1、届人教版必修1一轮复习Unit2English around the world单元学案设计23页2018届人教版必修1一轮复习：Unit2English around the world单元学案设计一单元话题阅读American and British EnglishAmerican and British English are dialects (方言) of English which have a recognized standard form and are equally acceptable in Academic English as long as the style a
2、nd register (语域) used are appropriately formal. There are no significant differences in the academic form of other varieties of English. These tend to resemble either the American or British form. For example, Australian English generally uses the same spelling as British English. Differences betwee
3、n British and American English.Throughout this page, blue is used to denote British English and red to denote American English. The most noticeable difference in the academic context is in spelling. There are also grammatical differences and vocabulary differences, although relatively few in formal
4、language.Spelling In general, both American and British spelling are acceptable, but it is important to be consistent, at least with the use of the same word - theatre or theater, but not both -and in your choice of ize or ise endings as in criticize or criticize, plagiarize or plagiarize. The Cambr
5、idge International Dictionary of English gives British, American and Australian English spelling. American spelling tends to reflect pronunciation and British spelling tends to reflect grammatical or historical implications(含义) as well.However, there may be advantages in using British spelling in ce
6、rtain situations. For instance, two forms: programme and program exist in British English. The former can be a noun referring to television programmes or programmes of events (plans, conferences, a theatre programme etc.). The latter can be a noun referring to computer programs. Both forms can be ve
7、rbs, but there is no spelling distinction between them except in the infinitive form (as in She learned how to program the computer to calculate the value of the pound against the Euro at twelve hourly intervals) and the present tense. If you wish to make reference to both meanings in your writing,
8、then British English makes a useful reference (meaning) distinction between the two, while American English has only one form program to refer to both. British English distinguishes between practice (noun) I havent done my cello practice yet and practise (verb) He practises the cello for ten minutes
9、 every morning. However, American English tends to use practice as both a noun and a verb. Students taking Cambridge examinations are advised to adopt the British system as this reflects the underlying(根本的) grammatical (part of speech) distinction. Grammatical differences There are few grammatical d
10、ifferences between American and British English that are of concern in Academic Writing. The past participles got and gotten are one of the most obvious differences, but they are rarely used in formal writing. The Euro has got/gotten rid of the currency exchange transactions (交易) which used to be ne
11、cessary before the single currency was instated (设置) is more likely to be formally expressed as The Euro has abolished the need for currency exchange transactions. American English accepts the use of the simple past tense with just, already and yet (Did you see him yet? /He just went out? /Did you g
12、o there already?) while British English requires the use of the present perfect (Have you seen him yet?/He has just gone out/Have you been there already?) In Academic English, the British form is preferable as the American form tends to be perceived as informal (rather than inaccurate). Particle dif
13、ferences - Clinton met with the representatives of the Daughters of the Revolution / Clinton met the representatives-are not significant, though British markers may correct the with as it seems informal. American English can make what British English considers to be uncountable nouns plural, for exa
14、mple technologies. When this occurs with formal, technical vocabulary in a specific context - the new technologies - British English, over time, tends to adopt the same form. Vocabulary differences There are many vocabulary differences-flat, pavement, tap, trousers or apartment, sidewalk, faucet, pa
15、nts, for example. Most cause few problems except where the same word has a different meaning. Pants in British English refers to underwear, for example. It may be wise to check with British friends in case meaning is different in English or in case a particular form does not exist in British English
16、. In general, the main object in Academic English is to communicate (remember Clarity and Reality particularly here) your message to your reader - probably your tutor or examiner - so bear their understanding and preferences in mind when you make decisions about the most appropriate form to use. Dor
17、een du Boulay, Sussex Language Institute 1998-2001.Web version by Matthew Platts. 二 单元基础知识回顾重点词汇come up【寓词于境】 阅读下列句子，并试着总结come up在句中的含义及用法。1. The final exam is coming up soon. Its time for us to start our studies.2. Come up to the front of the room, please.3. The seeds come up in spring.4. A few new
18、 questions came up at the meeting.【自我归纳】 come up意为：_（句1）；_（句2）；_（句3）；_（句4），用主动语态。【拓展】 come up with意为“提出，想出”。如：He came up with a new suggestion.【联想】 含come的其他短语：come about发生，造成 _跟着来，到来 _ 谈到，涉及 _ 出版_ 快点吧；得了吧（表示知道某人所说的话不正确）【即学即练】 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1. Now, where is my purse?_! Well be late for
19、 the picnic. A. Take your time B. Dont worry C. Come on D. Take it easy2. Its already 10 oclock. I wonder how it _ that she was two hours late on such a short trip. A. came over B. came out C. came about D. came up3. Most of us know we should cut down on fat, but knowing such things isnt much help w
20、hen it _ shopping and eating. A. refers to B. speaks of C. focuses on D. comes to 4. The seeds I sowed last week havent _ yet.A. come up B. come about C. come out D. come onplay a part (in)语境展示 阅读下列句子，注意play a part (in) 的意思。1. Nowadays English plays an important part in our daily communication.2. He
21、 played the part of the prince in our school play.自我归纳play a part (in)的意思是_（句1）; _（句2）。联想 类似的短语是play a role (in)。即学即练 翻译下列句子。1. 勇气对说好英语起着很重要的作用。2. 他在剧中扮演主角。Request寓词于境 阅读下列句子，注意request的词性及用法。1. He went to Jinan at the request of his manager.2. May I request you to stop talking?3. She requested that
22、we should go home right now.自我归纳a. request作_词（句1），常见短语是at the request of / at sb.s request，意思是_；b. request作_词（句2、句3），常构成短语request sb. to do sth.，意思是_；c. request后可接从句，从句中的谓语动词用should + 动词原形，should常可省略。即学即练 根据括号内的提示完成句子。1. I requested that nobody _ (上课迟到) tomorrow.2. The president attended the meeting
23、 _ (应我们的要求).Base【寓词于境】 阅读下列句子，并试着总结base在句中的词性、含义及用法。1. I based hopes on the news we had yesterday.2. This novel is based on historical facts.3. The base of the house is strong.4. Karl Marx made London the base for his revolutionary work.5. The air base was attacked by the enemy.【自我归纳】 base作_词，意思是_（句
24、1和句2），常用短语是：base sth. on / upon sth.，常用其被动形式be based on / upon。base作_词，意思分别是_（句3）；_（句4和句5）。【即学即练】 用base的适当形式填空。1. This book _ on a true story.2. Mary always _ her ideas on scientific experiments.3. There is a door at the _ of the tower.Straight寓词于境 阅读下列句子，注意straight的词性及用法。1. Her sister is a girl wit
25、h straight black hair.2. Go straight ahead along the road and you will find the cinema.3. Without wind the smoke rose straight up.自我归纳straight作_词（句1），意思是_; 作_词（句2和句3），意思是“不拐弯地，笔直地，直地”。注意 straight既是形容词，也是副词，副词与形容词同形。拓展 straighten v. 使变直。如：I straightened my tie and walked in.即学即练 翻译下列句子。1. 放学后直接回家来。2.
26、 他累得走都走不直了。3. 他们坐在一条直线上。Recognize寓词于境 阅读下列句子，注意recognize的用法。1. I can hardly recognize my classmate after five years.2. The United Nations recognized the new government.3. We recognized him to be a great man.4. White Pollution is recognized as one of the serious problems.自我归纳recognize 的意思是_（句1），_（句2）
27、;常见短语recognize sb. as / to be 的意思是_（句3、句4）。联想 类似的短语是consider . as / to be。即学即练 根据括号内的提示完成句子。1. Oh, its you! I _ (没有认出) you.Ive just had my hair cut, and I am wearing new glasses.2. Tom _ (被认为是) the tallest boy in our class.Because of【寓词于境】 阅读下列句子，并试着总结because of在句中的含义及用法。1. Because of the heavy rain
28、, we had to stay at home.2. I bought this dress because of its beautiful color.3. They didnt climb the mountain because of the rain【自我归纳】 because of意为“因为”，后跟_或代词。【联想】 because也意为“因为”，是连词，后接从句。如：He was worried because he hadnt had any letter from his son.【即学即练】 根据汉语提示，完成下列句子。因为污染严重，许多美丽的鱼正在迅速消失。Many b
29、eautiful fish are fast disappearing _ _ the severe pollution. Many beautiful fish are fast disappearing _ the pollution is severe.参考答案：come up【自我归纳】 到来；走近；长出来；被提出 【联想】 come along; come to; come out; come on 【即学即练】 1-4 CCDAplay a part (in)自我归纳 起作用；扮演角色即学即练1. Courage plays an important part / role in
30、speaking English well.2. He played the leading role in the play.request自我归纳 a. 名；应的要求 b. 动；请求某人做某事即学即练 1. (should) be late for class 2. at our request / at the request of usbase【自我归纳】 动；以为根据；名；根基，基础；基地【即学即练】 1. is based 2. bases 3. basestraight自我归纳 形容；直的；副即学即练 1. Come straight home after school.2. H
31、e was too tired to walk straight.3. They sat down in a straight line.recognize 自我归纳 认出；承认；认为是即学即练 1. didnt recognize 2. is recognized as / to beBecause of【自我归纳】 名词【即学即练】 because of; because 重点句式回顾请和你的同学一起认真分析下面句子，并补全所缺内容。这种学习方式能逐步提高你理解长难句的能力。1. Later in the next century, people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world and because of that, English began to be spoken
