1、 introduce给作序；介绍【链接】precedent n.先例preceding a.在前的，在先的predecessor n.前辈，前任考法一般是表示 在之前【真题连线】1996 Passage 4A further stimulus to invention came from the “premium” system, which preceded our patent system and for years ran parallel with it. This approach, originated abroad, offered inventors medals, cash
2、 prizes and other incentives. 推动发明的另一刺激因素来自“奖赏”制度，它产生于我们专利制度之前，且多年来与后者一同实施。这种做法来自国外，为发明者颁发奖章、奖金和其他奖励。proceed PRi【构词】pro向前+ceed行走，前进向前走前进n.1. to go forward or onward 进行，继续下去（常与with, to + inf连用） 2. originate or issue源于起源或开始（常与from连用） 3. to move on in an orderly manner依次进行下去【链接】proceeding n.行动,进行,（pl.）
3、会议录,学报【真题连线】1999 Passage 2Subscribers can customize the information they want to receive and proceed directly to a companys Website.用户可以定制自己想要接受的信息，然后直接进入某个公司的网址。process prEUses【构词】pro向前+cess行走，前进前行过程n.1.过程，进程；工序，制作法；工艺；2. progress; passage进行；进展v. to treat raw material food ect. in order to change i
4、t加工，处理【链接】procession n. 队伍，行列【真题连线】2007 Text 1 And the best way to learn how to encode information meaningfully, Ericsson determined, was a process known as deliberate practice. 埃里克松认为，学会如何富有成效地编译信息的最佳方法是刻意训练。success sEKses【构词】suc随后+cess行走，前进随后跟上继续继续做成功n. 1.成功2.成功的人【真题连线】2000 Passage 1A history of l
5、ong and effortless success can be a dreadful handicap, but, if properly handled, it may become a driving force. 一段长时间并接不费力而成功的历史可能成为一种可怕的不利因素，但若处理得当，这种不利因素也有可能转化为一种积极的推动力。简单的词汇往往要考察它的引申意或者语境意excess ekses【构词】ex出+ cess行走，前进走出，超出过剩n. 1. sufficient 超过2. a surplus超额量3. the amount or degree多余量a. permitted
6、 过量的，过多的v. to eliminate the job or position of对暂不聘任【真题连线】2002 Text 3One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that, unlike the rises in the 1970s, it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand. 另外一个不应因油价上升而失眠的原因是，与20世纪
7、70年代不同，这次油价上升不是发生在普遍的物价暴涨及全球需求过旺背景之下。excessive iksesiv【构词】excess+ ive形容词后缀过分的a. exceeding a normal, usual, reasonable, or properlimit过量的【真题连线】1995 Passage 1He was drawing excessively fine distinction. Of course advertising seeks to persuade. 他把两者区分得过于细微，当然广告力求说服人的。1.able 表示能力able a. 能的；有能力的be able t
8、oenable v. 使能够enable sthenable sb to doThe dictionary enable us to understand English words.feasible FI:zEbl & plausible pLO:zEBLfeasible a.可作的可行的feasible suggestionplausible【构词】plaus+ible能鼓掌通过的可行的a. 1. seeming to be right or reasonable; believable似乎正确的，似有道理的，可信的2. skilled in producing convincing ar
9、guments能说会道的【链接】plausibility似乎正确或有理;可信;能言善辩；plausibly ad.似乎很信【真题连线】1998 Text 7Odd though it sounds, cosmic inflation is a cientifically plausible consequence of some respected ideas in elementaryparticle physics, and many astrophysicists have been convinced for the better part of a decade that it is
10、 true. 宇宙膨胀说虽然听似奇特，但它是基本粒子的物理学中一些公认的理论在科学看来似乎可信的推论。许多天体物理学家七八年来一直确信这一论说是正确的。补充：2.en 表示 使动endanger IndeinZE【构词】en使进入状态+ danger危险使面临危险vt. to expose to harm or danger; imperil使受危险或伤害；危及【真题连线】1999 Passage 4Because current federal law already forbids the use of federal funds to create embryos （the earlie
11、st stage of human offspring before birth） for research or to knowingly endanger an embryos life, NBAC will remain silent on embryo research. 因为现行的联邦法律已经禁止使用联邦基金克隆研究的胚胎（人类子代出生前的最早阶段）或有意识的危机胚胎的生命，NBAC在胚胎研究这一问题上保持沉默。endure IndjUE【构词】en进入+ dure持久，坚硬进入持久耐久v. to carry on throughs; undergo; to bear with to
12、lerance; to continue in existence; last忍受，持久，持续【链接】endurance n.忍耐（力），持久（力），耐久（性）【真题连线】2000 Passage 4“In Japan,” says educator Yoko Muro, “its never a question of whether you enjoy your job and your life, but only how much you can endure.” “在日本，”教育家Yoko Muro说，“问题绝对不是你是否喜欢自己的工作和生活，而仅仅是你能承受多大的负荷。”endur
13、able a. 耐用的engage IngeidZ【构词】en-使+ gage-誓约使立下誓约v. 1. to draw into; involve （in）从事，着手2. to pledge or promise约定；使订婚3. to give or take as security; 保证4. to arrange for the use of; reserve雇用【链接】engagement n.约会，约定；婚约，订婚engaged a.忙碌的，使用中的【真题重现】2004 Cloze TestTheories centering on the individual suggest th
14、at children engage in criminal behavior because they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through interactions with others. 以个人为中心的说法认为孩子们之所以犯罪是因为他们以前的犯罪行为没有得到足够的处罚，或者认为孩子们通过与他人的交往学会了犯罪。engage sb in sth/doing sth 使某人参加某事或从事某事注：另一常考词组: subj
15、ect sb to sth/doing sth 让某人经历The city was subjected to heavy bombing. 那座城市遭受到猛烈轰炸。enjoy IndZOI【构词】en使+ joy喜悦享受；欣赏；喜爱v. to receive pleasure or satisfaction from. 享受的乐趣【真题重现】2004 Text 2One theory, dreamt up in all the spare time enjoyed by the alphabetically disadvantaged, is that the rot sets in earl
16、y. 按字母表顺序排名靠后的人在享受闲暇时光时凭空想出一种理论，认为这种倒霉事老早就开始了。enlighten laitEn【构词】en使+ lighten明亮开启v. to give spiritual or intellectual insight to启发，启蒙，教导【真题连线】1998 Passage 3“The term anti-science can lump together too many, quite different things,” notes Harvard University philosopher Gerald Holton in his 1993 work
17、 Science and anti-Science, “they have in common only one thing that they tend to annoy or threaten those who regard themselves as more enlightened.”“反科学这个词可以涵盖很多截然不同的东西”，哈佛大学杰拉尔德霍尔顿在其1993年的著作科学和反科学中写道：“它们惟一的共同点就是会激怒或威胁那些自以为比别人更有见识的人。entail Inteil【构词】en使+ tail切切分开使分担vt. 1. to have, impose, or require
18、使承担2. 把（疾病等）遗传给（on, upon）3. to limit the inheritance限定【真题重现】2007 Text 1Deliberate practice entails more than simply repeating a task. 有意练习需要的不只是简单的重复一个任务。3.amb 表示走ambition QMBIBISEn【构词】amb处处+it走ion名词后缀到处走动想实现抱负雄心n. 1. an eager or strong desire to achieve sth. 野心，雄心2 desire for exertion or activity;
19、energy尽头，精力【真题连线】 2000 Passage 5If ambition is to be well regarded ,the rewards of ambition-wealth, distinction, control over ones destiny-must be deemed worthy of the sacrifices made on ambitions behalf.个人的雄心如果能被正确的看待的话，那么他的回报-财富、声誉、对命运的掌握-则应该被认为值得为之付出牺牲。注意：在英美文化中有雄心是被赞美的。ambitious QMBISEs【构词】ambit
20、i形容词后缀+ ous有雄心的a. 1.fully of, characterized by, or motivated by ambition野心勃勃的2. greatly desirous; eager:热望的；渴望的For such people and many more perhaps not so exceptional,，the proper formulation is, “Succeed at all costs but avoid appearing ambitious.”对于这样的人，还有那些也许还不太出色的人（这些人更多些）而言 “不惜一切代价获得成功，但避免让他人看出
21、雄心勃勃是对他们最好的诠释。 ambulance QMBJULEns 救护车考研写作简单句变身新主张（4点）（2009-10-03 10:46:09） 考研写作专题主张 1：加状语在各个方面in a variety of aspects/all aspects of life在各行各业中in all walks of life社会各个阶层on the rungs of the social ladder在现代社会中in the modern/contemporary/society在某种场合下/逆境中Under certain/disastrous/adverse condition在大多数情
22、况下in many （most/rare/ordinary/numerous/particular）cases主张2：加后置定语，伴随状语in the society filled with the fierce competitioncoming from all stripe of societyAgain, please forgive me for the inconvenience caused again.两个残疾人互相搀扶，将拐棍扔向一旁The two handicapped men are supporting each other and heading towards th
23、eir destination with strides, leaving their walking sticks far behind.主张3：具体说明especially in/for Making friends is extremely significant to us, especially to the young people living in the soceity filled with fierce competition.自信对人的发展很重要特别对与年轻人来说。in terms of国家应该努力前进在政治上，经济上，文化上the country on the who
24、le should move forward in terms of politics,economy , and culture.Teacher should be aware of the the students change in terms of emotion, intelligence, and phsics.particularly这种不负责任的行为引起了大家特别是合格现代青年的反感（赡养，追星）The kind of irresponsible behavior made people particularly the modern young people sick and
25、 full of aversion.both and减少学生的负担对学生的身心健康都是有益的Easing students study burden is beneficial to students both physically and mentally.both nationally and internationallyIn my opinion, enhancing the cultural exchange is beneficial to both and .主张4：with 结构1 随着全球化的发展With the rapid development of globalizat
26、ion,2 随着人们生活水平的提高With the improvement of peoples living standard3 随着科技的发展With the development of science and technology2000年主体段写作构思及例文详解1. 作者的意图是警告我们在过去的若干年中我们的过度捕捞已经造成了严重的后果。2. 近些年我们到处都能看到船只捕捞各种鱼类3. 据最新调查，鱼类在过去的10年中每年减少11.23%.4. 我们不得不关注这个严峻的问题，因为这个行为会对我们整个的生存环境造成威胁。Needless to say, the artists purp
27、ose of drawing these pictures is to warn us so asto come to realize the threat posed by humans overfishing in the past years. In recent years, we can always meet all kinds of ships fishing various fish in the sea so as to earn a great sum2003年主体段阐释说明构思及详解构思1 图画所反映的道理简单却发人深省。2 娇弱的花朵表示现在的年轻人特别是独生子女。3
28、温室则表示父母们他们随时准备为子女付出一切。4 由于父母的无微不至的呵护子女经常变得懦弱，无能或者自私，引起了社会各层级的担忧。5所以父母应该让孩子自己成长经历人生的失败，这有助于他们的健康成长。The insight conveyed by the cartoon is simple but thought-provoking. The delicate flower is naturally associated with young people, to be specific, the only children in our current society; the greenhou
29、se epitomizes parents doting care and abundant material supplies that can shield the children from the storms, or the harsh reality.Due to parents great care, the children are inclined to be weak incapable and selfish, which caused wide concern from all walks of society. It is , hence, advisable for parents to make their children lead ther own life and experience trials and hardships in their lives, which does good to their sound growth. of fortune. According to the latest survey conducted by a science journal, fish decreased at the rate of 11.23% in the past decade. As a result, we are oblig
