1、虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if，把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。例如：Had I been（= If I had been ） in that situation， I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.Should there be （= If there should be） a drought， what should we do at that time ？2. 错综时间条件句有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致，这时谓语动词的形式应根据它所要表示的具体时间来确定
2、。If we hadnt been working hard in the past few years ，things wouldnt be going so smoothly.3. 含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来，而是通过某个介词或介词短语（如：with，otherwise，without，but for，in that position）、上下文或其它方式表现出来。这种句子称为含蓄条件句。But for the help from you ， I would not have had the chance to go to college.二、虚拟语气在某些从句中的
3、运用在某些词或短语后接的从句中要使用虚拟语气，表示愿望、建议或命令等。根据虚拟语气的形式不同，虚拟语气可以分为“should类”和“过去时态类”。（一）should类这一类的虚拟语气是通过从句中的谓语动词使用“should +动词原形”体现出来的，should可以省略。其具体运用体现在：1. 在suggest ， order， demand ， propose， command， request， desire，insist等表示建议、命令、要求、意见的动词后接的宾语从句中要使用虚拟语气。如：He suggests that she should leave the house at once
4、.The leader ordered that the task（should） be finished as soon as possible.He proposed that we （should）deal with the problem by the view of development.2. 与suggest，order，demand，propose，command，request，desire，insist等动词相对应的名词suggestion，order，demand，proposal等后的表语从句或同位语从句中要使用虚拟语气。如：The general sent the o
5、rder that the battle（should）be held on until the complete failure of the enemy.My proposal is that we（should） set a deadline for handing in the plan.3. 在It is/was suggested （ordered，demanded，proposed，etc.）结构以及necessary，essential，important，strange，natural等形容词后的主语从句中要使用虚拟语气。Its requested that we （shou
6、ld）keep the stability of the society for the peoples peaceful life.It is necessary that the badly wounded man（should） be treated immediately.（二）过去时态类英语中，还有一些词或短语后接的从句或句子，也要使用虚拟语气，虚拟语气是通过句中的谓语使用过去的某种时态（如：一般过去时、过去完成时等）来体现的。1. wish，would rather 后的宾语从句。He wished he had never been involved in such affair
7、s.I would rather you could teach me again.2. as if，as though引导的从句。The little boy knows so many things as if he was a man.He acted as usual as though nothing had happened.3. 由if only （要是，那该多好啊！）引导的惊叹句。If only I had passed the test！If only it stopped raining！4. It is（about/high） time 后的定语从句。It is time
8、 we went out for a walk.It was high time they had begun to prepare the experiment.三、虚拟语气的其它用法在英语中，一些表示建议、请求、劝告、愿望、祈祷、祝福或诅咒的句子，也需要使用虚拟语气。Would you mind smoking here？May you be lucky！Long live the people of China！God save me.虚拟语气练习题1Donald. J. Trump insists that he _ the phone in his Government office
9、 all the time, instead of his own cellphone and that the New York Times _ the fake news.Auses; stops Buse; stopsCuses; stop Duse; stop【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查insist的用法。句意：Donald. J. Trump坚称他一直在使用政府办公室的电话，而不是自己的手机，并且坚持要求纽约时报应该停止报道虚假信息。第一个insist表示“坚持说”， insist表示“坚持说”“坚持认为”，从句所指的通常是已经发生的事或已存在的状态，谓语一般用陈述语气，本从句根据
10、主句用一般现在时。第二个insist表示“坚持要”后接宾语从句，宾语从句通常用虚拟语气（即should+动词原形），should可以省略。故C选项正确。【点睛】insist其后可接that-从句，但要根据意思的不同而分清两种情况：（1）表示“坚持要”“一定要”，从句所指的一般是尚未实现的事实，此时谓语通常用虚拟语气（即should+动词原形），而且引导词that一般不省略（尤其是当已经省略 should 时）。（2） 表示“坚持说”“坚持认为”，从句所指的通常是已经发生的事或已存在的状态，谓语一般用陈述语气，引导词 that 可省略。根据句子的语境以及句意，可以判断出insist后接了两个宾语
11、从句，insist第一个意思是表示“坚持说”，所以从句用陈述性的语气，且句子为一般现在时，所以用uses。而insist第二个意思表示“坚持要”，所以从句谓语动词用虚拟语气（即should+动词原形），所以用use。综上所述，C选项正确。2 it rain tomorrow, we would have to call off the hike.AWill BWould CShould DWere试题分析：如果明天下雨，我们将取消这次徒步旅行。表示对将来情况的虚拟。从句：if+主语+were to do if+主语+should+do if+主语+过去式（be动词用were），主句：主语+sh
12、ould/would+do。当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were,should,had时，if可以省略，这时条件从句要用倒装语序，即把were,should,had等词置于句首，选C。考点：考查虚拟语气3Wouldnt you rather your child_ successful with his study and on the scholarship?Abecome BbecameCwould become Dbecomes【答案】B难道你不想让你的孩子在学业上成功，获得奖学金吗？would rather后面的从句用虚拟语气，和现在相反的情况用一般过去式，所以选B。4If it _ n
13、ot for all the cars and passers-by with cameras, you _ think you have magically traveled back to the 14 century.Ais will Bhad been wouldCwere will Dweremight【答案】D如果不是因为所有的汽车和带照相机的过路人，你可能会认为你奇迹般的回到了14世纪。从句意看，这是一种不真实的情况，用虚拟语气，因为是和现在相反的情况，所以if的从句用be动词的过去时were，主句用情态动词might do，所以选D。考查情态动词和虚拟语气5- Shall I
14、open the window to let some fresh air in?- No,_AId rather not BId rather you notCId rather you didnt DId like not to考查虚拟语气和省略的用法。-用不用我打开窗户透透气。-不用了，我宁愿你不打开。A. Id rather not是Id rather not open the window的省略句，意思是“我不愿意去开窗”。B. Id rather you not，Id rather后不跟you not结构，B项语法不正确。C. Id rather you didnt Id rath
15、er后可跟从句，虚拟语气，从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时态，表示与现实相反D. Id like not to此项语法不正确 应该用wouldnt like to do sth.。故选C。 6_there were more people donating money to charity collections!AOnly if BIf onlyCWhat if DHow about考查固定句式。A. Only if 只要；B. If only要是；C. What if假使-将会怎样；D. How about觉得怎么样。要是有更多的人捐款给慈善机构就好了！if only要是就好了。根据句意可知选
16、B。【名师点睛】Only if只要，引导条件状语从句；If only要是-就好了，if only 与 I wish一样，也用于表示与事实相反的愿望，其后所虚拟语气的时态与 wish 后所接时态的情况相同：If only she had had more courage! 她再勇敢一些就好了。If only it would stop raining! 雨要是停了就好了。If only he didnt drive so fast. 但愿他车没开得那么快。【友情提示】if only 通常独立使用，没有主句。7The newly elected president required at the
17、meeting that the problem _ be solved before the National Day.Amust BneedCcan Dshould考查虚拟语气。新当选的总统在会议上要求这个问题在国庆节前必须解决。require表示“要求”之意时，后面跟宾语从句时，要用虚拟语气should +动词原形，should可以省略。故选D。【名师解析】should+动词原形的虚拟语气。在表示“坚持”、“命令”、“建议”、“要求”等后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。这类动词主要有 ：“一个坚持（insist）、两个命令（order, command）、三个建议（advise, suggest
18、, propose）、四个要求（demand, require, request, ask）”这类虚拟语气由“should+动词原形”构成，其中的should通常可以省略。如 He insisted that I （should） go with them. 他坚持要我同他们一起去。He ordered that it （should） be sent back. 他命令把它送回去。The doctor advised suggested that he （should） not smoke. 医生建议他不要抽烟。He requires that I （should） appear. 他要求我
19、出场。注：这类句子有时可用于被动结构，前面用先行词it作主语，代指后面的从句。It was proposed that this matter be discussed next time. 有人提议这事下次再讨论。动词insist后接宾语从句时除可用虚拟语气外，也可用陈述语气。两者的区别是若是谓语动词所表示的动作尚未发生或尚未成为事实，则用虚拟语气；若谓语动词所表示的动作已经发生或已经成为事实，则要用陈述语气。比较：He insisted that I had read his letter. 他坚持说我看过他的信。He insisted that I should read his let
20、ter. 他坚持要我看他的信。与动词insist相似，动词suggest后接宾语从句时除可用虚拟语气外，也可用陈述语气。两者的区别是，若表示建议时用虚拟语气，此时suggest通常译为“建议”。如果译成“表明，暗示”时，则要用陈述语。比较并体会。He suggested that we （should） stay for dinner. 他建议我们留下吃饭。What he said suggested that he was a cheat. 他说的话表明他是个骗子。8How do you find the health club?I _ it. Everyone is saying its
21、management is going from bad to worse.Aought to join Bshould have joinedCwould like to have joined Dwould rather not have joined考查情态动词与虚拟语气。你认为这个健身俱乐部怎么样? 我宁愿没参加。每个人都说它的管理每况愈下。本题是表示与现在的事实相反。A项表示“我应该加入”，说的是现在的情况，与语境不符，A项错误；should have done本应该做某事，实际上却未做；would like to have done本想要做某事；would rather not h
22、ave done宁愿没有做某事。D项符合语境。9William was late. He _ earlier if he was really serious about the interview.Amay have come Bshould be comingCought to have come Dmust have come考查情态动词+完成式。William迟到了。如果他真的在意这场面试的话，他本该早点来的。ought to have done=should have done本应该做却没有做。10【2018滨海7校联考】But for your instruction, I _ s
23、uch great progress in so short a time. Thanks a lot.Awouldnt make Bhadnt madeCwont make Dwouldnt have made考查情态动词+have done。要不是你的指导，在这么短的时间内，我不会取得如此大的进步。根据but for要不是，句子用虚拟语气，相当于if非真实条件句的主语，此处与过去的事实相反，故主句用would have done结构，根据句意可知答案为D。11What a shame! We misunderstood each other for such a long time.Yes
24、, I wish I _ with you earlier.Acommunicate Bhad communicatedCcommunicated Dwould communicate真遗憾!我们彼此误解了很长时间。我真希望早点和你交流过。wish后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气，此处与过去的事实相反，所以用过去完成时态，故选B。虚拟语气用于wish后的宾语从句中动词wish后的宾语从句中，谓语动词须用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反或不大可能实现的愿望。通常有三种形式：对将来发生的事情表示祝愿或愿望时，宾语从句的谓语用：would（could, might）+动词原形。例：I wish he would t
25、ry again. 我希望他再试一次。表示与现在事实相反的愿望时，宾语从句的谓语用一般过去时或过去进行时。I wish I knew how to program the new computer. 我希望我知道如何给这台新电脑编程。对过去发生的事情表示遗憾或后悔时，宾语从句的谓语用“过去完成时或could/would have done”的形式。I wish you had come to our New Years party. 我真希望你来参加了我们的新年晚会。12_ what would happen the following day, they would have reconsi
26、dered their thoughts.ADid they know BWere they to know CHad they known Dshould they know考查虚拟语气和倒装。如果他们知道第二天会发生什么，他们就会重新考虑他们的想法。此句是if从句和过去事实相反的情况，从句用had+过去分词，主句用would/could/should/ might +have+过去分词。这种虚拟条件句可以把had提前，省去if，故选C。If虚拟条件句如果含有had/should/were时，可省略if把句子倒装，把had/should/were提到主语前面。1. If I were you
27、, I would take his advice.Were I you, I would take his advice.2. If I had known about the lecture, I would have taken it.Had I known about the lecture, I would have taken it.3. If there should be a letter for me, please keep it in the drawer.Should there be a letter for me, please keep it in the drawer.13I wish I _ photography then. If so, I could give you a hand at present.Astudied Bhad studiedChave studied Dwill study我当时要是学摄影就好了。如果是的话，我现在可以帮你一下。此处考查动词wish后跟宾语从句，用虚拟语气。表示与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时。故选B.虚拟语气用在wish后的宾语从句中，（常常省去连词that），表示不可能实现的愿望。1.表示与现在事实相反的愿望构成：主语 + wish （that） + 从句主语 +动词过
