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    全国硕士研究生招生考试.docx

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    全国硕士研究生招生考试.docx

    1、全国硕士研究生招生考试 2019年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语(二)试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Weighing yourself regularly is a wonderful way to stay aware of any significant weight fluctuations.

    2、1 , when done too often, this habit can sometimes hurt more than it 2 .As for me, weighing myself every day caused me to shift my focus from being generally healthy and physically active to focusing 3 on the scale. That was bad to my overall fitness goals. I had gained weight in the form of muscle m

    3、ass, but thinking only of 4 the number on the scale, I altered my training program. That conflicted with how I needed to train to 5 my goals.I also found that weighing myself daily did not provide an accurate 6 of.in your weight 7 altering your training program. The most 8 changes will be observed i

    4、n skill level, strength and inches lost.For these 9 , I stopped weighing myself every day and switched to a bimonthly weighing schedule 10 . 11 my weight each week. Weighing every other week allows me to observe and 12 any significant weight changes. That tells me whether I need to 13 my training pr

    5、ogram.I use my bimonthly weigh-in 14 ., but Im constantly 15 and dropping weight, this is a 16 that I need to increase my daily caloric intake.The 17 to . a 18 morning weigh-in. Ive also experienced greater success in achieving my specific fitness goals, 19 Im training according to those goals, not

    6、the numbers on a scale.Rather than 20 over the scale, turn your focus to how you look, feel, how your clothes fit and your overall energy level.1. A Therefore B However C Otherwise D Besides答案:B【However】分析:本题为逻辑关系题。因题干中出现a wonderful way to stay aware of 与sometimes hurt more than ,故本题为逻辑关系题。做题步骤:1)确定

    7、前后文含义:空格前为“一种好的方式来了解”,空格后为“有时会带来更多的伤害”;2)判断前后文的关系:前文为定期称量的好处,后文为不利之处,前后为转折关系。故B选项However(然而),为正确答案。干扰选项:A选项Therefore(因此),C选项Otherwise(否则,不然),D选项Besides(除此之外)。均不符合原文逻辑。2. A cares B warns C helps D reduces答案:C【helps】分析:本题为语义题。因题干中出现sometimes hurt more than ,故本题为语义题。做题步骤:1)确定连接成分:a wonderful way Howeve

    8、r ,表示前后文为转折关系;2)确定语义关系:sometimes hurt more than ,即“有时带来的伤害比 2 多”。故C选项helps(帮助,促进),为正确答案。干扰选项:A选项cares(关心,在意),B选项warns(警告),D选项reduces(减少,减轻)。均不符合原文语义。3. A initially B occasionally C formally D solely答案:D【solely】分析:本题为语义题。做题步骤:1)确定空格所在处语义:每天称重使“我”把注意力从保持健康和活力转移到 3 关注秤;2)确定空格后的含义:这不利于实现“我”的健康总目标。由此得知,“

    9、 3 关注秤”并不是一个好现象。故D选项solely(只,仅,单独地),为正确答案。干扰选项:A选项initially(最初,开始),B选项occasionally(偶尔,有时候),C选项formally(正式地)。均不符合原文语义。4. A recording B explaining C accepting D lowering答案:D【lowering】分析:本题为语义题。做题步骤:1)确定前后文语义关系:I had gained weight , but thinking only of 4 the number on the scale, I altered,由but表明前后文有转折

    10、关系,所填的空是gained的反义词;2)确定前后文的含义:“我”以肌块的形式增加了体重,但只出于 4 秤的数字,“我”改变了训练方案。3)联系上下文:上文提到focusing solely on the scale“只关注秤”,应该是想要“降低数字”。故D选项lowering(降低,减小),为正确答案。干扰选项:A选项recording(录制,记载),B选项explaining(解释),C选项accepting(接受)。均不符合原文语义。5. A set B reach C review D modify 答案:B【reach】分析:本题为语义题。做题步骤:1)联系上文语义:“我”以肌块的形

    11、式增加了体重,但只出于降低秤的数字,“我”改变了训练方案。这与“我”需要 5 目标的方式相冲突;2)分析前后文的关系:前一句讲“我”由于只想降低秤上的数字而改变了“我”的训练方案,后文提到“冲突”,故应该是“实现目标”。故B选项reach(达到,实现),为正确答案。干扰选项:A选项set(设置,安排,确定),C选项review(复查,回顾,反思,评论),D选项modify(调整,修改)。均不符合原文语义。6. A definition B distribution C prediction D depiction 答案:D【depiction】分析:本题为语义题。做题步骤:1)确定题目所在句的

    12、含义:“我”发现每天称重不能准确 6 “我”在健身房的努力和进步;2)将四个选项代入文中,只有“描述”符合题意。故D选项depiction(描写,描述),为正确答案。干扰选项:A选项definition(定义,释义),B选项distribution(分配,分布),C选项prediction(预测,语言)。均不符合原文语义。7. A regardless of B aside from C due to D along with 答案:C【due to】分析:本题为固定搭配题。做题步骤:1)在前文找本句出现的词或短语:training program在第二段最后一句话出现过“我改变了训练计划”;

    13、2)确定前后文语义关系: three weeks to a month to notice any significant changes 7 altering your training program,分析语义关系可知,正因为改变了培训计划,所以才需要很长时间发现体重的重大变化。故C选项due to(因为,由于),为正确答案。干扰选项:A选项regardless of(不管,不顾,不理会),B选项aside from(除之外),D选项along with (伴随,与一起)。均不符合原文语义。8. A rigid B immediate C precise D orderly 答案:B【im

    14、mediate】分析:本题为语义题。做题步骤:1)确定上下文语义关系: three weeks to a month to notice any significant changes The most changes 前文表明需要很长时间才能发现体重的重大变化,后文表明在技能水平、力量和瘦身的变化最 8 ,与上文是相反的关系,“长时间”的反义词为“立即”。故B选项immediate(立即的,立刻的),为正确答案。干扰选项:A选项rigid(死板的,坚硬的,固执的),C选项precise(准确的,精确的),D选项orderly(有秩序的,整洁的)。均不符合原文语义。9. A reasons B

    15、 judgments C methods D claims 答案:A【reasons】分析:本题为语义题。做题步骤:1)理清本句的语义: 9 “我”不再每天称重。2)确定上下文的语义关系:第二段讲每天称重使“我”的注意力从保持健康和活力转移到只关注秤,这不利于实现“我”的目标;第三段讲每天称重不能准确体现“我”在健身房的努力,基于这两个原因,所以“我”不再每天称重。故A选项reasons(原因),为正确答案。干扰选项:B选项judgments(鉴定,判断,判断力),C选项methods(方法,办法),D选项claims(声称,断言,索赔)。均不符合原文语义。10. A though B aga

    16、in C instead D indeed 答案:C【instead】分析:本题为逻辑关系题。做题步骤:1)弄清楚这句话的中文含义:出于这些原因,“我”不再每天称重, 10 改为每个月两次的称重计划;2)理清这句话的语义关系:“不再每天称重”与“每个月称重两次”之间是转折关系。故C选项instead(代替,反而),为正确答案。干扰选项:A选项though(虽然,尽管),B选项again(又一次,再一次),D选项indeed(实际上,真正地)。均不符合原文逻辑。11. A report B overlook C conceal D track 答案:D【track】分析:本题为语义题。做题步骤:

    17、1)理清本句的逻辑关系:Since , it is less important ,Since在本句话中引导原因状语从句,表原因;2)联系上下文语义关系:上一句话讲改为每两个月称重一次,因此可推断出,每周追踪体重对“我”来说并不重要。故D选项track(追踪,跟踪),为正确答案。干扰选项:A选项report(报告,报道),B选项overlook(忽略,忽视,俯视),C选项conceal(隐藏,隐瞒)。均不符合原文语义。12. A approve of B account for C hold onto D depend on 答案:B【account for】分析:本题为固定搭配题。做题步骤:

    18、1)确定本句话中的语义关系:and可以连接并列成分或者表递进,因此and后面的动词短语应与observe表并列或递进关系;2)确定动词短语的含义,观察体重的变化并解释变化的原因,表递进关系。故B选项account for(解释,说明,占),为正确答案。干扰选项:A选项approve of(赞成,同意),C选项hold onto(紧紧抓住,抱牢),D选项depend on(依赖,取决于)。均不符合原文语义。13. A adjust B share C confirm D prepare 答案:A【adjust】分析:本题为语义题。做题步骤:1)联系上下文语义:上文讲每周追踪体重并不重要,接着讲每

    19、隔一周称重可以让“我”观察并解释体重的变化;2)确定本句话中的语义关系:通过了解体重变化及原因,“我”可以适时调整训练计划。故A选项adjust(调整,调节,适应),为正确答案。干扰选项:B选项share(分享,分担),C选项confirm(证明,确认,批准),D选项prepare(使做好准备,预备)。均不符合原文语义。14. A features B rules C results D tests 答案:C【results】分析:本题为语义题。做题步骤:理清本句中的语义关系:“我”经常用“我”的双月称重 14 来提供有关营养的信息,应该根据“结果”提供有关营养方面的信息。故C选项result

    20、s(结果,成果),为正确答案。干扰选项:A选项features(特色,特征,特写),B选项rules(规则,规章,统治),D选项tests(测验,测试)。均不符合原文语义。15. A hungry B anxious C sick D bored 答案:A【hungry】分析:本题为语义题。做题步骤:理清本句话的语义关系:if my training intensity but and , this is ,所填空与dropping weight是递进的关系,根据常识,“体重下降”前常常会感到饥饿。故A选项hungry(饥饿的,引起食欲的),为正确答案。干扰选项:B选项anxious(焦急的,

    21、担心的,渴望的),C选项sick(生病的,呕吐的,厌恶的),D选项bored(厌倦的,烦闷的)。均不符合原文语义。16.A secret B sign C belief D principle 答案:B【sign】分析:本题为语义题。做题步骤:1)理清本句话的语义关系:如果训练强度保持不变,但经常感到饥饿和体重体重下降,那么这应该是一个信号,此处应填一个表示“迹象”的词语。故B选项sign(迹象,征兆),为正确答案。干扰选项:A选项secret(秘密,秘诀),C选项belief (信心,信念),D选项principle(原则,准则)。均不符合原文语义。17. A decision B nece

    22、ssity C wish D request 答案:A【decision】分析:本题为语义题。做题步骤:1)联系上文可知,“我”不再称重;2)观察本段可知,其意在说明“我”不再称重的好处。故A选项decision(决定),为正确答案。干扰选项:B选项necessity(必要性),C选项wish(渴望),D选项request(请求)。均不符合题意。18. A surprising B restricting C disappointing D consuming答案:C【disappointing】分析:本题为语义题。做题步骤:1)确定该段的含义。该段整体说明“我”不再称重的好处;2)确定该句话

    23、的含义。该句话前半部分说明“我”不再称重的好处,后半部分出现转折词since,说明该句前、后两部分为转折关系,应该填表示消极意义的词。故C选项disappointing(失望的),为正确答案。干扰选项:A选项surprising(奇怪的),B选项restricting(限制),D选项consuming(消耗)。均不符合题意。 19. A if B unless C until D because答案:D【because】分析:本题为逻辑关系题。做题步骤:1)弄清楚空格前后的中文含义:“我”在实现“我”的特定健身目标方面也取得了更大的成功, 19 “我”正在根据这些目标进行训练,而不是按比例进行

    24、训练;2)理清这句话的语义关系:“更大的成功”与“根据这些目标进行训练”之间是因果关系。故D选项because(因为;由于),为正确答案。干扰选项:A选项if(如果;即使),B选项unless(除非;如果不),C选项until(直到为止)。均不符合原文逻辑。 20. A dominating B puzzling C obsessing D triumphing 答案:C【obsessing】分析:本题为语义题。做题步骤:1)确定题目所在句的含义:不要 20 你的体重,把你的注意力放在你的外表、感觉、你的衣服是否合身以及你的整体能量水平上;2)故C选项obsessing(困扰,心神不宁),为正

    25、确答案。干扰选项:B选项dominate(支配;统治),C选项puzzle(使迷惑),D选项triumph(成功;获胜)。均不符合原文逻辑。Section II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1Unlike so-called basic emotions

    26、, such as sadness, fear and anger, guilt emerges a little later, in conjunction with a childs growing grasp of social and moral norms. Children arent born knowing how to say “Im sorry”; rather, they learn over time that such statements appease parents and friendsand their own consciences. This is wh

    27、y researchers generally regard so-called moral guilt, in the right amount, to be a good thing.In the popular imagination, of course, guilt still gets a bad rap. It is deeply uncomfortableits the emotional equivalent of wearing a jacket weighted with stones. Yet this understanding is outdated. . addi

    28、ng that this revival is part of a larger recognition that emotions arent binaryfeeling that may be advantageous in one context may be harmful in another. Jealousy and anger, for example, .And guilt, by prompting us to think more deeply about our goodness, can encourage humans to make up for errors a

    29、nd fix relationships. Guilt, in other words, can help hold a cooperative species together. It is a kind of social glue.Viewed in this light, guilt is an opportunity. Work by Tina Malti, a psychology professor at the University of Toronto,. Some kids who are low in sympathy may make up for that short

    30、fall by experiencing more guilt, which can rein in their nastier impulses. And vice versa: High sympathy can substitute for low guilt.In a 2014 study, for example, Malti looked at 244 children. Using caregiver assessments and the childrens self-observations, she rated each childs overall sympathy le

    31、vel and his or her tendency to feel negative emotions after moral transgressions. Then the kids were handed chocolate coins, and given a chance to share them with an anonymous child. For the low-sympathy kids, how much they shared appeared to turn on how inclined they were to feel guilty. The guilt-prone ones shared more, even though they hadnt magically become more sympathetic to the


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