1、完整word版届高考英语阅读理解科普类说明文有解析科教科普类1、 Australia leads the world in its number of resident poisonous spiders as well as the strength of their toxicity(毒性). However,of almost 9,800 species most are perfectly harmless and interesting. Spider diversity is broad and many fascinating species occur here that ra
2、nge from the large to the tiny and hardly noticed, and from the dullest black to the strangely shaped. Spiders can be roughly classified according to the strategies(策略) they use for feeding. Spiders which appeared earlier in the evolutionary scale feed by waiting in a cave for food to come along bef
3、ore grabbing it. Following them were spiders which actively wandered looking for food and which caught it by chasing it down. The evolution of flying insects makes spiders evolve new ways of catching food which couldnt be chased and so the earliest air web weavers arose. Most spiders feed on insects
4、 and other arthropods but the Whistling Spider feeds on frogs and small birds. The Golden Orb Spider also feeds on small birds. A spider periodically sheds(蜕皮;脱落) its skin so that it can grow. Immature stages are called moults. Each species has a particular number of moults that it will go through b
5、efore reaching its final adult stage. Usually, once male spiders have mated, they die shortly after. But, even in death, Redback males often serve a purpose. The already pregnant Redback females always kill their lover and, in most cases, also eat them. This provides them with a small reproductive a
6、dvantage. Allowing spiders to take up places around houses can be beneficial in that they catch other annoying insects such as mosquitoes and flies. Rest assured that while you might see some large spiders, and perhaps even some poisonous ones, a good rule is to look and admire but dont touch any sp
7、ider you find. Even those without poison could still have a nasty bite.1.Different families of spiders are identified themselves by_.A.their physical characterB.their ways of getting foodC.the strength of their toxicityD.their effect on the environment2.What are the latest spiders in their evolution
8、 process?A.Spiders that chase down insects for food.B.Spiders that wait for the insects to come along.C.Spiders that can weave webs to catch flying insects.D.Spiders that actively go out to look for insects as food.3.If a spider stays on the wall of your house, youd better_.A.kill itB.feed itC.let i
9、t beD.chase it out4.What is the passage mainly talking about?A.A brief introduction of spiders.B.The evolution process of spiders.C.Living harmoniously with spiders.D.The living and feeing habits of spiders.2、 Many people believe that you lose the ability to learn new languages as you get older. Lan
10、guage experts,however,will tell you that youre never too old to learn a new language. As you get older, it can be more difficult to learn a new language,though. Children and adults learn new languages in different ways. For children, language is their life. They study for thousands of hours every ye
11、ar. Because they need to learn language to became part of their communities.Adults,on the other hand,are already part of a language community. Learning a new language means becoming part of another language community,and adults rarely get the chance to practice as much as young children do. Moreover
12、.children leaning a new language are expected to make mistakes. This gives them freedom when learning to be daring and confident Adults,however,often feel pressured to be perfect when learning a new language.This can discourage many people and make it even harder to learn a new language. When young
13、children learn a new language,they come to see various languages as a “normal” part of society.This mindset(思维模式) helps them embrace learning a new language without feeling like theyre doing something unusual or“too hard”. So if you want to learn a new language,go for it! Its never too late to learn
14、 a new language. If youre older,it may take more work,but it can be done.If youre a young child,though,now is the time to step out and learn a new language!1.By “Language is their life”,the author means that children .A.cant live without languageB.lead a happy life every dayC.practice a new language
15、 a lotD.are taken good care of adults2.What may make it hard for the old people to learn a new language!A.They are afraid of being laughed at.B.They usually have too many interests.C.They think making mistakes is natural.D.They always make all kinds of mistakes.3.Which of the following shows the dif
16、ference between children and adults in learning new language?A.The behaviors they have.B.The learning attitudes.C.The future plans they have made.D.The materials they are using.4.According to the author,a new language .A.can never be learned by the old peopleB.can be grasped by the people easilyC.ca
17、n be understood only by the old peopleD.can learned by both the old and the young3、 Kids and teens are often dismissive of praise from their parents. I am sure that parents out there can relate to this, as we all have been told at one time or another by one or several of our kids,“Stop it, Mom. or e
18、ven,“Youre just saying that because you are my parents and you have to say that. I can assure you, though, that they are listening. They will probably not thank you for this praise until they are in their twenties, but dont let that stop you from praising them during their childhood and teen years.
19、Just be careful how you praise them. A little praise may go a long way especially if it is the right kind of praise. It appears that the way to go is to praise their efforts according to a study by Brummelman, of Utrecht University in the Netherlands and colleagues. These researchers concluded that
20、kids should be praised primarily for their efforts, rather than for their personal characteristics, because if they are praised for effort, then a poor performance is more likely to be seen as a glitch(小故障), rather than a valid reflection of who they are as individuals. Lets think about this togethe
21、r. If you are a teenager or a child of any age and are constantly told how brilliant you are, then when you do poorly on a test or a few tests, you may feel like you have suddenly lost your status as brilliant and may now feel ashamed that you are merely average or even dumb. If you are a girl who i
22、s constantly being told how beautiful you are, then on a day when you dont look or feel so good, you may decide that you are unattractive. This is the problem that develops when we are praising our kids for global personality characteristics that they cant always live up to.1.According to the passag
23、e, which of the following statements is the right kind of praise?A.You are a great artist.B.You are very intelligent.C.Wow, you have a special gift for music.D.Your painting has indeed improved due to your efforts.2.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A.All the childre
24、n should be praised.B.Theres no need to praise kids and teens.C.Praise should be beyond childrens expectations.D.Teens often pay no attention to their parents praise.3.The underlined word “dumb” in the last paragraphcanbe replacedby _.A.stupidB.uniqueC.curiousD.honest4.The maintopicof this passageis
25、 _.A.why to praise kids and teensB.how to praise kids and teensC.different ways to praise kids and teensD.the importance of praising kids4、 Scientists, psychologists and English academics at Liverpool University have found that reading the works of the classical writers like Shakespeare and Wordswor
26、th has a great effect on the mind, catches the readers attention and triggers moments of self-examination. Using a special machine, they monitored the brain activity of 30 volunteers as they read works by William Shakespeare, William Wordsworth, T.S. Eliot and others. In the first part of the resear
27、ch, the brain activity of 30 volunteers was monitored as they read passages from Shakespeares plays, including King Lear, Othello, Coriolanus and Macbeth, and again as they read the text rewritten in a simpler form or modern language. While reading the common texts, normal levels of electrical activ
28、ity were shown in their brains. When they read the works of Shakespeare, however, the levels of activity jumped because of his use of words which were unfamiliar to them. The result of the test showed that the more challenging passages cause a greater degree of electrical activity in the brain than
29、the common ones. Scientists went on to study the brain activity as it responded to each word and recorded how it lit up as the readers came across unusual words, surprising phrases or difficult sentences in the classical works. As a result, this lightening up process of the mind lasted longer than t
30、hat when volunteers read common texts, encouraging further reading. The research also found that reading poetry especially increases activity in the right hemisphere(半球) of the brain, an area connected with “autobiographical memory”, driving the readers to think carefully about their own experiences
31、 based on what they have read. The academics said this meant the classical works of literature are more useful than self-help books. Philip Davis, an English professor who has worked on the study in the universitys magnetic resonance center, announced this week: “Classical literature acts like a roc
32、ket-booster to the brain, which provides extra power for the brain. You may never imagine how powerful it is. The research shows such kind of literature can create new thoughts and connections in the young and the old.”1.The underlined word “trigger” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to “_”.A.depends onB.picks upC.sets offD.changes into2.Which of the following is
