces a two-layer system, in which competitive A-types seem in some way better than their B-type fellows. （1995）目前，热衷于让孩子与同学竞争或与时间赛跑造成了一种双重体制，在这种体制中，竞争性的A型学生在某些方面似乎比B型的学生要好。分隔结构1 The only way I know of dealing with this general human conceit is to remind ourse
