1、医学考博英语高频词汇分类整理必须掌握医学考博英语高频词汇分类整理(必须掌握)2015年医学考博专业相关词汇整理1. 医院相关词汇childrens hospital 儿童医院general hospital, polyclinic 综合医院maternity hospital 产科医院mental hospital, mental home 精神病院obstetrics and gynecology hospital 妇产医院plastic surgery hospital 整形外科医院stomatological hospital 口腔医院tuberculosis hospital 结核病医
2、院tumor hospital 肿瘤医院clinic 诊疗所first-aid station 急救站polyclinic 联合诊疗所quarantine station 防疫站rest home 休养所sanatorium 疗养院 department 科室specialized hospital 专科医院 general hospital 普通医院 community hospital 社区医院 public hospital 公立医院 private hospital 私立医院 conventional clinic treatment 普通门诊ward 病房 medical team
3、医疗队 medical department 内科surgical department 外科anesthesiology department 麻醉科cardiology department 心脏病科dental department 牙科dermatology department 皮肤科department of cardiac surgery 心脏外科department of cerebral surgery 胸外科general surgery 普通外科neurology department 神经科neurosurgery department 精神外科obstetrics a
4、nd gynecology department 妇产科ophthalmology department 眼科orthopedic surgery department 矫形外科orthopedics department 骨科otolaryngological department 耳鼻喉科pediatrics department 小儿科pathology department 病理科plastic surgery 整形外科psychiatry department 精神病科thoracic surgery department 脑外科traumatology department 创伤外
5、科urology department 泌尿科X-ray department 放射科registration office 挂号处out-patient department, OPD 门诊部in-patient department 住院部nursing department 护理部consulting room 诊室waiting room 候诊室admitting office 住院处emergency room 急诊室operation room, operation theatre 手术室laboratory 化验室blood bank 血库pharmacy, dispensary
6、 药房ward 病房medical ward 内科病房surgical ward 外科病房maternity ward 产科病房isolation ward 隔离病房observation ward 观察室hospital bed 病床 staff 人员2. 医疗人员职衔职称physician/internist 内科医生oculist/eye doctor 眼科医生surgeon 外科医生general practitioner 全科医生clinician 临床医生dentist 牙科医生orthopedist 骨科医生anesthetist 麻醉师gynecologist 妇科医生derm
7、atologist 皮肤科医生obstetrician 产科医生pediatrician 儿科医生psychologist 心理医生dietician 营养科医生pharmacist 药剂医生family doctor 家庭医生director of the hospital 院长chief of / professor 主任医生attending/visiting doctor 主治医生resident doctor 住院医生intern doctor 实习医生chief of pharmacy 主任药师associate chief of pharmacy 副主任药师pharmacist-
8、in-charge 主管药师head nurse 护士长nurse-in-charge 主管护士student nurse 实习护士3. 药物词汇drug therapy 药物治疗 medicinal herbs 药用草药tablet 药片pill 药丸capsule 胶囊drug therapy 药物治疗 side effects 副反应 drug abuse 药物滥用 drugstore 药房 over the counter (OTC) 非处方药 drug allergy 药物过敏 drug poisoning 药物中毒 prescription 处方 expenses for medi
9、cine 药费 charges for medicine 医药费drug rebate 药品回扣 penicillin 盘尼西林aspirin 阿司匹林vitamin 维他命antibiotic 抗生素medication 药物gauze 纱布eye drops 眼药pad 药棉块syrup 糖浆mixture 合剂drop 滴剂powder 药粉ointment 药膏stethoscope 听诊器syringe 注射器4. 症状相关词汇symptom 病症have a cold 感冒have a cough 咳嗽have a sore throat 嗓子痛have a stomachache
10、 胃痛have a toothache 牙痛have a fever 发热have a stuffed nose 鼻子不通flu 流感asthma 哮喘pneumonia 肺炎hypertension 高血压diabetes 糖尿病allergy 过敏feel dizzy 头晕stiff 僵硬的twistedsprained 扭伤的twinge 刺痛sneeze 打喷嚏hiccup 打嗝vomit 呕吐sick 恶心swelling 肿胀bump 肿块ulcer 溃疡infect 传染cramp 痉挛paralysis 麻痹，瘫痪，无能力high fever 高烧 chills 发冷 swea
11、ts 发汗 night sweats 盗汗 tiredness / fatigue 倦怠 insomnia 失眠 stiffness in shoulder 肩头发硬 sneeze 打喷嚏 hiccup 打嗝 itch 痒 low back pain 腰疼 headache 头疼 pain (ache) 痛 acute pain 急性疼痛 severe pain 激痛 dull pain 钝痛pressing pain 压痛 sharp pain 刺痛 piercing pain 戳痛 throbbing pain 一跳一跳地痛 prickling pain 针扎似的痛 burning pai
12、n 烧痛 tearing pain 裂痛 continuous pain 持续痛 uncomfortable 不舒服 colic 绞痛 radiating pain 放射痛 sore pain 溃烂痛 crampy pain 痉挛痛 persistent pain 顽痛 slight pain 轻痛 bloody urine 血尿 blood analysis 验血 red cell 红血球 white cell 白血球 respiration rate 呼吸数 expiration 呼气 inspiration 吸气 difficulty in breathing 呼吸困难 irregula
13、r pulse 不规则脉搏 cloudy urine 尿浑浊 glucosuria 糖尿 thin, skinny 瘦 fat, obese 肥5. 医疗手段 medical treatmentsmedical treatment 医疗 medical instruments 医疗器械 diagnose (v) 诊断 (n) diagnosis prevent (v) 预防 sterilize (v) 消毒 administrate a drug 开药 prevent and treat disease (v) 防治疾病 TCM 中医 chemotherapy 化疗 radioactive t
14、herapy 放疗 medical service 医疗服务 complain of (v) 主述 health checkup 健康普查 diagnosing and treating 诊断和治疗 consult the doctor(v) 咨询remedy 治疗法anesthetic 麻醉剂local anesthetic 局麻general anesthetic 全麻incidence 发生率mortality 死亡率fatality 致命性morbidity 发病率stethoscope 听诊器first aid 急救therapy 疗法anesthesia 麻醉bandage 扎上绷
15、带dress 包扎diagnosis 诊断discharge from hospital 退院case history 病历admission to hospital 入院soothe 安慰、缓和recover 复原、痊愈X-ray X线MRI 磁共振成像feel ones pulse 测脉搏take ones blood pressure 量血压take ones temperature 量体温give a prescription 开药make up a prescription 配药take medicinetake pills 吃药get an injectionhave an inj
16、ection打针operation 外科手术transplant 移植手术have an operation 动手术be admitted to hospital 入院 be discharged from hospital出院 6. 医疗体制 medical systemhealthcare system 医疗体制 medical disputes 医疗纠纷 medical accident 医疗事故 doctor-patient relationship 医患关系 medical insurance system 医疗保险体系 medical aid fund 医疗救助基金 7. 医德 m
17、edical ethicsmedical ethics 医德 patient-oriented 以病人为核心 humanistic 人道主义的 compassionate 富于同情性的 considerate 体贴周到的 resolute 果断的 service quality 服务质量 7. 各类疾病词汇肺炎 pneumonia肝炎 hepatitis脑膜炎 brain fever/meningitis膀胱炎 cystitis急性胃炎 acute gastritis胃炎 gastritis支气管炎 bronchitis阑尾炎 appendicitis胃肠炎 gastroenteritis乳腺
18、炎 mastitis肿瘤 tumor禽流感 bird flu/avian influenza非典 SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome)疯牛病 mad cow disease黑死病 black death白血病 leukemia爱滋病 AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome)流感 influenza白内障 cataract狂犬病 rabies中风 stroke冠心病 coronary heart disease糖尿病 diabetes肺癌 lung cancer肝癌 liver cancer肺结核 pulmo
19、nary tuberculosis慢性病 chronic disease急性病 acute disease肺气肿 emphysema胃癌 cancer of stomach胃病 stomach trouble心脏病 heart disease并发症 complications 高血压 hypertension 肾病 kidney problem 糖尿病 diabetes 肥胖 obesity 绝症 terminal illness 不治之症 incurable illness 癌症早期 cancer of early stage 癌症晚期 cancer of late stage急症 emer
20、gency case 重症 serious illness 疑难病 difficult and complicated cases 短气 short breath 综合症 syndrome 病程 process 近视 short-sighted （adj）传染病 infectious diseases 8. 心理健康词汇sub-health 亚健康 psychological benefits 心理健康 psychological problem 心理问题 psychological consultation 心理咨询 psychological obstacles 心理障碍 mental o
21、bstacles 心理障碍 psychological massage 心理按摩 psychology 心理学/ 心理 psychotherapy 心理治疗 psychological expert 心理专家 questionnaire 问卷调查overcome 客服frustration 挫折willpower 意志力、毅力optimism 乐观optimistic 乐观的be sensitive to 对敏感nervous 神经的stress / pressure / tension 紧张depress / depressed / depression沮丧、抑郁anti-depressio
22、n drugs 抗抑郁药9. 饮食，营养与健康nutrient 营养素 protein 蛋白质 fat 脂肪 glucose 葡萄糖 vitamin 维生素 sugar 糖类 heat calories quantity of heat 热量 carbohydrate 碳水化合物 soft beverage 软饮料cholesterol 胆固醇 a well-balanced diet 均衡饮食nutrition 营养 nutritional 营养的 nutritious 有营养的 nutritionist 营养学家 malnutrition 营养失调 metabolism 物质代谢 fat
23、free food 无脂食品the prepared food 熟食 grain 谷物 food shortages 食品短缺 breakfast lunch supper 一日三餐 imbalance (n) unbalance (a) 失衡 10. 生活习惯，运动与健康life-style 生活习惯 disorder of body and mind 身心失衡physical and mental disorder 身体/心理失衡quick/high tempo of life 快节奏的生活 be accustomed to sth. 习惯ample sleep 充足的睡眠 relax o
24、neself 自我放松physical exercises 体育锻炼entertainment 娱乐sustain the exercise habit 保持锻炼习惯constitution 体质 hormone 激素 sub-health 亚健康resist mutation 防癌immunomodulator 免疫调节剂enthusiasm 热情11. 听力中的医学词汇ambulance n救护车belly n肚，腹部bellyache n腹痛bellybutton n脐bile n胆汁bladder n囊，膀胱 bosom n胸；内心；胸bowel n肠；内部cardiogram n心电
25、图casualty n伤亡事故；伤亡人员chamber n议院；腔，心室chemotherapy n化疗chromosome n染色体chronic a慢性的，长期的clone v克隆cocaine n可卡因coma n昏迷constipation n便秘contaminate v弄脏，污染cramp n夹，钳；痉挛，绞痛deficiency n缺乏；营养缺乏症diarrhea n腹泻carbondioxide n二氧化碳disinfect v杀菌，消毒drowsy a昏昏欲睡的；催眠的dysfunction n功能障碍，功能不良fragrance n芬芳；香味；香气gastric a胃的ga
26、stritis n胃炎hepatitis n肝炎hormone n荷尔蒙，激素hospitalize v使住院hypertension n高血压immunodeficiency n免疫缺陷；免疫缺损infectious a传染的，传染性的inpatient n，住院病人insane a精神错乱的；精神病的inspection n检查，检验；审查inspire v使产生灵感；鼓舞lethal a致死的，致命的malfunction n故障；功能碍障medicinal a药的；药用的；台疗的morphine n吗啡nausea n恶心；晕船obesity n肥胖症scalpel n手术刀scan v扫描；审视；浏览suicide nv自杀vaccinate v接种；种牛痘ward n看护，监护；病房；监房12. 其他词汇wholesome 有益健康的hygiene 卫生to get vaccinated 接种sick person, patient 病员，患者sickly 多病ailment, complaint 疾病unwell, indisposed 不适的
