1、实用英语第一册教案docUnit 1Text A CollegeA New ExperiencIntroduction and outline 1 Introductory questions Is your college life the same as you expected? What came into your mind when you became a college student? Are people around you at college nice and friendly to you? 2 Introductory remarks college is a p
2、lace many young people are longing for. They are fond of college life for different reasons. In this passage, the author gives us her reasons why she likes college. 3 Outline para.1:Brings up the main idea of the article :Being on my own,talking with friendly people,and having Fridays off these are
3、just some things Ilike about college. Para.2:Living at college gives me a sense of responsibility of being on my own. Para.3:Friendly peoplePara.4:Ilove having Fridays offPara.5:ConclusionNew words and phrasesadjust to: to get used to by changing behavior or ideas e.g. We must adjust ourselves to th
4、e new situation.我们必须适应新的形势。 The body adjusts itself to changes in temperature.（人的）身体自身能适应气温的 变化.handle:control;deal with eg My secretary will handle all the details. handle的用法： e.g. handle a machine开机器，这里handle的意思是操纵，驾驭 Wash your hands before handling your plates. 洗手后再拿盘子。此句中“handle”指的是“触，摸，拿”。 Shes
5、 very good at handling difficult customers. 她很善于（很会）对待不同的顾客。 “handle”这儿是“cope with”的意思。 handle还有另一种意思是表示“经营，买卖” e.g. This shop handles paper and stationery. 这家商店经营文具和纸张account: 1. 帐户，帐目 eg Have you got a bank accunt?open the account 2.a written or spoken description of an event eg She gave a vivid a
6、ccount of her recent visit to China at the meeting yesterday. 3. 同account一起构成的习语有： take in account 考虑，重视 settle accounts with 与某人结清帐目，喻算帐account for （1）说出钱的用途 （2）说明（原因等）（3）（指数量等）占 e.g. account to sb. for the expenditure 向某人汇报开支 That accounts for delay of the train . 那就是火车晚点的原因。 The students with hig
7、h marks of over 80 accounts for the overwhellming majority in this English exam. 在这次英语考试中，八十分以上的学生占多数。 Grammatical structure 1Being on my own, talking with friendly people, and having Fridays off三个平行的分词短语独立结构就，排比句的修辞手法。(be)on ones way:be independent eg We are expected to solve the problem on our own
8、. 2be supposed to : should, must, be expected to 应该，必须， 被期望 e.g. Who is supposed to look after the room? You are supposed to be responsible for them? 3Thats where were going. 强调句 即：Thats the place were going to. 英语中特有的一种强调句句型是：It is/was+强调部分+that/who+句子其他成分。 e.g. It is he who will be taught by me. I
9、t is from the orange that we can get vitamin C. Detailed study of the text 1so I have many things to adjust to (para. 1) I have something to do: 此句型属动词不定式结构，不定式作名词或代词的修饰语。 e.g. Mary needs a friend to play with. There was really nothing to fear. 2These are just some things I like about college.(para.
10、1) “some”“一些”多用在肯定句中，否定句和疑问句中则用 “any”，此句中的some 作定语。 e.g. I have some questions. 我有一些问题。 Is there any ink in your pen? 你的钢笔里有墨水吗？ “some”除了作“一些”讲以外，还可以表示“某个”的意思。 e.g. I have read that in some magazine. 这个我在某一本杂志上读过。 3. Everything I do has to be my decision, and that gives me the responsibility of hand
11、ling my own life.(para. 2) 这是个并列句。在第一个句子中主语是everything, 谓语是情态动词has to +be 的结构，my decision 作表语。主语和谓语之间的I do 主谓结构作everything 的定语。在第二个句子中that 主语指代 的是第一个句子的全部内容。及物动词give 作谓语。后面表示人称的me 作间接宾语，responsibility 作直接宾语。 4情态动词must 与have to 的用法和比较： must与 have to 均可表示必须，不同的是must 表示说话人的主观看法。have to 表示客观需要。 e.g. I d
12、ont like this TV set. We must buy a new one. 我不喜欢这台电视，我们必须买台新的。 This TV set doesnt work. We have to buy a new one. 这台电视机坏了，我们得买台新的。 应注意：must 只有现在形式，要表示过去或将来时间里的“必须”就要借助于 have to的某种形式。 e.g. We had to buy a new one. (had表示过去式) We will have to buy a new one. (will have表示将来式) 5Before that I looked in th
13、e phone book since I had no clue about any banks around here or where they were located. (para.2) 首先从课文的上下结构中明白Before that中“that”指的是什么？since连词表示原因，引导了一个原因壮语从句。 I had no clue = I had no any idea. where they were located. “they” 表示banks。这句话就等于：or the place where the banks were situated. be locate in/b
14、y/near:是个固定搭配，表示“坐落于，位于” e.g. The school is located out of the center of this city. 这所学校没有坐落在市中心。 The village is located at the foot of the Western Hill. 这个村子位于西山脚下。 The factory is located near the river. 这家工厂设置在河边。 “locate” 作及物动词，还可用主动语态： The search-light promptly located the enemy plane. 探照灯立即找到了敌
15、机。 Locate the position of the enemy. 探出敌人的阵地。 6I went to the bank and made decisions for myself-whether to have a checking or savings account and whether or not to get a MASTER card.(para.2) 此句乍一看很长，似乎不容易搞清楚它的语法结构。我们可以先分析一下破折号前的简单句：I went to the bank 和made decisions for myself 是两个简单句的并列。在第二个简单句中省略了主
16、语。破折号后面是不定式结构to have和not to get这两个不定式结构是连词 whetheror，whetheror not连接的，用来作名词decisions 的修饰语。 关于在银行开帐户，通常包括： checking account （支票存款帐户，活期存款帐户） deposit account （定期存款帐户） savings account （储蓄存款帐户） 7whether（conj.）的用法：whether一般用来表示犹疑两可，包含正反两面的问题。 （1）引导主语从句： Whether you speak at the meeting matters very much.
17、你在这次会上发不发言关系重大。 （2）引导宾语从句： The Gang of Four did not care whether the people were starving. “四人帮”并不管人民是否挨饿。 （3）在不定式之前： I havent made up my mind whether to learn English or to learn French. 是学英语还是法语，我还没决定。 （4）在介词后： In most part of our courtry agriculture still depends on whether there is enough timely
18、 rain. 在我国大部分地区，农业的收成依然取决于雨水是否充足，及时。 （5）在名词之后： Few surgeons can answer the question whether a person over ninety can survive a major operation. 年过九十在大手术之后能否残存这一问题，很少有医生能予以回答的。 （6）与 or not 同时用： Its difficult to say whether you can set a ticket or not. 你能不能得到一张票是很难说的。 8. That was one example of having
19、 reponsibility now that I am on my own and of making my own decisions.(para.2) That was one example that，example与that clause之间属同位语从句of having responsibility 所有格和后面的动名词作example的定语。“now”时间副词“现如今”。如果 now that 放在一起用，表示既然，说明的是一种新情况，意思是：as a consequence of the fact. e.g. You ought to write now that you kn
20、ow the address. 你既然知道地址就该写信了。 Now that it has stopped raining,lets go at once. 现在既然不下雨了，我们立刻走吧。 9on ones own 独立地 single-handed , all by oneself e.g. Do you believe that the 15-year-old girl has translated this English story into Chinese on her own? 这个十五岁的女孩子独自将这篇英语小说译成了汉语，你信吗？ The old lady is now on
21、 her own in a small town. 这位老太太现如今独自一人在小镇生活 10The Appositive Clause 同位语从句 e.g. The police expressed the opinion that the girl was partly responsible for the act. 警察发表意见说：这个女孩对此行为要负一定的责任。 The idea that all college students must learn two foreign languages is ridiculous. 让所有的大学生必须学两门外语 的想法是荒谬。 注意：在英语学
22、习中要能够区别同位语和定语之间的差别，因为同位语和定语从形式上看几乎一样，试区别： The news that Chinas womens volleyball team had won the world title soon spread all over the country. The news that spread all over the country is true. 第一个句子是同位语从句，由连词that引导，that在从句中没有语法功能。 第二个句子是定语从句，它由关系词that 引导，而that在从句中有语法功能。 11My parents arent around t
23、o say. (para. 2 ) around 的用法：首先around有两种拼写方式，英国人多用round。around既可以作介词又可以作副词。在此句中around是介词，表示在周围，在身边。 e.g. The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。 There are many trees around the Kunming Lake. 昆明湖周围有好多树。 用作副词的例子： e.g. The good news soon got around. 好消息很快就传开了。 Another autumn harvest season has come ar
24、ound. 又一个秋收季节来到了。 12“ No you are not going out tonight.” (para. 2 ) out 和 in 是一对反义词，表示出和进。 e.g. May I come in? 我可以进来吗？ Xiao Hong is out. 小红出去了。 in and out 进进出出 除此之外还有许多由and和in构成的介词短语。 e.g. A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难朋友才是真朋友。 in need (prep.+n. ) in front of the house ( in front of ) We hav
25、e already been out of the trouble. (out of ) 我们已摆脱了麻烦。13I came to Marymount University there in Virginia from New York and -even though Id been here before-I was a bit confused about where I was going.(para. 3) 整个句子中用了两个破折号，每个破折号后面都是一种层递 的关系。第一个句子为简单句，句子结构是：主语(I) + 谓语(came to ) +宾语(Marymount Univers
26、ity) +地点状语(there in Virginia).第二个句子是由even though引导的让步状语从句。从句中的时态 是过去完成时 ，主句中的谓语 是be confused这样一个固定搭配。介词about引导的以疑问词 where 打头的句子作介词的宾语，整个about 结构作句子的状语。需要注意的是about后面 虽然是疑问词，但后面的主谓不可颠倒，要用陈述句的语序。 14I was bit confused about where I was going.(para.3) I didnt know for sure where I was going. be confused
27、about: not be clear, dont know exactly what to do. e.g. Im afraid Im a little confused about these things. 对这些事情我恐怕有些糊涂了。 Many people are confused about the new way of measuring temperature. 许多人对测试温度的方法搞不大清楚。 15My mother drove in, not knowing the building we were supposed to go to, and the guard was
28、 especially nice ,with a smile, he told us what building we were looking for and where we could park our car. (para.3) 这是一个并列复合句 (Compound Complex Sentence) 。第一个句子 My mother drove in， “in” 表示进去，这里是指开车进入校园。 not knowing分词短语作伴随状态，其中的 we were supposed to go to 作building的定语。and the guard was especially n
29、ice 这个句子（主+谓+表语）同My mother drove in 是并列的，后面的with a smile 为方式状语，修饰后面的 he told us, us 后面的直接宾语是个从句，这个从句中又含有两个并列的句子，一个是以疑问代词 (what) 打头的，一个是以疑问副词 (where)打头的。 what building we were looking for 在这个句子中, we 作主语，were looking for 过去进行时作谓语。(what) building 作宾语。“保卫人员告诉我们哪个是我们要找的大楼。” where we could park our car. w
30、here 问的是地点，作状语。could 是情态动词can 的过去式，表示“能够，能力”。保卫人员告诉我们哪里可以停车。 park: 既可以作名词又可以作动词。 n. 公园，停车场 e.g. This is a beautiful park! 这是个美丽漂亮的公园！ Im sorry, theres no any park here. 对不起，这儿没有停车场。 v. 停放（车辆，飞机等） e.g. Can we park the car here? 我们可以在这儿停车吗？ No Parking Here! 此处禁止停车！ parking meter（计算汽车停放时间的）停车计时器。 16. E
31、ven now I feel comfortable in the dorm because there are friendly people around to talk with. (para.3) 这是一个含原因状语从句的主从复合句，feel comfortable中feel 作系动词 (link v.)。comfortable 作表语。in the dorm 介词短语作状语，dorm 是 dormitory 的简写形式。because后面是个 there be的句型。 there are 作谓语 v. ，people 作主语。“around”在这里是个副词作状语。不定式 to talk with 作 people 的修饰语，people实际上就成了不定式的逻辑宾语。 e.g. There was a quarter of an hour to kill, so he walked down the river . 还有一刻钟的空闲，于是他就向河边走去。 There was really nothing to fear. 这真没有什么可害怕的。 talk with: 与某人交谈 talk to: 找某人谈话，表示
