1、15.例Thereisgoingtohaveafilmtonight.()Thereisgoingtobeafilmtonight.()析一般将来时用在Therebe句式中时,begoingto或will之后的动词原形只能用be,也就是说要用Thereis(are)goingtobe./Therewillbe.。16.例IllgohikingifitwontrainnextSunday.(IllgohikingifitdoesntrainnextSunday.()析习惯上在含有时间状语从句和条件状语从句的复合句中,如果主句的谓语动词用了一般将来时,从句的谓语动词要用一般现在时表示将来的动作。1
2、7.例Teachertoldusyesterdaythattheearthwentaroundthesun.(Teachertoldusyesterdaythattheearthgoesaroundthesun.()析习惯上在含有宾语从句的复合句中,主句的谓语动词用了一般过去时,从句的谓语动词要用过去的某种时态。但如果从句表述的是一客观事实或客观真理时,则不受主句时态的影响,而用一般现在时。18.Alltheballsarenotround.翻译成汉语:所有的球都不是圆的。()并不是所有的球都是圆的。()析all,every,both等词和not连用时,not通常放在all,every,bot
3、h的后面,一般情况下表示部分否定,意为“并非都”。19.例:Hedidntgotoschoolyesterday,didhe?-_,thoughhedidntfeelverywell.A.No,hedidnt()B.Yes,hedid()例:Dontyouusuallycometoschoolbybike?-_.ButIsometimeswalk.A.No,Idont()B.Yes,Ido()析习惯上英语中的yes意为“是的”,no意为“不”,但在“前否后肯”的反意疑问句或否定疑问句中,yes意为“不”,no意为“是的”。20.Excuseme,isthesupermarketfarfromh
4、ere?-No,itsabout_.A.7minuteswalkB.7minutewalkC.7minuteswalkD.7minuteswalk答案为C。本题考查名词所有格用法。当名词的复数以-s结尾时,则只需要加“”即可,则“7分钟的距离”为“7minuteswalk”。21.YoucannotimaginehowmuchI_onthisdress.Isitbeautiful?A.paidB.tookC.costD.spent剖析答案为D。本题考察四个表“花费”的动词辨析。主语为人,且和介词on搭配的动词是spend。22.Doyouknow_universitystudentwhoist
5、alkingwithJoe?-Yes,she,smycousin,Kate.A.aB.anC.theD./剖析答案为C。university虽然以元音字母u开头,但其前若使用不定冠词时,则要用a.不过此题中不能使用不定冠词,而是特指和Joe说话的那个大学生,故要选the。23.Thenumberofgiantpandasisgetting_becausetheirlivingareasarebecomingfarmlands.A.lessandlessB.largerandlargerC.smallerandsmallerD.fewerandfewer句意为“大熊猫的数量越来越少因为他们的生存
6、空间正逐渐变成农场”。本题中四个选项都是“比较级+and+比较级”的结构,表示“越来越”。主语为number,只能和large或small搭配。而结合句意可判断答案为C。24.Becarefulwhenyoucome_thestreet,becausethetrafficisverybusyatthemoment.A.acrossB.behindC.betweenD.over剖析答案为A。本题考察方位介词的用法。“过马路”一般为表面横穿,因此要用across。25.Doyouoftencleanyourclassroom?-Yes,ourclassroom_everyday.A.cleanB.
7、cleansC.iscleanedD.Cleaned句中有everyday,主语为ourclassroom,故要用一般现在时的被动语态。26.Lucyusuallycleansthecageeverytwodays.(对画线部分提问)_Lucyusuallycleanthecage?剖析答案为Howoftendoes。对everytwodays提问要用howoften。27.Ididntunderstand_,soIraisedmyhandtoask.A.whatmyteachersaysB.whatdoesmyteachersayC.whatmyteachersaidD.whatdidmyt
8、eachersay本题为宾语从句,由于需要用陈述语序可排除B、D;另外,主句时态为一般过去时,则从句也要用对应的过去时态,故还可排除A。28.Howmuch_theshoes?Fivedollars_enough.A.is;isB.are;isC.are;areD.is;are剖析答案为B。shoes作主语时,谓语动词应用复数形式;fivedollars是一个整体,应按单数对待。29.误Wegottothetopofthemountainindaybreak.正Wegottothetopofthemountainatdaybreak.析at用于具体时刻之前,如:sunrise,midday,n
9、oon,sunset,midnight,night。30.误Dontsleepatdaytime正Dontsleepindaytime.析in要用于较长的一段时间之内,如:inthemorning/afternoon,或intheweek/month/year.或inspring/supper/autumn/winter等等。31.误Hebecameawriterathistwenties.正Hebecameawriterinhistwenties.析这句话应译为:他在20多岁时就成了作家。在某人的一段生活时间段中要用介词in来表示,而在具体岁数时用at来表示。32.误Wewenttoswim
10、intheriverinaveryhotday.正Wewenttoswimintheriveronaveryhotday.析具体某一天要用介词on,又如:onNewYearsDay33.误ImlookingforwardtoseeingyouonChristmas.正ImlookingforwardtoseeingyouatChristmas.析在节日的当天用on,而全部节日期间用at,Christmas是圣诞节期间,一般要有两周或更长的时间。34.误Ihaventseeyouduringthesummerholidays.正Ihaventseenyousincethebeginningoft
11、hesummerholidays.析during表示在某一段时间之内,所以一般不与完成时搭配,如:Ivisitedalotofmuseumsduringtheholiday.而for表示一段时间,可以用于完成时,如:Ihaventseeyouforalongtime.而through用来表示时间时则为整整,全部的时间。如:Itrainedthroughthenight.而since则是表达主句动作的起始时间,一般要与完成时连用。35.误Atenteringtheclassroom,Iheardthegoodnews.正Onenteringtheclassroom,Iheardthegoodne
12、ws.析On加动名词表示一就本句的译文应是:我一进入教室就听见这个好消息了。又如:onhearing一听见,onarrival一到达就(on表示动作的名词)36.误Inthebeginningofthebook,therearesomeinterestingstories.正Atthebeginningofthebook,therearesomeinterestingstories.析atthebeginning与attheend都是指某事物的开始与结束部分,均不指时间范围,而inthebeginning则是指开始一段时间。intheend=atlast是指最终,终于之意。37.误Tillth
13、eendofnextweek.Iwillhavefinishedthiswork.正Bytheendofnextweek.Iwillhavefinishedthiswork.析by引起的时间状语表示了动作的截止点,其意思为不迟于某一时刻将工作做完,所以主句一般是完成时态。当然可以有将来时态,如:Illbetherebyfiveclock.而till则表达其一动作一直持续到某一时刻,但句中的动词一定要用持续性动词,而瞬间的截止性动词应用其否定句式,如:Iwontfinishthisworktill(until)nextweekend.38.误HecametoLondonbeforelastwee
14、kend.正HehadcometoLondonbeforelastweekend.正HecametoLondontwoweeksago.析before一般要与完成时连用,而ago则与一般过去时连用。39.误IhavestudiedEnglishforthreeyearssinceIhadcomehere.正IhavestudiedEnglishforthreeyearssinceIcamehere.析since用来表达主句动作的开始时间,所以其引出的从句中应为过去时,而不能用完成时态。40.误Icanhelpyourepairthisbike.Youwillgetitaftertwohours
15、.正Icanhelpyourepairthisbike.Youwillgetitintwohours.析中文经常讲两小时之后来取,两天内会修好,而这个介词在英文中要用in而不要用after。其原因有二,after多用于过去时,如:IarrivedinNewYork.Afterthreedays,Ifoundajobinthebank.after加时间是表达一个不确定的时间范围,如:afterthreedays,即三天之后的哪一天都可以。所以在许诺若干时间内会完成某事时,一定要用介词in。41.误Threedaysafterhedied.正Afterthreedayshedied.正Threed
16、ayslaterhedied.析after与later都可以用来表达一段时间之后,但它们所处的位置不同,after在时间词前,而later在时间词后。42.误Shehidherselfafterthetree.正Shehidherselfbehindthetree.析after多用来表达某动作之后,所以有的语法书中称它为动态介词,如:Irunafterhim.Afterfinishingmyhomework,Iwenttoseeafilm.而behind则多用于静态事物之后。43.误Thereisabeautifulbirdonthetree.正Thereisabeautifulbirdint
17、hetree.析树上长出的果实,树叶要用on,而其他外来的人、物体均要用inthetree.44.误ShanghaiisontheeastofChina.正ShanghaiisintheeastofChina.析在表达地理位置时有3个介词:in,on,to。in表示在某范围之内;on表示与某地区接壤;to则表示不相接。JapanistotheeastofChina.45.误IarrivedatNewYorkonJuly2nd.正IarrivedinNewYorkonJuly2nd.析at用来表达较小的地方,而in用来表达较大的地方。at常用于attheschoolgate,athome,ata
18、busstop,atthestation,atthecinema,atasmallvillage。46.误HelivedinNo.3BeijingRoad.正HelivedatNo.3BeijingRoad.析在门牌号码前要用at,并要注意它的惯用法:attheendofthestreet,atthefootofthemountain,atthetopofthepage。47.误ThereisacolourTVsetatthecornerofthehall.正ThereisacolourTVsetinthecornerofthehall.析在屋内的角落应用in,而墙的外角用at,如:There
19、isatreeatthecornerofthestreet.48.误Doyouknowthereissomegoodnewsontodaysnewspaper?正Doyouknowthereissomegoodnewsintodaysnewspaper?析在报纸上的新闻要用in,而在具体某一版上,或某一页上则要用on。49.误TheschoolwillbeginonSeptember1st.正SchoolwillbeginonSeptember1st.析这里的school应看作不可数名词泛指学校的课程,即开学之意。要注意,有些活动场所当表达正在从事该种活动时不要加冠词,如:attable(吃饭
20、),WhenIcametoTomshome,theywereattable.还有:atdesk(学习),atwork(工作)atschool(上学),inhospital(住医院)atchurch作礼拜如加上定冠词则另有他意,如:attheschool即在学校工作或办事,inthehospital即在医院工作或去看望病人。50.误IllleaveBeijingtoShanghaitomorrow.正IllleaveBeijingforShanghai.正IllleaveforShanghai.析leavefor是离开某地去某处的固定搭配,不可将for改为别的介词。这样的搭配还有:startfo
21、r动身前往某处,setoutfor,sailfor。51.误Imsorry.Ihavetogetoutthebusatnextstop.正Imsorry.Ihavetogetoutofthebusatnextstop.析getin,与getout是两个相反的词组。getin为上车,而getout为下车,但语法家认为这里的in与out为副词,所以其后不能接名词,我们可以讲Wedbettergetin.或Wedbettergetout.还有一组词组有关上下车:geton/off(atrain,aship,astruck)getinto/outof(acar,taxi)52.误BecarefulTh
22、etemperatureofthewaterisninetydegreesoverzero.正Becareful.Thetemperatureofthewaterisninetydegreesabovezero.析over与above在作为比某物高的意思时有时可以互换。但在垂直方向上的高矮时,即正上方时则要用above.而泛指上方时用over.53.误TheDeadSeaisunderthesealevel.正TheDeadSeaisbelowthesealevel.析在垂直下方要用below.也就是讲above与below互为反意词,over与under也是反意词。54.误Thereisab
23、igtreeinthefrontofthehouse.正Thereisabigtreeinfrontofthehouse.infrontof是在物体外部的前面,而inthefrontof是在物体内部的前面,如:Thedriversitsinthefrontofthebus.55.误Ittookthemtwodaystowalkacrosstheforest.正Ittookthemtwodaystowalkthroughtheforest.析across作为介词有两个主要意思:横过,如:Iwanttowalkacrossthestreet.对面,如:Thereisapostofficeacros
24、sthestreet,而through多用于三维空间中的穿越。across则多用于平面上的横过。Thelittlegirlranacrosstheroomtomeethermother.56.误Thesunsetstowardthewest.正Thesunsetsinthewest.析towards也可用作toward,它主要表达朝向某方向运动,但不一定到达,如:Herantoward(s)themountain.而在表示方位east,west,north,south时,其前面要用in。要注意的是这4个词可以用作副词,如:Iwentsouth.也可用作名词,如:Iwenttothesouth.
25、也可用作形容词,如:IwenttothesouthpartofChina.57.误CanIwritetheexampaperwithink?正CanIwritetheexampaperwithapen?正CanIwritetheexampaperinink?析with后要加拿得起来放得下的工具,而墨水、颜料等原料则要用in。58.误Imearliertoday.Icameherebyhiscar.正Imearliertoday.Icamehereinhiscar.析在交通工具前加介词by,但不能再有任何指示代词或冠词,否则要改换相应的介词。bytaxi=inataxibytrain=inatr
26、ainbybicycle=onabicyclebyship=onaship59.误AlotofFrenchwinesaremadeofgrape.正AlotofFrenchwinesaremadefromgrape.析madeof是指由原材料到成品过程中原材料未发生质地的变化,而发生了某种变化则要用from,如:Thedeskwasmadeofhardwood.60.误ThisisagooddictionaryinEnglishgrammar.正ThisisagooddictionaryonEnglishgrammar.析关于某方面的书籍、报告等有两个介词,其中on表示某专业用书,about则
27、为某方面的普通读物,如:Thisisabookaboutphysics.即物理科普知识。61.误Doyouhavethekeyofthedoor.正Doyouhavethekeytothedoor.析keytothedoor门的钥匙。相同用法还有answertothequestion,entrancetothehighway,dangertohealth.千万不要用of。62.误Ididntdomyhomework,sotheteacherwasangrytome.正Ididntdomyhomework,sotheteacherwasangrywithme.析beangrywith其后接人,而beangryat其后接事。Hewasangryatwhatshesaid.63.误Hewasgoodforskating.正Hewasgoodatskating.析begoodat为“擅长某事”,而begoodforsomebody为对某人很好。64.误Itwasgoodtoyoutohelpmylittleboy.正Itwasgoodofyoutohelpmylittleboy.你真太好了,帮助了我的小孩。而begoodtosomebody是对某人态度好。H