1、甘肃省兰州一中学年高一下学期期末考试试题英语 解析版第I卷选择题（共三节，满分60分）第一节 （共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D中选出最佳选项。AThe value-packed, all-inclusive sight-seeing package that combines the best of Sydneys harbor, city, bay and beach highlights.A SydneyPass gives you unlimited and flexible travel on the Explorer Buses：the
2、red Sydney Explorer shows you around our exciting city sights while the blue Bondi Explorer visits Sydney Harbour bays and famous beaches. Take to the water on one of three magnificent daily harbor cruises （游船）. You can also travel free on regular Sydney Buses, Sydney Ferries or CityRail services （l
3、imited area）, so you can go to every corner of this beautiful city.Imagine browsing at Darling Harbour, tasting the famous seafood at Watsons Bay or enjoying the city lights on an evening ferry cruise. The possibilities and plans are endless with a SydneyPass. Wherever you decide to go, remember tha
4、t bookings are not required on any of our services so tickets are treated on a first in, first seated basis.SydneyPasses are available for 3, 5 or 7 days for use over a 7-calendar-day period. With a 3 or 5-day pass you choose on which days out of the 7 you want to use it. All SydneyPasses include a
5、free Airport Express inward trip before starting your 3, 5 or 7 days, and the return trip is valid for 2 months from the first day your ticket was used.SydneyPass FaresAdultChild*Family*3-day ticket$90$45$2255-day ticket$120$60$3007-day ticket$140$70$350*A child is defined as anyone from the ages of
6、 4 years to under 16 years. Children under 4 years travel free.*A family is defined as 2 adults and any number of children from 4 to under 16 years of age from the same family.1. A SydneyPass doesnt offer unlimited rides on _.A. the Explorer Buses B. the harbor cruisesC. regular Sydney Buses D. City
7、Rail services2. With a SydneyPass, a traveller can _.A. save fares from and to the airportB. take the Sydney Explorer to beachesC. enjoy the famous seafood for freeD. reserve seats easily in a restaurant3. If 5-day tickets were to be recommended to a mother who travelled with her colleague and her c
8、hildren, aged 3, 6 and 10, what would the lowest cost be？A. $225. B. $300. C. $360. D. $420.【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C【解析】试题分析：文章介绍了如何使用悉尼公交的一种乘车证。SydneyPass提供3，5，7天不等的悉尼的海港城市，海湾和海滩等地旅游路线。【1题详解】D细节推理题。根据第二段最后一句CityRail services （limited area）, so you can go to every corner of this beautiful city可判断，故选D.【2题详
9、解】A细节推理题。根据All SydneyPasses include a free Airport Express inward trip可知有乘车卡可以节省来往机场的费用，故选A.【3题详解】C推理判断题。根据图表和下面的说明可知：Children under 4 years travel free，说明三岁的孩子免费，所以两个成年人是240元加上两个小孩120元，共360元。故选C.考点：考查广告类短文阅读。【名师点睛】做好细节理解题的几点建议：细节理解题属直接解答性问题，是阅读理解题中最简单的一种，多数属中低难度的题。但高考所占的比例大，应特别引起注意。事实和细节题的命题特点是：对文章
10、或某一段落中的一些特定细节或文章重要事实的理解，一般包括直接理解题和语义转化题。直接理解题能在原文直接找到答案，而语义转化题则需要将题目信息与原文信息加工或整理后才能得出结论。做细节理解题具体方法与步骤如下：略读材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨； 按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词。如for example, first, second等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实； 将自己精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上。快速通篇跳读，全文扫视，找到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。如第21小题根据第二段最后一句CityRail services （li
11、mited area）, so you can go to every corner of this beautiful city可判断，故选D. 第22小题根据All SydneyPasses include a free Airport Express inward trip可知有乘车卡可以节省来往机场的费用，故选A.BTransportation and communication networks bring people together. Yet sometimes people themselves create barriers（障碍） to transportation an
12、d communication. In some countries, laws stop people from moving freely from place to place. Over the centuries, many groups of people have been denied the freedom to travel because of their race, religion, or nationality. In the Middle Ages, for example, Jews were often forbidden to move about free
13、ly within certain cities. South Africas government used to require black Africans to carry passes when they travel within the country. Some governments require all citizens to carry identification papers and to report to government officials whenever they move.Countries set up customs posts at their
14、 borders. Foreign travellers must go through a customs inspection before they are allowed to travel in the country. Usually travellers have to carry special papers such as passports and visas（签证）. Some countries even limit the number of visitors to their country each year. Others allow tourists to v
15、isit only certain areas of the country, or they may require that travellers be with an official guide at all times during their stay. Many of those barriers to travel also act as barriers to communication. When two governments disagree with each other on important matters, they usually do not want t
16、heir citizens to exchange news or ideas freely. Countries often try to keep military or industrial information secret. Today, people have the ability to travel, to communicate, and to transport goods more quickly and easily than ever before. Natural barriers that were difficult or dangerous to cross
17、 a hundred years ago can now be crossed easily. The barriers that people themselves make are not so easy to overcome. But in spite of all the different kinds of barriers, people continue to enjoy travel and the exchange of goods and ideas.4. The examples in paragraph 1 are used to tell the readers t
18、hat _A. people have been allowed to travel freely within the countryB. people have not been permitted to travel freely for various reasonsC. travellers have to carry special papers such as passports and visasD. customs posts are necessary at the borders of the countries5. Some governments limit the
19、freedom of communication because_A. they intend to keep their national secrets unknown to othersB. they think such freedom will lead to warsC. they often disagree with each other on important mattersD. they want to show their authority over communication6. We may learn from the passage that _A. peop
20、le do not care about the removal of barriers between countriesB. people can not remove the obstacles made by themselvesC. man-made barriers are sometimes harder to overcome than natural onesD. barriers should be taken for granted as they always exist7. Which of the following can serve as the best ti
21、tle of the passage？A. Barriers Made by PeopleB. Functions of CommunicationC. Restrictions on TransportationD. Progress of Human Society【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. A【解析】试题分析：在当今全球化大背景下，人们交流的形式多种多样，不仅有最常见的语言沟通，以及旅游等渐渐成为一个重要的沟通途径，但是在这种情况下，交流障碍与信息沟通壁垒同样存在，本文分析这一方面。【4题详解】B 主旨大意题。根据原文可以总结出段落大意：Yet sometimes peo
22、ple themselves create barriers（障碍） to transportation and communication.（然而有时候，人们又在交通和沟通方面上制造出一些障碍）所以目前来讲，沟通并不是完全畅通无阻的。【5题详解】A 细节理解题。根据原文的Countries often try to keep military or industrial information secret.（一些国家经常试图保护军队或者工业机密信息）所以选择A项。【6题详解】C 细节理解题。根据原文的Natural barriers that were difficult or dange
23、rous to cross a hundred years ago can now be crossed easily.（在数百年前可能看起来很难打破或者打破后极具危险性的自然障碍却在今天很容易打破）言外之意是人为造成的障碍很难被打破。【7题详解】A 主旨大意题。本文主要针对一些国家的保护主义，他们试图不想让外界知道他们所谓的机密信息。这样是不利于全球无障碍交流的，所以选择A项。考点：社会类文章。CEngineering students are supposed to be examples of practicality and rationality（理智）, but when it c
24、omes to my college education I am an idealist and a fool. In high school I wanted to be an electrical engineer and, of course, any sensible student with my aims would have chosen a college with a large engineering department, famous reputation and lots of good labs and research equipment. But thats
25、not what I did.I chose to study engineering at a small liberal-arts （文科） university that doesnt even offer a major in electrical engineering. Obviously, this was not a practical choice; I came here for more noble reasons. I wanted a broad education that would provide me with flexibility and a value
26、system to guide me in my career. I wanted to open my eyes and expand my vision by interacting with people who werent studying science or engineering. My parents, teachers and other adults praised me for such a sensible choice. They told me I was wise and mature beyond my 18 years, and I believed the
27、m.I headed off to college sure I was going to have an advantage over those students who went to big engineering “factories” where they didnt care if you have values or were flexible. I was going to be a complete engineer：technical genius and sensitive humanist （人文学者） all in one.Now Im not so sure. S
28、omewhere along the way my noble ideals crashed into reality, as all noble ideals eventually do. After three years of struggling to balance math, physics and engineering courses with liberal-arts courses, I have learned there are reasons why few engineering students try to reconcile （协调） engineering
29、with liberal-arts courses in college.The reality that has blocked my path to become the typical successful student is that engineering and the liberal arts simply dont mix as easily as I assumed in high school Individually they shape a person in very different ways; together they threaten to confuse
30、. The struggle to reconcile the two fields of study is difficult.8. The author chose to study engineering at a small liberal-arts university because he _.A. wanted to be an example of practicality and rationalityB. intended to be a combination of engineer and humanistC. wanted to coordinate engineer
31、ing with liberal-arts courses in collegeD. intended to be a sensible student with noble ideals9. According to the author, by interacting with people who study liberal arts, engineering students can _.A. balance engineering and the liberal artsB. receive guidance in their careersC. become noble ideal
32、istsD. broaden their horizons10. In the eyes of the author, a successful engineering student is expected _.A. to have an excellent academic recordB. to be wise and matureC. to be imaginative with a value system to guide himD. to be a technical genius with a wide vision【答案】8. B 9. D 10. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了一段自己的经历来说明自己不明智的选择，他抱着今后成为一名既是技术专家又是人文主义者的目的选择
