1、英语人教版八年级下册九年级英语现在完成时态语法复习讲解及练习含答案 现在完成时态的讲解及专项练习现在完成时是初二要学到的语法内容，也是中考的重点和难点。一. 现在完成时基本结构肯定句：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词否定句：主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句（have/has+主语+过去分词）二. 现在完成时用法1. 现在完成时用来表示过去已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果。也就是说，动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在，强调的是现在。I have already posted the p
2、hoto.我已经邮寄出了照片。与此种用法连用的时间状语时一些模糊的过去时间状语，如already（肯定句句中）, yet（否定句/疑问句句尾）, just, before, recently,still, lately,never等。2.现在完成时也可用来表示动作或状态发生在过去某一时刻，持续到现在并且有可能会继续持续下去。He has lived here since 1996自从1996年以来，他一直住在这儿。(动作起始于1996年，一直住到现在，可能还要继续住下去。)此种用法常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用。谓语动词必须是延续性动词。有些瞬间动词可变为延续
3、动词：go out-be out finish-be over open-be open die-be dead buy-have fall ill-be ill come back-be back catch a cold-have a cold三. 现在完成时常见考点对于现在完成时的考查，多以单选、句型转换或词语运用的形式考查学生在具体语境中灵活运用时态的能力。在考试中，会让大家判断是否该用现在完成时，或者是考查“瞬间动词”不能与表示一段时间的状语连用”这一知识点。【典型例题】His father_the party since 1990A.joind B.has joined C.was
4、 in D.has been in答案：D解析：本题考查学生对现在完成时的熟练掌握。 since 1978表达“自从1978年一直到现在”，表示这件事情从过去一直持续到现在，应该用现在完成时，而且动词必须是延续性动词，A、B均为瞬间动词，不能与时间段连用，故排除；C为一般过去时，也不行。四. 比较一般过去时和现在完成时1. 共同点：动作都是在过去完成。I saw the film yesterday evening.I have seen the film before.（看电影这件事都是在过去完成的。）2. 区别：现在完成时强调过去发生的动作对现在的影响和结果，而一般过去时与现在没有联系，只
5、是说明某个动作发生的时间是在过去。一般过去时通常与具体明确的过去时间状语连用。如yesterday, last week , two years ago，just now，in 2002 等；而现在完成时则常与 just ,already ,ever ,never 等模糊的过去时间状语和 these days ,this week ,since., for. 等表示一段时间的状语连用。例题_ you your homework yet ?Yes . I _ it a moment ago .A.Did ; do ; finished B.Have ; done ; finished C.Hav
6、e ; done ; have finished答案：B解析：本题考查一般过去时和现在完成时的用法区别。问句中的yet表明应该用现在完成时，而回答中的a moment ago 是一个明确的过去时间状语，应该用一般过去时。五. 过去分词的规则变化动词过去分词的规则变化与动词过去式的规则变化相同。一般情况下，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。work-worked-workedvisit-visited-visited以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。live-lived-lived以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，将 y 变为 i ，再加“ ed ”。study-studied-studi
7、ed cry-cried-cried重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。stop-stopped-stoppeddrop-dropped-dropped 现在完成时专项训练一、选择填空。1. -How long have you been like this? -_. A. Since last month B. Last month ago C. Last month before D. Last month2. -_ you _ the new film?-Yes, I _ it last week. A. Have, saw, saw B. Did,
8、 see, saw C. Have, seen, saw D. Did, see, see3. -Wheres Jim?-He _ Disneyland. A. has been to B. has gone to C. has been in D. has been at4. -Have you_ been to Beijing?-No, I have _ been there. A. ever, ever B. ever, already. C. yet, never D. just, already5. -Who will go to the airport to meet Jane?-
9、I will. I _ her several times. I can find her easily. A. met B. had met C. have met D. will meet6. They _ homeless people for many years. A. help B. have help C. have helped D. helped7. You _ a lot in the past three years. A. have grown up B. grow up C. have grown D. grow8. His father _ for two year
10、s. A. has been dead B. was dead C. has died D. died9. -How long _ you _ the bad cold? -Since last week. A. have, taken B. have, taught C. have, got D. have, had 10. _have you had this bike? -Since 2003. A. When B. What time C. How long D. What11. We have been good friends since we _ each other five
11、years ago. A. knew B. have known C. go to know D. know12. -Have you finished your written homework _?-No. Ill finish it _ another ten minutes. A. already, after B. yet, before C. already, about D. yet, in13. I wont go to see the film tonight because I _ my ticket. A. lost B. have lost C. will lost D
12、. didnt have14. -Why not go to see the flower show with us? -I _ it. A. saw B. see C. have seen D. seen15. Hes never been to England, _? A. isnt he B. hasnt he C. has he D. is he16. -What are you going to do this weekend? -I _yet. A. havent decided B. wont decide C. have decided D. didnt decide17. I
13、 have _ a cold for several days. I took some medicine, and now I feel better. A. had B. have C. catch D. caught18. -Oh, you are late again. The film _ for twenty minutes. -What a pity.A. has begun B. began C. has been on D have been on19. -Mr. Green, your hat looks nice. Is it new?-No, I _ it for tw
14、o months. A. have had B. have bought C. bought D. had20. -How long _ you _ here? -For about two years so far. A. have, studied B did, live . C do, day D. were, swimming21. Tom _ the CD player for two weeks. A. has sent B. has borrowed C. has bought D. has had22. -How long _ you_ here since you _ to
15、Dalian?-Almost half a year. A. did, live, here B. did, live, have come C. have, lived, came D. have, lived, have come23. Whats wrong with him? I havent seen him _ last Wednesday. A. on B. by C. until D. since24. It _ two years since we visited Beijing last time. A. has been B. has C. be D. will be25
16、. Mr. Green _ England. He _ London for two weeks. A. has been to, will be to B. has gone to, will be in C. has been to, will be in D. has gone to, will be toKeys:1-5ACBBC 6-10CCADC 11-15ADBCC 16-20AACAA二、用since和for填空1. _ two years 2._ two years ago 3. _ last month 4. _ 1999 5._ yesterday 6. _ 4 oclo
17、ck 7. _ 4 hours 8._ an hour ago 9. _ we were children 10. _ lunch time 11._ she left here12. He has lived in Nanjing _ the year before last.13. Ive known him _ we were children.14. Mike has been ill_a long time. He has been in hospital _October15. She has been away from the city _ about ten years.16
18、. Its about ten years _ she left the city.17. Jill has been in Ireland_ _Monday.18. Jill has been in Ireland_ _three days.19. My aunt has lived in Australia_15 days.20. Margaret is in her office. She has been there_7 oclock.Keys:1,for 2.since 3since 4.since 5,since 6.since 7.for 8.since 9.since 10.s
19、ince 11.since 12.since 13.since 14.for,since 15.for 16.since 17.since 18.for 19.since 20.since3、用never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since填空：1. I have _ seen him before, so I have no idea about him.2. Jack has _ finished his homework.3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school _ ten years.4. “Have you _
20、 seen the film?” “No, I have _ seen it.”5. “Has the bus left _?” “Yes, it has _ left.”Keys:1.never 2.already 3.for 4.ever,never 5.already ,already四、用have / has been to / in, have gone to及go的各种形式填空。1) Where is Jack? He _ his country.2) David _ the park just now.3) John _ England since he came back.4)
21、 How long _ they _ this village?5) The Smiths _ Beijing for years.6) _ you ever _ America? - Yes, I _ there many times.7) I _ _ this school since three years ago.8) Where is Jim? He _ the farm.9) When_ he _? He _ an hour ago.10) Would you like to _ to the zoo with me? -Yes, but I _ _ there before.11
22、) Where _ you _ now? I _ to the zoo.12) He often _ swimming.13) _ you _ there last year?14) _ they often _ skating in winter?Keys:1.has gone to 2.went 3.has been in 4.have been in 5.have been in 6.Have,been to, have been 7.have been in 8.has been to 9.did, go, went 10.go, have been 11.are,going, am
23、going 12.goes 13.Did go 14.Do.,go五、用适当的时态填空：1. Shes _ (live) here ever since she was ten.2. Both of them _ (be) in Hongkong for ten days.3. Both of them _ (come) to Hongkong ten days ago.4. Half an hour _ (pass) since the train _ (leave).5. Mary_(lose) her pen. . _ you _(see) it anywhere?6. _ you _
24、(find) your watch yet?7. Are you thirsty? -No I _just _ (have) some orange.8. I _(not finish) my homework yet. Can you help me?9. -Where is Tom? -He _( go) _( in ,to) the bookshop.10. I _ _ (buy) a book just now.11. I _ (lose) my watch yesterday.12. Mr. Green _(teach) us a lot about social studies s
25、ince September.13. I _never_ _ (meet) her sister before.14 .Mr. Smith _ _ (work) here since 1984.15. He _ (learn) about 5,000 English words since he_ (go) to college.16 .We _(know)each other for twenty years.17. Mary _never_( be) _( in ,to) the Great Wall. 18. They _( be) _( in ,to) that village sev
26、eral times. Keys:1.lived 2.have been 3.came 4.has passed,left 5.has lost,have seen 6.Have found 7.have, had 8.havent finished 9.has,been to 10.bought 11.lost 12. Has taught 13.have met 14.has worked 15.has learned, went 16.have known 17.has been to 18.have been to六、非延续性动词转换为以下延续性动词或者表示可以延续的状态的短语。 ar
27、rive at / in sp / get to / reach sp / come / go / move to sp be in sp / at school / at home / on the farm / be here / be there1) He got to Beijing five minutes ago.He Beijing for .2) I moved to the USA in 2008. I the USA since .3) I went home yesterday. I home for .4) They came here last week. They
28、_ _ here since _.Keys:1.has been in,five minutes 2.have been in,2008 3.have been at,one day 4.have been,last week 5 come to / go back to / return to be back to go out be out1) He came out two years ago.He _ for _.2) We returned to Beijing yesterday.We _ _ to Beijing since _.Keys:1.has been out, two years 2.have been back ,yesterday become be1) I became a teacher in 2000. I _ a teacher for _.2) The river became dirty last year. The river _ _ dirty for _ _.Keys:1.have been,seventeen years 2.has been,one year close be
