1、备考新课标高考英语二轮复习语法10个专题近六年高考真题单句语法填空备考2017新课标高考英语二轮复习语法10个专题（近六年高考真题单句语法填空）专题一 名词和冠词20162011年各省市高考题(改编)名词A卷全国卷单句语法填空/单句改错1(2016全国，61)Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asias biggest building, and fancy new hotels.But for tourists like me, pandas are its top_(attract)答案attraction空格前有形容词和物主代词，因此要用其名
2、词形式。2(2016全国，69)The nursery team switches him every few _(day) with his sister.答案daysfew作来修饰可数名词复数，故答案为days。3(2016全国，短文改错)My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest._答案honesthonesty由句意“他成功的关键是诚信”可知应当用名词形式。4(2016全国，42)Handle the most important tasks first so youll feel a real sense of _(
3、achieve)答案achievement介词of后要用名词作宾语。固定表达a sense of achievement成就感。5(2016全国，46)Recent_(study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks regularly.答案studies考查主谓一致。根据后面的谓语动词show可知，主语应该是复数形式。6(2016全国，阅读C)Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see, and often taste, a wide va
4、riety of _(apple)答案apples在苹果节人们可以看到，并常常能尝到各种各样的苹果。a variety of各种各样，后面跟复数形式。7(2015全国，65)Id skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River that are pictured by artists in so many Chinese_(painting)答案paintings前面有many修饰，故用名词的复数形式。8(2
5、015全国，短文改错)The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier.Many rare animals are dying out._答案airsairair是不可数名词，没有复数形式。9(2014全国，69)While there are amazing stories of instant transformation, for most of us the_(change)are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted
6、river.答案changes根据后面的be动词可知此处应为复数。10(2014全国，短文改错)Since thenfor all these yearwe have been allowing tomatoes to self seed where they please._答案yearyears根据前面的all these可知此处应为复数。11(2014全国，短文改错)For example, we can do reading for one and a half hour and play sports for one hour every day._答案hourhours一个半小时的
7、表达为one and a half hours。12(2012全国，19)The Harry Potter books are quite popular; they are in great_(demanding) in this city.答案demand考查固定搭配。in great demand急需。B卷地方卷用所给词的适当形式填空1(2016北京，阅读C)Although these _(measure) are not effective forever, they are vital for now.答案measures考查名词单复数，根据前面的these和后面的are，可以判断
8、应用复数形式。2(2016北京，阅读D)The college years are supposed to be a time for important _(grow) in autonomy (自主性) and the development of adult identity.答案growth此处的growth和后面的development是并列关系，且用前面的important修饰。3(2016四川，阅读C)The _(life) of these people have finally been recorded thanks to the effects of a Frenchma
9、n from Paris called Gin.答案lives根据后面的谓语动词，可以判断此处需要用名词的复数形式。4(2016四川，短文改错)Mom has a fulltime job, but she has to do most of the houseworks._答案houseworkshousework housework是不可数名词。5(2016江苏，阅读C)The weather _(effect) both good and bad, are felt in many places.答案effects根据后面的谓语动词，可以看出此处应该是复数形式。6(2015江苏，32)S
10、ome schools will have to make _(adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform.答案adjustments句意：为了与国家足球改革相一致，一些学校将做出调整。固定表达make adjustments 做出调整。7(2015江苏，35)Go and say sorry to your Mom, Dave. Id like to, but Im afraid she wont be happy with my _(apologize)答案apology/apologies句意：去和你的妈妈说对不起，Dave。
11、我想，但我怕妈妈不会接受我的道歉。作介词with的宾语和my的修饰语要用名词形式。8(2015浙江，15)One of the most effective ways to reduce _(stressful) is to talk about feelings with someone you trust.答案stress句意：减少压力最有效的方法之一是与信任的人谈谈你的感受。作动词reduce的宾语要用名词形式，stress压力，紧张，为不可数名词。9(2015湖北，21)When he was running after his brother, the boy lost his _(
12、balanced) and had a bad fall.答案balance句意：追赶哥哥时，小男孩失去了平衡，重重地摔了一跤。形容词性物主代词his后跟名词形式。lose his balance失去平衡。10(2015安徽，30)There is no need to tell me your answer now.Give it some_(think) and then let me know.答案thought句意：现在没有必要告诉我你的答案。思考一下，然后让我知道。 some后应跟名词，thought想法。11(2014安徽，29)Why not buy a secondhand c
13、ar first if you dont have enough money for a new one?Thats a good _(suggest)答案suggestion句意：如果你没有足够的钱买一辆新车的话，为什么不先买一辆二手车呢？这是个不错的建议(suggestion)。形容词修饰名词，故用名词形式。12(2014湖北，21)Her _(motivate) for writing was a desire for women to get the right to higher education.答案motivation句意：她写作的动机是出于对女性获得高等教育权利的渴望。形容词
14、性物主代词修饰名词。13(2013江西， 22)Whenever I made mistakes, the teacher pointed them out with _(patient)答案patience句意：每当我犯错的时候，老师都耐心地帮我指出来。with是介词，介词后用名词形式，故用patience。14(2012山东，24)My first _(impress) of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man.答案impression句意：我对他的第一印象是，他是一个友好且体贴的年轻人。序数词first修饰名词。15(2
15、012福建，25)Why do you choose to work in an international travel agency?Well，you know，English is my _(strong)So it is my best choice.答案strength句意：你为什么选择去一家国际旅行社工作？哦，你知道英语是我的强项。因此，这是我的最佳选择。形容词性物主代词my后跟名词，strength意为“长处，强项”。冠词A卷全国卷单句语法填空/单句改错1(2016全国，阅读A)In 1931，Addams became_ first American woman to win
16、the Nobel Peace Prize.答案the序数词前面加定冠词the。2(2016全国，48)Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for_while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy.答案a考查不定冠词的用法。让你的身体和思想休息一会。固定表达for a while一会儿。3(2016全国，短文改错)In that case, we will learn little about world._答案world前加the考查定冠词的用法。此处特指我们所生活的这个世界。4
17、(2016全国，阅读D)A new collection of photos brings _unsuccessful Antarctic voyage back to life.答案anunsuccessful前面用an修饰。5(2016 全国，阅读C)Apple Days are being held at all sorts of places with _interest in fruit, including stately gardens and commercial orchards(果园)答案aninterest是名词，前面应用an。6(2015全国，短文改错)Now I am
18、 living in a city, but I miss my home in countryside._答案countryside前面加thein the countryside在农村，固定搭配。7(2015全国，短文改错)A woman saw him crying and told him to wait outside a shop._答案第二个athe此处表示特指，指的是女士和他都知道的那个商店。8(2015全国，62)The adobe dwellings (土坯房) built by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest ar
19、e admired by even_most modern of architects and engineers.答案the根据空格后面的most可知此处表示最高级含义。9(2014全国，63)Now, years later, this river is one of_most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.答案the句意：多年之后，这条河成为最杰出的环保典型之一。可知，此处most前用the修饰表示的是最高级的概念。10(2014全国，短文改错)As result, the plants are growing everywh
20、ere._答案result前加a考查固定搭配。as a result结果。11(2014全国，短文改错)There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom buildings._答案去掉第一个theall kinds of已经表示各种各样的，作修饰语修饰后面的名词，因此无需再用the修饰。12(2013全国，31)India attained_independence in 1947, after_long struggle.答案/；a考查冠词用法。句意：印度在长期抗争后，于1947年获得独立。 attain in
21、dependence获得独立，是零冠词用法；after a long struggle经过一段长时间的抗争，用不定冠词a表示数量。13(2013全国，13)Four and_half hours of discussion took us up to midnight, and_break for cheese, chocolate and tea with sugar.答案a；a句意：我们讨论了四个半小时直到半夜，休息时我们吃了些奶酪、巧克力，喝了些加糖的茶。four and a half hours是习惯搭配；第二空a break泛指“一段休息时间”。14(2012全国，22)Sarah
22、looked at_finished painting with satisfaction.答案the句意：Sarah满意地看着那幅已经完成的画。根据句意可知painting前用the表示特指。15(2012全国，7)He missed_gold in the high jump, but will get_second chance in the long jump.答案the；a句意：他没有得到跳高的金牌，但是在跳远项目上还有一次机会。a序数词表示“又一”；gold前加the表示特指。B卷地方卷用适当的冠词填空1(2016北京，完形)It was _ cold January in 192
23、5 in North Alaska.The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.答案a考查泛指概念。句意：这是1925年阿拉斯加北部一个十分寒冷的一月。2(2016四川，阅读B)They have a different kind of superpower that all of us possess: the power to make _ difference in the lives of others.答案amake a difference固定搭配，对有影响。3(2016江苏，阅读C)El Ni
24、n， _Spanish term for “the Christ child”， was named by South American fisherman.答案a此处考查泛指概念，厄尔尼诺现象，一个西班牙词条。4(2016浙江，2)_prize for the winner of the competition is _twoweek holiday in Paris.答案The；a考查冠词。句意：竞赛的优胜者奖是在巴黎两周的假期。第一空，“竞赛的优胜者奖”为特指，故应用定冠词the作限定；第二空，指“一段两周的假期”，故应用定冠词a限定。5(2015江苏，33)Why didnt you
25、invite John to your birthday party?Well, you know hes _ wet blanket.答案a句意：为什么你没邀请约翰参加你的生日聚会？唉，你知道他是一个令人扫兴的人。固定表达a wet blanket 令人扫兴的人或物。6(2015浙江，2)Janes grandmother had wanted to write _ childrens book for many years, but one thing or another always got in _ way.答案a；the句意：琼的奶奶多年来一直想写一本儿童书籍，但总有这样那样的事情
26、阻碍她不能实现。第一空表泛指，故用不定冠词a；第二空为固定表达get in the way妨碍，阻碍。7(2015重庆，3)I just heard _ bank where Dora works was robbed by _ gunman wearing a mask.答案the；a句意：我刚听说Dora 工作的银行被一位蒙面持枪歹徒抢劫了。第一空为特指，表示“Dora 工作的那家银行”，第二空为泛指，表示“一位蒙面持枪歹徒”。8(2015陕西，14)_ more learned a man is，_more modest he usually becomes.答案The；the句意：一个
27、人的知识越是渊博，他通常就越谦虚。考查固定搭配。the more.the more.越越。9(2015四川，5)Brian is gifted in writing music；he is very likely to be _ Beethoven.答案a考查冠词。句意：Brian在创作音乐上极有才华，他很有可能成为一个像贝多芬那样的人才。不定冠词在人名前表示：一个像那样的人。10(2014陕西，19)_ village where I was born has grown into _ town.答案The；a考查冠词。句意：我出生的那个小村庄已经变成了一个城镇了。根据句意可知，“我出生的村
28、庄”由定语从句修饰，表特指，用定冠词the；而第二空应是泛指。11(2014天津，8)Life is like _ ocean：Only _ strongwilled can reach the other shore.答案an；the考查冠词。句意：生活就像一个大洋，只有那些意志坚强者才能到达彼岸。此句中的ocean是可数名词且是第一次出现，故用an；第二个空中theadj.表示一类人。12(2014浙江，2)The paper is due next month，and I am working seven days _ week，often long into_night.答案a；the
29、考查冠词。句意：这篇论文预计下个月写完，我一星期工作七天，经常熬到深夜。a week泛指一星期；第二空为习惯用法，如work into the night工作到深夜。13(2014重庆，6)I cant tell you _ way to the Wilsons because we dont have _ Wilson here in the village.答案the；a考查冠词。句意：我无法告诉你去威尔逊家怎么走，因为我们村没有叫威尔逊的。由句意可知前者是特指，后者为泛指。14(2014江西，22)They chose Tom to be _ captain of the team because they knew he was _ smart leader.答案the；a考查冠词用法。句意：因为他们知道汤姆是一位精明的领导，所以就选他当球队的队长。由此可知，第一空用定冠词是特指这个球队的队长，第二空用不定冠词表示泛指意
