1、Oracle 11g CentOS7 RAC安装教程Oracle 11g RAC安装教程CentOS7马飞2016-7-22一、安装概述2.1环境说明2.1.1 主机名及IP地址主机名网卡名IP地址子网网关备注RAC1eth0192.168.0.183255.255.255.0192.168.0.180Public eth110.0.0.183255.255.255.0Private192.168.0.200255.255.255.0vipRAC2eth0192.168.0.184255.255.255.0192.168.0.180Public eth110.0.0.184255.255.25
2、5.0Private192.168.0.201255.255.255.0vip192.168.0.202255.255.255.0Rac-scanlsb_release -a/etc/hosts#public ip192.168.0.183 rac1192.168.0.184 rac2#priv ip10.0.0.183 rac1-private10.0.0.184 rac2-private#vip ip192.168.0.200 rac1-vip192.168.0.201 rac2-vip#scan ip192.168.0.202 rac-scan2.1.2 关闭防火墙及selinuxsys
3、temctlstopfirewalld关闭防火墙systemctlmaskfirewalld停用2.1.3 集群及主机域名集群名称rac-cluster主机域名rac1.localdomainrac2.localdomain2.1.4 集群软件及数据版本软件版本11.2.0.1Oracle主目录/u01/app/11.2.02.1.5 主机对应的ASM序号主机ASM实例RAC1 ASM1RAC2 ASM22.1.6 ASM磁盘名称及表空间大小ASM磁盘及空间：OCR 2GFRA 2GDATA 10G2.1.7 操作系统及软件安装软件：虚拟机软件：vmware 12操作系统：CentOS7 64
4、位数据库：Oracle11g grid 64,Oracle11g database2.2环境准备操作系统： CentOS7 2.2.1创建账号及群组及密码 groupadd -g 700 oinstallgroupadd -g 701 dbagroupadd -g 702 opergroupadd -g 703 asmadmingroupadd -g 704 asmopergroupadd -g 705 asmdbauseradd -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba,asmadmin,asmoper -u 600 grid useradd -g oinstall -G dba,
5、oper,asmdba -u 601 oracle passwd oraclepasswd grid2.2.2创建安装目录并设置权限 mkdir -p /u01/app/oraclemkdir -p /u01/app/11.2.0/gridmkdir -p /u01/app/gridchown -R grid.oinstall /u01/app/ chown -R oracle.oinstall /u01/app/oracle chmod -R 775 /u012.2.3 安装依赖包X86: (Y)yum -y install binutils compat-libstdc+ elfutils
6、-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel elfutils-libelf-devel-static gcc gcc-c+ glibc glibc-common glibc-devel glibc-headers ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libgomp libstdc+ libstdc+-devel make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-develX64:(Y)yum -y install gcc gcc-c+ make binutils compat-libstdc+-33 elfutils-libelf elfu
7、tils-libelf-devel glibc glibc-common glibc-devel libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc+ libstdc+-devel unixODBC unixODBC-develCentOS 6 X86_64系统通过yum安装32位软件包的方法假如你要安装libjpeg的32位版本1、查询名称yum search libjpeg.i686复制代码2、一劳永逸的方法，这么做会同时安装32和64位版本。(Y)echo multilib_policy=all /etc/yum.conf2.2.4 安装rlwrap（1）上传readl
8、ine-6.2.tar.gz或通过该命令下载：wget ftp:/ftp.gnu.org/gnu/readline/readline-6.2.tar.gztar zxvf readline-6.2.tar.gzcd readline-6.2./configuremake & make install或者：yum -y install readline-devel(2)上传rlwrap-0.37.tar.gztar zxvf rlwrap-0.37.tar.gzcd rlwrap-0.37./configure报错：configure: WARNING: No termcap nor curse
9、s library foundyum install readline-develmake & make install2.2.3配置/etc/profile环境变量 vim /etc/profile if $USER=oracle | $USER=grid ; then ulimit -u 16384 -n 65535fiexport PATH=$PATH:/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/binalias grep=grep -color=auto alias sqlplus=rlwrap sqlplus source /etc/profile 生效配置2.2.4添加oracle用
10、户环境变量 suoraclevi /home/oracle/.bash_profileexportORACLE_UNQNAME=prodexportORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracleexportGRID_HOME=/u01/app/11.2.0/gridexportORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1exportORACLE_SID=prod2exportPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/usr/sbin:$PATHexportLD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr
11、/libexportCLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlibaliassqlplus=rlwrapsqlplussource /home/oracle/.bash_profile2.2.5添加grid用户环境变量 #su- grid$vim/home/grid/.bash_profileexportORACLE_SID=+ASM1exportORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/gridexportORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/11.2.0/gridexportPATH=$PATH:
12、$ORACLE_HOME/binexportNLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBKsource /etc/profile 生效配置2.2.6 配置内核参数（1）修改系统资源限制vi /etc/security/limits.conf* - nofile 655350* - nproc 655350vi /etc/pam.d/loginsession required pam_limits.so (2) 修改内核参数vi /etc/sysctl.confnet.ipv4.ip_local_port_range= 9000 65500fs.file-max = 681
13、5744kernel.shmall = 10523004kernel.shmmax = 6465333657kernel.shmmni = 4096kernel.sem = 250 32000 100128net.core.rmem_default=262144net.core.wmem_default=262144net.core.rmem_max=4194304net.core.wmem_max=1048576fs.aio-max-nr = 10485762.2.7 配置NTP服务关闭系统自带的NTP服务，使用ORACLE自已的时间同步软件chkconfig ntpd offmv /etc
14、/ntp.conf /etc/ntp.conf.bak2.2.8 配置udev映射磁盘名称Asmlib不支持了，无法找到符合的内核版本首先使用命令（1）在vmware里创建共享磁盘vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 2g -a lsilogic -t 2 D:virtoracl11gRAC(Centos7)shareocr_vote.vmdkvmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 2g -a lsilogic -t 2 D:virtoracl11gRAC(Centos7)sharefra.vmdkvmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c
15、-s 8g -a lsilogic -t 2 D:virtoracl11gRAC(Centos7)sharedata.vmdk（2）在rac1.vmx文件末尾增加以下内容：#shared disks configuredisk.EnableUUID=TRUEdisk.locking = FALSEscsi1.shared = TRUEdiskLib.dataCacheMaxSize = 0diskLib.dataCacheMaxReadAheadSize = 0diskLib.dataCacheMinReadAheadSize = 0diskLib.dataCachePageSize= 409
16、6diskLib.maxUnsyncedWrites = 0 scsi1.present = TRUEscsi1.virtualDev = lsilogicscsil.sharedBus = VIRTUALscsi1:0.present = TRUEscsi1:0.mode = independent-persistentscsi1:0.fileName = D:virtoracl11gRAC(Centos7)shareocr_vote.vmdkscsi1:0.deviceType = diskscsi1:0.redo = scsi1:1.present = TRUEscsi1:1.mode
17、= independent-persistentscsi1:1.fileName = D:virtoracl11gRAC(Centos7)sharefra.vmdkscsi1:1.deviceType = diskscsi1:1.redo = scsi1:2.present = TRUEscsi1:2.mode = independent-persistentscsi1:2.fileName = D:virtoracl11gRAC(Centos7)sharedata.vmdkscsi1:2.deviceType = diskscsi1:2.redo = (3) 首先使用命令,获取磁盘uuid/
18、lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d /dev/sdb/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d /dev/sdc/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d /dev/sdd下面是批量获取scsi_idfor i in a b c ddo echo sd$i /lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d /dev/sd$idonesdb 36000c29ce432d3b61411adbdd1e90229sdc 36000c2986946ea26ac6315497aa60a67sdd 36000c2989a162fb632d4e15048577b72注意
19、：虚拟机中必须在vmx文件中增加disk.EnableUUID=TRUE后，并重启系统后才有结果。#显示所有已格化式后的磁盘的UUIDblkid 或 ls -l /dev/disk/by-uuid/#查看分区信息，以树型列出lsblk #格式化逻辑分区mkfs.xfs /dev/sdb1(4) 配置/etc/udev/rules.d/，修改result配置项为刚获取的配置id虚拟机配置文件加上disk.EnableUUID =trueACTION=add|change,KERNEL=sd*,ENVID_BUS=scsi,PROGRAM=/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d $d
20、evnode,RESULT=36000c29ce432d3b61411adbdd1e90229,SYMLINK=asm-ocr,OWNER=grid,GROUP=asmadmin,MODE=0660ACTION=add|change,KERNEL=sd*,ENVID_BUS=scsi,PROGRAM=/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d $devnode,RESULT=36000c2986946ea26ac6315497aa60a67,SYMLINK=asm-fra,OWNER=grid,GROUP=asmadmin,MODE=0660ACTION=add|change,KER
21、NEL=sd*,ENVID_BUS=scsi,PROGRAM=/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d $devnode,RESULT=36000c2989a162fb632d4e15048577b72,SYMLINK=asm-data1,OWNER=grid,GROUP=asmadmin,MODE=0660(5) 测试是否生效udevadm test /block/sdbudevadm test /block/sdcudevadm test /block/sddsystemctlrestartsystemd-udevdll /dev/asm*lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root
22、root 3 Jul 26 23:55 /dev/asm-data1 - sddlrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 3 Jul 26 23:55 /dev/asm-fra - sdclrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 3 Jul 26 23:55 /dev/asm-ocr - sdb(6)重启udev服务systemctl restart systemd-udevd2.2.9 设置账号信任关系 #创建oracle账号的密钥文件su oraclessh-keygen -t rsacd .sshcat id_rsa.pub authorized_keysssh oracle
23、rac2 cat /.ssh/id_rsa.pub authorized_keysscp authorized_keys known_hosts oraclerac2:/home/oracle/.ssh#创建grid的密钥文件#su-gridssh-keygen -t rsacd .sshcat id_rsa.pub authorized_keysssh gridrac2 cat /.ssh/id_rsa.pub authorized_keysscp authorized_keys known_hosts gridrac2:/home/grid/.ssh#测试信任关系,是否可以无密码进行登录sshrac1datesshrac2date2.1集群软件安装2.1.1安装前验证 ./runcluvfy.sh stage -pre crsinst -n rac1,rac2 2.1.2 vnc配置 2.2数据库软件安装 2.3创建数据库二、总结Redhat 下载地址：下载地址：参考文章： 设置共享磁盘：虚拟机如果配置多块网卡时，如果发生不能上网问题时，需要检查可以上网的网卡名，网卡名排序，小的在前，大的在后，是否一致，需要上网的IP需排在前面，多台虚拟机需保持一致。
