1、be动词的一般现在时有三种形式1be动词的一般现在时有三种形式，即：am, is, are。1如果主语是第一人称I （我）时，be动词用am。如：I am a student.我是一名学生。I am还可缩写成Irrio女口：David.我是大卫。2如果主语是you （你，你们），they （他们，它们，她们）或名词复数 （两个以上的人或物）时，be动词必须用are。如：Are you twelve?你是十二岁吗？Tom and Lily are good friends.汤姆和莉莉是好朋友。They are at school.他们在学校。are与主语还可缩写。如：We are= Were,
2、They are =Theyre, You are = Youre。而 are 与 not 可缩写成 arento如：They arent students.他们不是学生。但是am与not不能缩写。3如果主语是单数名词、不可数名词或单数第三人称代词（he, she, it）时, be动词用iso如：My mother is a teacher.我的妈妈是一名老师。He is a student.他是一名学生。is也可与主语缩写，如：He is = Hes, My mother is = My mothers 但是 This is 不可缩写。而 is 与 not可缩写成isnto如：This i
3、snt a book.这不是一本书。根据以上叙述我们可以把动词的用法以口诀的形式表述出来：我（I）是am,你（you）是 are,乘ij卜is留给她（she），他（he），它（it）,两个以上都用are。英语的be动词是个用法比较复杂的动词。复杂的原因有两点：1、除了原形的be之外，对于不同人称代词以及单数名词和复数名词，be 会有各种变化形式和缩写形式。概括一下有七种形式：be,am,is,are,was,were,been,beingo它们与人称代词和名词单、复数的搭配 关系是：现在时 I am,you are,he/she/it/is,we/you/they are；名词单数、不可数名词
4、用 is,复数用are。缩略式 rm,youre,hes,were,youre,theyre否定缩略式 Im not,isnt,arent过去时 I was,you were,he/she/it/was,we/you/they were；名词单数、不可数 名词用was,复数用wereo否定缩略式wasnt,werent过去分词been现在分词being2、在句子中，be有两种主要作用：一是作为系动词(TheLinkingVerb),本身可以作用谓语动词；二是做为助动 词(TheAuxiliaryVerb),与谓语动词一起构成各种时态和被动语态等。下面做个简 要的讲解。一、be动词做系动词1、
5、系动词+表语的结构当be动词做系动词使用时，主要构成系动词+表语的结构，在句子中做 谓语。表语可以是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语等。例如：The man is a scienee teacher.Marys new dresses are colourful.Mother is in the kitchen now.I have been there beforeThey shall be here at 10:00tommorowThat cant be trueYou are not being very politeYour brother is being very annoying
6、this evening2、 be动词的一般疑问句，方法是把be移到主语前面，也可说成是移到句首。Is the man a scienee teacher?Yes,he is./No,he isnt.Are Marys new dresses colourful?Yes,they are./No,they arent.Was mother in the kitchen then?Yes,she was./No,she wasnt.Were you at home the day before yesterday?Yes,l was./NoJ wasnt.Was she late this mo
7、rning?Yes,she was./No,she wasnt.3、 be动词用在特殊疑问句在特殊疑问句里，be动词仍然移到主语前面，但特殊疑问句是以特殊疑问 词开头的，所以be动词只能说是移到主语前面，或者说是在特殊疑问词的后 面。例如：Whose bike is broken?Xiao Mings bike is.Who was sing in the room?Mr.Zhang was.Where are you from?l am from Wuhu.What class were you in?We were in Class2How old is Tom?He is ten.4、
8、be动词的否定句be动词做谓语时，它的否定形式是在be后加not,并且可以缩写。例 如：It is not sunny today.Tom and his friends are not in the park.You were not nine years old when I went to the university.He was not often late for his class when he was a student.I was nt here yesterday.My parents were nt at home last Sun day.5、be动词的祈使句be动词
9、的祈使句有肯定和否定两种形式。肯定形式是以be动词开头，而 否定形式或强调句形，要加dont或do。例如：Be careful!Be a good boy!Dont be silly!Dont be a fool!Do be obedient!Do be careful.二、be动词做助动词助动词be有两个基本用法，一是与谓语动词一起构成各种时态，二是构成 被动语态。1、 be+现在分词组成各种进行式时态。例如：Tonys maid is washing his new car.The children are playing in the field.Samuel was eating wh
10、en I came in.We have been living here since1959.This time next day they will be sitting in the cinema.2、 “be+过去分词组成被动语态。例如：Her money in the drawer was stolen.A number of good jobs are taken up byforeigners.David studied in Taiwan but has been trained as a Ianguage lecturer in America.The disobedient
11、 boy was told to stand out-side the classroom.Steps are being taken to reduce traffic con-gestion during peak hours.Dish on est stude nts will be immediately dealt with.3、being的分词短语being也是be的变化形式之一，它是be动词的现在分词。being 一般不 单独使用，而是构成系+表结构的分词短语，或者构成被动语态的短语。一般 情况下，可以把being短语作为一个词组来整体看待，它在句子中可以作为各种 成份，比如主语
12、、表语、定语、状语等。从大的方面说，being短语属于另外一 个语法项目，BP：现在分词（短语）的用法。关于分词（短语）的用法，请参看本站有关文章。这 里，结合全句做一点简单的提示。例如：Your brother is being very annoying this evening（表语）Being lost can be a terrifying experience（主语）He cant stand being kept waiting（宾语）Did you see that boy being questioned by the police?（定语）Being given a cha
13、nee,she immediately jumped at it（状语）The question being settled,we went home（构成独立主格结构）三、注意事项英语句子中，为了表达时态或被动语态的需要，常常会出现几个助动词连 在一块儿使用。也就是说，助动词be会和其它助动词一起使用。这时候，整个 句子的一般疑问句和否定句，就不一定是对be进行变化了，而是以第一个助动 词为主进行变化。即哪个助动词在先，就以它为主进行变化。例如：肯定句All the wonderful birds can be found in our Bird Park（助动词有两个:can be ）疑问
14、句Can all the wonderful birds be found in our Bird Park?（移第一个 can）否定句All the wonderful birds can not be found in our Bird Park（在第一个 can 后加not）肯定句I have been there before.（两个助动词：have,been ）疑 问句Have you been there before?否定句I have not been there before.肯定句I shall be having my supper at six tomorrow eve
15、ning（两个助动词：shall,be）疑问句Will you be having my supper at six tomorrow evening?否定句I shall not be having my supper at six tomorrow evening.四、巩固练习从下列各题后所给的四个选项中选择最佳答案填空。l.My father ill yesterday.A.isn*tB.arentC.wasntD.were nt2.your parents at home last week?A.lsB.WasC.AreD.Were3.The twins in Dalian last
16、year.They here now.A.are;wereB.were;areC.was;areD.were;was4. your father at work the day yesterday?A.Was;beforeB.ls;beforeC.Was;afterD.ls;after5.Who was on duty last Friday? .A.I amB.l wasC.YesJ wasD.NoJ wasntbe是一个多功能动词，在初级英语里可见四种用法：功能一，系动词bebe为连系动词，中心词义是”是“，句型为“主+系+表”结构。be的形式常 用 am, is, are（现在式）;wa
17、s, were（过去式）;will/can/may/must be（助动词/情态动 词+原形）；have/has/had been）助动词+过去分词）等。如I：To help animals is helping people.（一般现在时）The twins were very busy yesterday一般过去时）It will be sunny tomorrow.（一般将来时）She has been ill for over a week.（现在完成时）功能二，助动词be助动词be,无词义，辅助主要动词一起在句中作谓语动词。用法如下：1.be+doing：构成进行时态，有现在和过去两
18、种进行时态。如：The girls is reading and copying the new words now.Young Tom was always asking questions and trying out new ideas.2.be+done：构成被动语态（主语是动作的承受者，done必须是及物动词）。女口：Tea is grown in my hometown.（一般现在时的被动语态）This building was built three years ago.（一-般过去时的被动语态）Our classroom has been cleaned and tidied
19、already.（现在完成时的被动语态）How could this kind of cakes be made in your home?（含情态动词的被动语态）That is a day never to be forgotten.（动词不定式的被动语态）3.be+going to do,表示”打算或将要做某事”，be有现在和过去两种形式。如:We are going to plant trees in the park.4.be+to do，表示”按计划安排将要做某事”。女口：The new shop is not to be ope ned till n ext Monday. One
20、 n ight an an gel came toMary and told her that she was to have this special boy.功能三，there bethere be句式为：there be+主语部分+状语部分，表示”某处存在某物“，be常用现在时，过 去时和将来时等。如：Oh, cool! And there are many things to see. There is even a deer park in Sanya.There are about 80 pyramids in Egypt.Will there be a football matc
21、h in your school next week?功能四，实义be可以将be视为实义动词，因为它具有实际的词义，如“成为;做;发生;举行; 逗留;到达“等。如：His daughter wants to be a doctor for animals in her twenties.Kates birthday party will be at half past six this evening.Jim has been in China formorethan two years, but he has not yet been to Yichang.Be动词练习题1.There (b
22、e)ma ny mon keys in the mountain.2.There (be)a beautiful garden in our school.3.There (be)some water in the glass.4.There (be)some bread on the table.5. (be)Tom (read) a book now?6.Where (be) your friends yesterday?7.(go) to work?When (do)your father usually 8.How old (beO you last year?9.Which dog (be)yours?10.Ten and two (be) twelve.
