1、英语高考必刷题英语非谓语动词题【英语】高考必刷题英语非谓语动词题一、单项选择非谓语动词1Time, _ correctly, is money in the bank.Ato use Bused Cusing Duse【答案】B【解析】本题考察非谓语动词。根据句子结构,所填成分是对主句的补充说明,因此只能是作状语。再根据非谓作状主语应与主句一致原则,判断出use与主语time之间为被动,因此直接得出答案B。句意:时间,如果使用得当的话,就是存在银行里的钱。2When I got home I saw a message pinned to the door _ “Sorry to miss y
2、ou, will call you later.”Aread Breading Creads Dto read【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:当我回家的时候,我看见别在门上的便条,上面写着“很遗憾错过了你,我会再打电话的。”read与message是逻辑主谓关系,意为“便条上写着”,应使用现在分词做定语,表主动。故选B。3Students surf the internet _ more information about the university they are dreamt of.Afound BfindingChaving found Dto find【答案
3、】D【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:学生们上网是为了找到他们理想大学的更多的信息。此处表示目的用不定式,指上网的目的。故选D。4When he was a boy, he used to go there and watch _.Ato repair bicycles Bbicycles to be repairedCbicycles being repaired Drepairing bicycles【答案】C【解析】5127Everything _ into due consideration, she eventually decided to further her education
4、at home.Ahaving taken Bto be taken Cbeing taken Dtaken【答案】D【解析】考查过去分词的独立主格结构。句意:考虑到一切,她最终决定继续在家接受教育。因为本题逗号前后没有连词,所以逗号前面不能是句子。故使用独立主格结构。因为everything与take into consideration构成被动关系,故使用过去分词的形式。故D正确。【名师点睛】独立主格结构可以与状语从句互换。本句=After everything was taken into consideration. 独立主格结构,是由“名词或代词+现在分词、过去分词、不定式、形容词短
5、语、名词短语、介词短语或副词短语”构成的一种独立结构。在该结构中,名词或代词与其后的部分构成逻辑上的主谓关系,用来修饰谓语动词或整个句子。在句中作状语,表示“时间、条件、原因、伴随,方式或结果”等含义。其位置比较灵活,放于句首句末均可。1. 名词(代词)+现在分词The clock striking twelve, I went to bed.(表原因)2. 名词(代词)+过去分词He lay there on his back, his teeth set, his right hand clenched on his breast.(表伴随)3. 名词(代词)+不定式Here are th
6、e first three volumes, the fourth one to come out next month.(表伴随)4. 名词(代词)+形容词短语Her face pale with anger, she rose to go away.(表原因)5. 名词(代词)+介词短语Then, last night, I followed him here and climbed in, sword in hand.(表方式)6. 名词(代词)+副词短语Summer over, the students returned to school.(表原因)7. 名词(代词)+名词短语His
7、 first shot a failure, Tom fired again.(表原因)6 the course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower level.AFind BFindingCTo find DFound【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:在发现课程非常难的同时,她决定转移到较低层次。find与主语是逻辑主谓关系,应使用现在分词,表主动和进行,做伴随状语。故选B。【点睛】首先要分析句子知道非谓语动词是做的什么成分,然后根据和修饰语的关系决定是现在分词还是过去分词或者不定式。这题是做伴随状语,she和find是
8、主动关系,用现在分词做状语。7Mrs. Taylor went around the shops, _ what she thought was necessary.Aordered BorderingCto have ordered Dhaving been ordered【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查现在分词。句意:泰勒太太逛了商店,订购了她认为必要的东西。分析句子可知,Mrs. Taylor 与order在逻辑上是主动关系,所以用现在分词作状语。故选B项。8The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping with
9、out _.Arecognizing Bbeing recognizedChaving recognized Dhaving been recognized【答案】B【解析】试题分析:本题考查动词的非谓语动词形式。句意:那位电影明星戴上墨镜。所以,他去买东西不会被认出来。根据题中的介词without判断,此后应该使用动词的动名词形式,由于他是被人认出的,所以应该用动名词的被动式,所以选B。考点:考查非谓语动词的用法9I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do _with students.Aworking BworkCto work Dwork
10、ed【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动名词。句意:我在海上航行和现在和学生一起工作一样快乐。分析句子可知,have fun doing sth.做某事很开心,as I now do working with students补充完整为as I now have fun working with students。故选A。10In 1938, Pearl S. Buck became the first American woman the Nobel Prize for Literature.Awinning BwinCwon Dto win【答案】D【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:1938年,赛
11、珍珠成为第一个获得诺贝尔文学奖的美国女性。中心词由序数词修饰,用不定式作后置定语,故选D。11For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit_on his own farm.Agrown Bbeing grownCto ge grown Dto grow【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词作定语。句意:早餐,他只喝来自他自己农场种植的新鲜水果的果汁。grow作定语修饰fruit ,grow与fruit之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,是被动关系,故用过去分词作定语。B项表示正在进行;C项表示还未发生,均不符合题意。故选A。12_ that sh
12、e was going off to sleep, I asked if shed like that little doll on her bed.ASeeing BTo see CSee DSeen【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词的用法。本句的主语是 I,I 与 See 的意义的逻辑关系是主动,也就是Seeing 才能表示主语与非谓语的“主动”的逻辑关系。13Simon made a big bamboo box the little sick bird till it would fly.A keep B kept C keeping D to keep【答案】D【解析】 14Im af
13、raid that I cant attend Toms wedding party _ next weekend.Ato be held Bbeing heldCheld Dis to be held【答案】A【解析】试题分析:考查非谓语动词作定语。句子中已经有了谓语cant attend,故此处应填非谓语动词,首先排除D。hold与party构成被动关系,但ABC答案均表被动。因此再根据时间状语next weekend可确定填不定式表将来,故选A。考查非谓语动词作定语时,要注意看与所修饰名词之间的关系,判断是主动还是被动。同时还要注意从时间上判定,不定式作定语表将来,现在分词表进行,过去分
14、词表完成。考点:考查非谓语动词作定语。15_ to nuclear radiation, even for a short time, may influence genes in human bodies.AHaving exposed BBeing exposedCTo expose DExposed【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动名词。句意:暴露于核辐射中甚至很短时间都会影响人体的基因。分析句子成分发现even for a short time是插入语,may influence是谓语,前面的部分应该是主语,be exposed to“暴露于”,要用动名词Being exposed to
15、。故B选项正确。16Look over there! There is a long, winding path _ up to the house.Alead BleadingCled Dto lead【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:看那边!有一条长长的蜿蜒小路通向那所房子。分析句式可知,这是个there be 句型,因此,此处用非谓语动词,path与lead是主动关系,因此用现在分词,故选B。17(2018 北京)Ordinary soap, _ correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.Aused Bto useCusin
16、g Duse【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:如果正确使用的话,普通的肥皂可以有效地处理细菌。Ordinary soap can deal with bacterial effectively是主句,_ correctly是条件状语,修饰ordinary soap,ordinary soap和use之间是被动关系,故要用过去分词,A选项正确。点睛:过去分词所表示的一个含义就是“被动”。18_ their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.ATo throw BThr
17、own CBeing thrown DThrowing【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查现在分词做状语。句意:获胜球队的粉丝把帽子扔到天空,他们发出胜利的欢呼。分析句子结构可知,逗号前的部分充当状语,故用非谓语动词,the fans和throw是主动关系,故用现在分词形式,故选。19The _ boy was last seen _ near the bank of the lake.Amissing; playing Bmissing; play Cmissed; played Dmissed; to play【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:那个失踪的男孩最后被看见时正在
18、湖边玩。missing是形容词,作boy的定语,意思是“失踪的”。was last seen playing表示被看见时正在玩,play作宾语补足语,表示动作在进行,用现在分词。结合选项,故选A。20On the third floor there are two rooms, _ used as a meeting-room.Athe larger of which Bone of themCand a larger of them Dthe largest one of which【答案】B【解析】考查过去分词的独立主格结构。句意:三楼有两个房间,其中一个被用作会议室。如果选A项,是非限制
19、性定语从句,从句应该用一般过去时态的被动语态,此处used是过去分词,所以A错;如果选C项,中间加and表明是并列句,the+比较级,才表示“两个当中更大的”,故C项错;因为是两个房间,不可能出现最高级,故D项错;只有选B项是过去分词的独立主格结构,符合题意。【名师点睛】非谓语动词的独立主格结构一、独立主格结构的概念独立主格结构(Absolute Structure)是由名词或代词加上分词等构成的一种独立结构,用于修饰整个句子。独立主格结构中的名词或代词与其后的分词等构成逻辑上的主谓关系。这种结构与主句不发生句法上的联系,它的位置相当灵活,可置于主句前、主句末或主句中,常由逗号将其与主句分开。
20、需特别注意的是,独立主格结构与主句之间不能使用任何连接词。二、独立主格结构基本构成形式名词(代词)+现在分词(过去分词;形容词;副词;不定式;名词;介词短语)1. 名词(代词)+现在分词There being no bus, we had to walk home.由于没有公共汽车,我们只好走回家。2. 名词(代词)+过去分词The workers worked still harder, their living conditions greatly improved.由于工人们的生活条件大大提高,他们工作得更起劲了。3. 名词(代词)+不定式在“名词/代词+动词不定式”结构中,动词不定式和
21、它前面的名词或代词如果存在着逻辑上的主谓关系,动词不定式则用主动的形式;如果是动宾关系,则用被动形式。The four of us agreed on a division of labor, each to translate a quarter of the book.我们四人同意分工干,每人翻译全书的四分之一。21_ Beijing Opera to the basic education in China is a big step to promote traditional art.AAdding BAddedCAdd DHaving added【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动名词
22、做主语。句意:把京剧加入到中国基础教育中是提升传统艺术的一大步。根据句意可知句子缺主语,故用动名词做主语。故选A。22. He dressed himself quickly and _ his schoolbag, went to school.Acarried Bto carry Ccarrying DCarries【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他快速地穿衣,带着他的书包,去上学。f分析句子成分可知,carry his schoolbag作伴随状语,做谓语动词went to school的伴随状语用现在分词。故选C。23Chinas Change 4 robotic pr
23、obe entered lunar orbit on Wednesday, _ a major step in its mission to make a soft landing on the moons far side.Amarking Bto markChaving marked Dmarked【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:周三,中国的嫦娥4号机器人探测器进入月球轨道,标志着它在月球远端软着陆任务中迈出了重要一步。逗号前是主句,逗号后是非限制性定语,修饰整个主句,结合句意,主句和mark之间是主动关系,故用现在分词作定语,A选项正确。【点睛】不定式和现在分词均可用结果
24、状语,但两者用法有区别:现在分词用作结果状语,通常表示一种自然的结果,即属预料之中的事;不定式用作结果状语,主要表示没有预料到的情况或结果,即属预料之外的事。24(北京)_the early flight, we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.ACatching BCaughtCTo catch DCatch【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:为了赶上早班的飞机,我们提前叫了出租车并且起得很早。这里逻辑主语是we,空中用不定式作目的状语,表示提前交出租车并且早起的目的。故选C。【名师点睛】此题应抓住逻辑主语与从句的关
25、系,然后从句意中看出句子中缺少的成份,可以知道这里用不定式做目的状语,意思是“为了”,学生需要注意非谓语动词中现在分词、过去分词、不定式和各种动词在句子中做的成份,才可以做好此类题。25_ with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on timeATo face BFaced CFace Dfacing【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意为:面对这么多麻烦,我们不能按时完成任务。空格处为状语,前后主语一致都是we,face的用法为,sb face sth 或者sb be faced with sth,根据题中的with可
26、知,选B。26_ that the govemment can lead them out of the financial crisis, people are optimistic about the future of the country.AConvincing BConvincedCTo convince DHaving convinced【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意:确信政府会带领他们走出经济危机,人们对国家的未来很乐观。B. Convinced adj. 确信的;深信的; A. Convincing adj.令人信服的; C. To convince 使确信,不定式表目的;
27、 Convince 使确信,该句中意思为使人们相信,故对people来说是被动的,故应选convinced选B。考点:考查非谓语动词的用法。27The study, from academics at Harvard, claims _ the first clear evidence showing that when temperatures go up, school performance goes downAto have produced Bto produceCproducing Dbeing produced【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这项来自哈佛大学学者的
28、研究声称,它首次提供了明确的证据,表明气温上升时,在校表现会下降。claim to表示“声称做”,而且produce这个动作发生在claims之前,故A项正确。28_ your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.AUnderstanding BTo be understoodCBeing understood DHaving understood【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:了解你自己的需求和沟通方式与学
29、习传达你的感情和情绪同样重要。不定式(短语)或动名词(短语)均可作主语,区别在于不定式常表示将来,是特指;而动名词表示一般情况,是泛指。而本句指的是普遍现象,属泛指,故用动名词较好。故选A。29The news said that the death toll in the tsunami in Indonesia had climbed over 400, with a lot more reported _.Ato miss Bto have been missing Chaving missed Dmissing【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:新闻报道称,印尼海啸造成的死
30、亡人数已攀升至400多人,据报道还有更多人失踪。分析句子可知,be reported to do sth “被报道做某事”为固定短语,且在本句中被应用到with的复合结构中。本句中表示“be missing”发生在“report”之前,所以用动词不定式的完成时。故B选项正确。【点睛】动词不定式的时态和语态动词不定式有一般式、进行式、完成式、完成进行式四种时态变化形式,一般式和完成式有被动语态变化形式。1)不定式的时态意义不定式的时态是以句中谓语动词的时间为依据的。不定式的一般式不定式的一般式表示的动作或状态通常发生在谓语动词之后或同时发生不定式的进行式不定式的进行式表示其动作正在进行,与谓语动词发生的动作同时进行。不定式的完成式不定式的完成时表达下列意义:a. 不定式的完成式所表示的动作或状态发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。b. 用在intended, expected, meant, hoped, promised, planned, wished, thought, desired, was, were等词后,不定式的完成式表