1、引导主语从句的连接词主要有三类：连接词that，whether; 连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever；连接副词when, where, why, how等。1.连接词that，whether引导That the college will take in more new students this year is true.今年这所大学将招收更多新生是真的。Whether he can finish his task on time is of great importance.他是
2、否能按时完成任务非常重要。特别提示（1）if不能引导主语从句。（2）形式主语it替代主语从句。常见的it替代主语从句的句式主要有以下几种：AIt+系动词+形容词+that从句。如：It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure很清楚，整个计划注定要失败。BIt+系动词+名词+that从句。It is our hope that the two sides will work towards peace我们的希望是双方能朝着和平的方向发展。C. It + be + v.ed形式+that从句。It is announce
3、d that the plan has been successfully carried out.据宣布计划已经顺利实施。2.连接代词引导What we cant get seems better than what we already have.我们得不到的东西似乎比我们拥有的东西好。Who the letter was from is still unknown这封信是谁寄出的还不清楚。Whichever of you gets here first will get the prize你们当中第一个到达这里的人将获得奖项。3.连接副词引导How acupuncture reduces
4、 and relieves pain is unclear针灸是如何减轻和解除疼痛的还不清楚。Why dinosaurs suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery恐龙为什么突然消失了还是个谜。【典例】Your support is important to our work. _ you can do helps.A. However B. Whoever C. Whatever D. Wherever【答案】C【解析】题目考查主语从句。helps是谓语，“_ you can do”是主语部分，即主语从句。在主语从句中，do后缺少宾语，表示“任何
5、事情”，因此用whatever引导，故选C。考点2 宾语从句引导宾语从句的连接词主要有三类：连接词that，whether, if等，连接代词what, whose, who, whatever, whichever, whoever等，连接副词when, where, why, how等。1.连接词that, whether, if引导I think （that） you should turn to the teacher for help.我认为你应该向老师寻求帮助。I dont know if/whether he still lives here after so many year
6、s.我不知道这么多年后他是否还住在这儿。1.whether/if都意为“是否”。一般情况下，它们可以互换，口语中常用if，但以下情况中，只能用whether。（1）与or not紧接连用时。Let me know whether or not you can come请让我知道你是否能来。（2）作介词的宾语从句时。We are interested in whether you will attend the meeting我们对你是否参加会议感兴趣。2.连接代词和连接副词引导。连接代词有what，who, whose, whatever, whichever, whoever等，连接副词有w
7、hen, where, why, how等。She asked me whose handwriting was the best in class.她问我班上谁的书法最好。Ill just say whatever comes into my mind.我想到什么就说什么。Do you know when the ancient Olympic Games began?你知道古代的奥运会是什么时间开始的吗？Ive been thinking about how we can make the newspaper more interesting我一直在考虑如何使我们的报纸更有趣。3宾语从句的
8、语序在宾语从句中要用陈述句语序。He asked me when we could set out the next day他问我第二天什么时候可以出发。Did you find out where she lost her car?你查出她在哪里丢的车了吗?4宾语从句的时态（1）当主语的谓语动词是一般现在时，其宾语从句的时态是任何适当的时态。She says（that）she works from Monday to Friday.她说她周一至周五上班。（从句是一般现在时）She says（that）she will leave a message on his desk.她说她要在他桌子上
9、留个便条。（从句是一般将来时）She says（that）she has never been to Mount Emei她说她从来没有去过峨眉山。（从句是现在完成时）（2）当主句的谓语动词是一般过去式时，其宾语从句的时态一般要用适当的过去时态。He said there were no classes yesterday afternoon他说昨天下午没有课。（从句是一般过去时）He said that he was going to take care of the baby.他说他会去照看这个婴儿。（从句时过去将来时）He said that they were having a mee
10、ting at that time.他说他们那时正在开会。（从句是过去进行时）（3）当宾语从句是表达客观真理和规律的句子时，其时态仍旧用一般现在时。The teacher told us that nothing is difficult if we put our hearts into it。老师告诉我们世上无难事，只怕有心人。He said that light travels much faster than sound他说光比声音传播得快。We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, h
11、alf of _ it used to charge.A. that B. which C. what D. how【答案】C 【解析】考查宾语从句。half of _ it used to charge是$20的同位语，即原来价格的一半是现在的$20。另外，of后跟名词或名词短语构成介宾短语。所以，这里是宾语从句；宾语从句中的charge后面缺少宾语，所以用what来引导宾语从句，并充当宾语从句的宾语，故选C。考点3 表语从句常用连接词that, whether;连接代词who, whom, whose, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever,
12、whatever;连接副词when, where, how, why引导。1.连接词引导The reason for his absence is that he hasnt been informed.他缺席的原因就是他没接到通知。The question remains whether they will be able to help us问题还是他们能否帮我们。2连接代词和连接副词引导The problem is who will take charge of this shop问题是谁将接管这家店铺。That is when I realized the importance of
13、journalism那时我才意识到新闻工作的重要性。（1）as/as if/as though引导的表语从句常跟在特定动词的后面，如：seem, appear, look, taste, sound, feel等。It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door.听上去好像有人在敲门。At that time, it seemed as though I couldnt think of the right word.当时我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。（2）当主句的主语是reason时，表语从句一般由that引导，这种用法常见于句型The r
14、eason whyis that.如：The reason why he came late was that he got up late.他来得晚是因为起床晚了。The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is _ one can be entirely free from dust.A. what B. that C. whether D. why【答案】B【解析】句意：雨季最令人愉悦的就是人们可以完完全全不再受到沙尘的困扰。is 后跟从句作表语，即表语从句。表语从句不缺少主语，谓语和宾语，因此用that, that只起引导作用，故选B。考点4
15、 同位语从句同位语从句在句子中作某一名词的同位语，一般位于该名词之后，说明该名词的具体内容。这些名词常见的有idea，fact，news，hope，belief，thought，doubt，promise，suggestion，order等。1通常用连词that引导同位语从句，that无词义，也不作句子成分，但不能省略。注意从句用陈述句语序。They expressed the hope that we would go and visit Shanghai again他们表示希望我们再去访问上海。I have no idea that she quit her present job.我不知
16、道她辞掉了现在的工作。Given me your promise that you will come to our party this evening.你答应我，今天晚上会来参加我们的聚会。2.同位语从句还可以用whether, when, where, why, how等引导，如：The student ask me the question whether the book was worth reading.学生问了我这个问题：这本书是否值得一读。I have no idea why he was excited at that time我不知道当时他激动的原因。 The manag
17、er put forward a suggestion _ we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do.A. whether B. that C. which D. what 经理提出一个建议，我们应该有个助手。有太多的工作要做。使用同位语从句说suggestion的内容，而且同位语从句成分和意思都是完整的。用that引导，that不作成分，只是起着连接作用。故选B。一、语法填空1.【2018.全国卷】Im not sure 61 is more frightened, me or the female gorilla（大
18、猩猩） that suddenly appears out of nowhere.2.【2018.浙江卷11月】It is possible 63 caffeine may cause birth defects in humans, too.二、单项填空3.【2018.江苏】21. By boat is the only way to get here, which is we arrived.A. where B. when C. why D. how4.【2018.天津】9.The gold medal will be awarded to _ wins the first place
19、in the bicycle race.A. whomever B. wherever C. whoever D. whatever5.【2018.北京】11.Without his support, we wouldnt be_ we are now.A. how B. when C. where D. why6.【2018.北京】15.This is _ my father has taught me-to always face difficulties and hope for the best.A. how B. which C. that D. what7.【2017北京】23.
20、Every year, _ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.A. whatever B. whoever C. whomever D. whichever8.【2017北京】26. Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing _she was heading.A. why B. where C. how D. when9.【2017江苏】26. We choose this hotel because the pr
21、ice for a night here is down to $20, half of _ it used to charge.A. that B. which C. what D. how10.【2017天津】4. She asked me _ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadnt.A. when B. where C. whether D. what11.【2016北京】24. Your support is important to our work. _ you can do help
22、s.A. However B. Whoever C. Whatever D. Wherever12.【2016北京】29. The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is _ one can be entirely free from dust.A. what B. that C. whether D. why13.【2016江苏】21.It is often the case _anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.A. why B. what C.as D. that14.【201
23、6天津】11. The manager put forward a suggestion _ we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do. A. whether B. that C. which D. what 单项选择1. 【江苏省五校2019届高三12月联考】That preserved historic village connected to downtown by a highway is _ many office workers spend their weekends.Awhat Bhow Cwhere D
24、why2【南京市盐城市2019届高三年级第一次模拟】Never turn down a job because you think its too small. You dont know _ it can lead.Ahow Bwhere Cwhether Dwhat3【2019年江苏省扬州市高三英语期末考试】I am impressed with Chinas commitment to its climate goals, evidenced by the fact we are sure of _ China has met its 2020 targets three years a
25、head of schedule.Athat Bwhich Cwhat Dwhere4【天津市第一中学2019届高三上学期第三次月考】Save your apology for you really make everything a mess.Aunless Bonce Cwhen Dthough5【黑龙江省牡丹江市第一高级中学2019届高三上学期期末】It was the belief _ he could find his “root” in Africa _ made Alex Haley decide to go to Gambia.Athat; where Bwhere; that
26、 Cthat; that Dhow; which6【江苏省五校2019届高三12月联考】That preserved historic village connected to downtown by a highway is _ many office workers spend their weekends.7【江苏省南京市六校联合体2019届高三上学期12月联考】I really dont know _ she gets by on such a modest salary.Awhat Bwhy Chow Dthat8【江苏省新草桥中学2019届高三上学期12月月考】-How do yo
27、u think I can make up with Tom?-Put aside _you disagree and try to find _ you have in common.Awhat; what Bwhat; where Cwhere; what Dwhat; whether9【江苏省海安高级中学2019届高三12月月考】Confidence helps you to take a leap of faith when it comes to going after _it is that you truly desire.Awhy Bwhat Cwhere Dhow10【江苏省
28、江都中学、华罗庚中学等13校2019届高三上学期12月联合调研】It is a different world but one _ offers huge challenges to ambitious young people interested in _ our universe works.Awhich; what Bwhich; why Cthat; how Dthat; that11【江苏省镇江市2019届高三上学期期中考试】Stephen Hawkings crowning achievement was his prediction in the 1970s _ black holes can emit energy, despite the classical view that nothing can escape their gravity.Awhen Bwhat Chow Dthat12【2019届江苏省扬州市高
