1、考研英语湖南长沙理工大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道附答案解析【考研英语】2021年4月湖南长沙理工大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】They were, by and large, a very wealthy, privileged elite. A、元素 B、住所 C、精英 D、裁定【正确答案】C【答案解析】elite n. 精英；精华；中坚分子。第2题【单选题】The farm is set right next to a beautiful flood plain and the property is home to trees that hav
2、e lived for thousands of years. All of the villages throughout Botswana（博茨瓦纳）have their own chief who controls a certain amount of land. We had the opportunity to sit in on a meeting with the chief of Katchikow, which we called it “Catch a Cow.” In the meeting we discussed starting a hydroponics far
3、m in his area. He seemed to be all for it and said that it was gods plan that the project we were helping with had come to his area.The chief of each village _. A、is called Katchikow B、supports the idea of hydroponics farm C、has a certain amount of land D、has a meeting each week【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。细节理
4、解题。根据所考关键词chief迅速锁定本段介绍chief的内容。每个村庄都会有一个自己的首领，而每个首领都拥有一定量的土地。第3题【单选题】Id better not catch _ that again! A、your doing B、you doing C、you to do D、you being doing【正确答案】B【答案解析】如同感观动词一样，下面这些动词后只能跟代词的宾格或名词的通格（如him，Mary），其后是“动词ing”：start，keep，stop，catch，find，leave，如：When are you going to start him working f
5、or us?第4题【单选题】Many artists express their world view in their work. A、present B、preliminary C、neglect D、necessity【正确答案】A【答案解析】express 表达；present 提出；介绍；呈现。第5题【单选题】There is a lot of luck in drilling for oil. A、以钻探的方法找石油有很大的偶然性。 B、以钻探的方法找石油全靠运气了。 C、钻探石油有很大的偶然性。 D、钻探石油是很幸运的事。【正确答案】C【答案解析】drilling for oil
6、 表示“钻探石油”；a lot of luck本意表示的是“运气”，在本句中可以翻译为“偶然性”。第6题【单选题】Only by shouting at the top of his voice _. A、was he able to make himself hear B、he was able to make himself hear C、he was able to make himself heard D、was he able to make himself heard【正确答案】D【答案解析】Only+状语by shouting at the top of his voice置于句
7、首，其后的句子部分倒装，所以答案B、C不正确。make sb. do sth.让某人做make sb. done 让某人被 根据句意，本句应该选择make sb done。make himself heard：使他自己被听见。所以答案是D。第7题【单选题】This is how a rocket works. It is not made of rubber like a balloon, of course. It is made of metal. The metal must not be heavy but it must be very strong. There is gas in
8、side the rocket which is made very hot. When it rushes out of the end of the rocket, the rocket is pushed up into the air. A rocket is pushed up into the air when _. A、hot gas rushes out of its head B、it is powered by gas C、hot gas rushes out of its bottom D、hot gas rushes out of its neck【正确答案】C【答案解
9、析】请看到最后一句话When it rushes out of the end of the rocket.第8题【单选题】Unemployment seems to be the _ social problem in this area and may undermine social stability. A、prevalent B、primitive C、previous D、premature【正确答案】A【答案解析】prevalent“普遍的，流行的”。根据题意，正确答案应选A。第9题【单选题】In this world of change and complexity, the
10、need for information is of greatest importance. Those people who have accurate, reliable up-to-date information to solve the day-to-day problems, the critical problems of their business, social and family life, will survive and succeed Knowledge is power may well be the truest saying and access to i
11、nformation may be the most critical requirement of all people.We can learn from the paragraph that _. A、it is necessary to obtain as much knowledge as possible B、people should make the best use of the information accessible C、we should realize the importance of accumulating information D、it is of vi
12、tal importance to acquire needed information efficiently【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。本段作者指出：“当今世界多变、复杂，信息对人至关重要。人们要学会利用准确、可靠、最新的信息来解决日常问题及他们工作和社会交往、家庭生活中的重大问题，只有这样的人才能生存、才能成功。知识就是力量，获取信息是对所有人的最重要的要求”。从该段中我们得知D项it is of vital important to acquire needed information efficiently（有效地获取所需信息是至关重要的）为正确答案。而A项只强调信息的量；B
13、项强调充分利用所获得的信息，而原文强调的是需要信息；C项强调应该意识到积累信息的重要性，这在该段中并未提及。第10题【单选题】I have finished a large part of the book; the rest _ more difficult. A、is B、are C、was D、were【正确答案】A【答案解析】the rest= the rest part of the book，是不可数的，所以谓语动词用单数形式。 第11题【单选题】He suggested the person referred _ put into prison. A、is B、be C、to b
14、e D、should be【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。referred to 过去分词作定语，be put into prison是宾语从句的谓语部分。学生由于粗心，容易误选B或者D。第12题【单选题】It is amusing that she _ her fathers bad temper as well as her mothers good looks. A、inherited B、retained C、preserved D、maintained【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题的B、C 和D选项虽然意思有些相近，但从题句意来看只有A符合题意。inherit“经遗传而得（性格、
15、特征等）”。第13题【单选题】All plays are alike to me just as all music is alike to Tony. A、所有的戏剧对于我就像所有的音乐对托尼一样。 B、正如托尼对音乐毫无欣赏一样，我对戏剧也是一窍不通。 C、我对戏剧就像托尼对音乐一样，非常欣赏。 D、正如托尼喜欢所有的音乐一样，我也非常喜欢所有的戏剧。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。本题主要考查英语结构。有些句子虽然没有使用否定句，也没有使用具有否定意味的动词、名词、形容词等，但是上下文却暗示着一种否定意味。allis/are alike 可直译为：“（对某人来说）都一样”，言外之意是
16、说自己没能力加以辨别或欣赏。第14题【单选题】Frankfurt, Germany, is one of the most _ populated regions of West Europe. A、densely B、vastly C、enormously D、largely【正确答案】A【答案解析】densely稠密的。vastly广泛的。enormously巨大的/庞大的。largely主要的/很大程度上。第15题【单选题】Once _, it can never be forgotten. A、seen B、seing C、is seen D、have been seen【正确答案】A
17、【答案解析】分词作状语时，是用现在分词还是过去分词，要看它与句子主语的关系。在此see和it的关系是被动的，所以用过去分词。句意：一旦见了那件东西，它就永远不会被忘记。 第16题【单选题】This television program provoked a spirited debate in the United Kingdom. A、dispute B、issue C、lump D、prejudice【正确答案】A【答案解析】debate 辩论；辩论会；dispute 辩论；争吵。第17题【单选题】Watching me pulling the calf awkwardly to the
18、barn, the Irish milkmaid fought hard to hold back her laughter. A、check B、keep C、stop D、retain【正确答案】A【答案解析】hold back 抑制，控制。check克制，抑制（做某事或表露感情）。参考译文：看见我笨手笨脚地把牛牵向牲口棚，那位爱尔兰挤奶女工竭尽全力克制自己不笑出声来。第18题【单选题】Robert Bell suggests that until more research is completed the government should ban construction of ph
19、one towers from within a 500 meter radius（半径） of school grounds, child care centers, hospitals, sports playing fields and residential areas with a high percentage of children. He says there is emerging evidence that children absorb low-level radiation at a rate more than three times that of adults.
20、He adds that there is also evidence that if cancer sufferers are subjected to radiation the growth rate of the disease accelerates（提高）.Who absorb low-level radiation at a higher rate than the others? A、Children. B、Men. C、Women. D、Old people.【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段第三句话提到：He says there is emerging evidence th
21、at children absorb low-level radiation at a rate more than three times that of adults. 从这句话可以看出答案是A。第19题【单选题】The little boys face, his look of fear and desperation, his cries for helpthe choice was made in our intrinsic love for children. A、那孩子的脸，那脸上恐惧和绝望的表情，他那呼救的声音，我们固有的对孩子的爱就为我们拿定了主意。 B、那孩子的脸，那脸上恐
22、惧和绝望的表情，他那呼救的声音，我们固有的对孩子的爱使我们做出了选择。 C、看一看那孩子的脸，那脸上恐惧和绝望的表情，听一听他那呼救的声音，我们固有的对孩子的爱就为我们拿定了主意。 D、看到那孩子的脸，脸上害怕和绝望的表情，听到他那呼救的声音，我们固有的对孩子的爱就为我们做出了选择。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。本题考查的知识点为增词或减词。原文是三个名词词组，译文为了行文的需要，加了“看一看”和“听一听”。第20题【单选题】This television program provoked a spirited debate in the United Kingdom. A、disput
23、e B、issue C、lump D、prejudice【正确答案】A【答案解析】debate 辩论；辩论会；dispute 辩论；争吵。第21题【单选题】Peter has a changeable character. A、role B、disposition C、symbol D、nature【正确答案】B【答案解析】character 性格，品质；disposition 性情。第22题【单选题】The benefit of it would compensate danger. A、补偿 B、支持 C、惊奇 D、允许【正确答案】A【答案解析】compensate vt. 补偿，赔偿；付
24、报酬。第23题【单选题】The United States perceives itself to be a middle-class nation. However, middle class is not a real designation, nor does it carry privileges. It is more of a perception, which probably was as true as it ever could be right after World War II. The economy was growing, more and more peopl
25、e owned their own homes, workers had solid contracts with the companies that employed them, and nearly everyone who wanted a higher education could have one. The information in this passage deals with_. A、an individual B、a social and economic group C、a political organization D、Government【正确答案】B【答案解析
26、】通过阅读本段，middle class中产阶级是一个群体，选答案B。第24题【单选题】They took _ measures to prevent poisonous gases from escaping. A、fruitful B、beneficial C、valid D、effective【正确答案】D【答案解析】fruitful多产的/成功的。beneficial有益的。valid有效的（法律/时间）/正当的。effective有效的。第25题【单选题】Spiders are not insects, as many people think, nor even nearly re
27、lated to them. A、正如许多人认为的那样，蜘蛛并不是昆虫，甚至和昆虫一点关系都没有。 B、蜘蛛并不像许多人认为的那样是昆虫，它和昆虫一点关系都没有。 C、正如许多人认为的那样，蜘蛛就是昆虫，和昆虫密不可分。 D、蜘蛛正像许多人认为的那样不是昆虫，它和昆虫一点关系都没有。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。本题需要注意as many people think，表示的是“许多人认为蜘蛛是昆虫”；此外nor在此处表示的是否定，即“它和昆虫一点关系都没有”。第26题【单选题】He transplanted the little tree to the garden _ it was th
28、e best time for it. A、where B、when C、that D、until【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。此题应选B。这是when引导时间状语从句。句意：他把小树在最合适的时候移植到花园。第27题【单选题】He was very busy yesterday； otherwise, he _ to the meeting. A、would come B、came C、would have come D、will come【正确答案】C【答案解析】otherwise经常可以搭配虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反。 第28题【单选题】Scarcely less importa
29、nt than machinery in the agricultural revolution was science A、在农业革命中，科学没有机械重要。 B、在农业革命中，机械没有科学重要。 C、在农业革命中，科学和机械几乎同等重要。 D、在农业革命中，机械和科学都不怎么重要。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。本句考查程度副词的翻译。本句的翻译重点是Scarcely less important，scarcely是程度副词，意思是“几乎不，简直没有。它本身带有否定的意思。less important意思是 “不如重要”，而加scarcely之后，双重否定表示肯定，意思是两者是差不多同样
30、重要的，所以应该选C。第29题【单选题】I _ four universities and was accepted by all of them. A、applied to B、applied from C、applied in D、applied off【正确答案】A【答案解析】题目意思：我申请了四所大学，并都被他们录取了。apply to 向正式申请；向要求，答案选A。第30题【单选题】People in earlier eras were surrounded by reminders of misery. They worked until exhausted, lived with
31、 few protections and died young. In the West, before mass communication and literacy, the most powerful mass medium was the church, which reminded worshippers that their souls were in danger and that they would someday be meat for worms. Given all this, they did not exactly need their art to be a bummer too.The word “bummer” (Line 5, paragraph 5) most probably mean
