1、学年 外研版 选修6 Module5 Cloning 单元测试 5模块质量测评五(Module 5)(时间：90分钟满分：120分)第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节：(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。AA new study shows that fat people in the United States suffer direct economic and social effects because of their size. The findings are from an 8year study
2、 of about 100 000 people. The people studied were between the ages of 16 and 25 when the research began.The researchers who carried out the study say they consider the people fat if they are in the top of 5% of the measurement in which weight is connected with height. For example, fat women in the s
3、tudy were about 160 centimeters tall and weighed about 90 kilograms. Fat men in the study were about 175 centimeters tall and weighed 100 kilograms. The researchers say that more than 1 000 000 Americans are that big. The researchers found that fat young women were more likely to lose social and eco
4、nomic power even if they were from wealthy families. The fat women also were 20% less likely to get married and they earned an average of about $6 700 a year less than other women. The study showed less severe effect on fat men. They earned an average of about $ 3 000 a year less than other men. Fat
5、 men also were 11% less likely to get married.1From this passage we know fat people in America were _.AadmiredBrespectedCunhealthy Dunpopular2Which of the following was NOT mentioned in this passage?AThe reason why fat people suffered. BThe cause that caused people to be fat.CThe standard of fat peo
6、ple. DThe number of fat people.3The underlined word “severe” means _.Aeconomic Bsocial Cserious Dfavorable4Fat people were inferior to(比差)other people in _.Abrain, human rights and payment Bincome, marriage and political rightsCbrain, education and marriage Dmarriage, getting jobs and income答案与解析：1解
7、析：推理判断题。根据第一段首句“一项新的研究表明在美国肥胖者因他们的体型受直接的经济和社会影响之苦。”可判断肥胖者在美国是不受欢迎的。unpopular不受欢迎的。admiredrespected受尊敬的；unhealthy不健康的。答案：D2解析：推理判断题。本文主要讲了在美国有很多肥胖者，肥胖者的人数、肥胖的标准以及为何肥胖者会受经济、社会的影响之苦。文章没有提到造成肥胖者肥胖的原因。答案：B3解析：词义猜测题。从上下文看，美国的肥胖男士所受经济影响不太严重，他们的年均收入大约比正常男士少3 000美元。severe相当于serious，严重的。其他几项不合语境。答案：C4解析：细节理解题
8、。本文主要讲了肥胖者在婚姻、找工作及收入方面与正常人的差别。没有提及在智力、人权和教育等方面的问题。答案：DBFrom the moment that an animal is born, it has to make decisions. It has to decide which of the things around it are for eating, and which are to be avoided; when to attack and when to run away. The animal is, in fact, playing a very dangerous g
9、ame with its environment, a game in which it must make decisions a matter of life or death.Animals ability to act reasonably is believed to come partly from what we may call “genetic(遗传性的)learning”， which is different from the individual(个体的) learning that an animal does in the course of its own lif
10、etime. Genetic learning is learning by a species animals of the same kind as a whole, and it is achieved by selection of those members of each generation that happen to act in the right way. However, the role of genetic learning depends upon how similar the future environment is to the past. The mor
11、e important individual experience is likely to be, the less important is genetic learning as a means of getting over the problems of the survival game. Because most animals live in ever changing environments from one generation to the next, it is not surprising to find that very few species indeed d
12、epend wholly upon genetic learning.In the great majority of animals, their particular ways of acting in a new environment are a compound(复合体) of individual experience added to the action patterns animals are born with. That is why animals can survive.5The animals life will come to an end _.Aif the a
13、nimal makes a wrong decisionBif the animal plays a dangerous gameCwhen the animal attacks its enemyDwhen the animal runs too slowly6Very few species depend entirely on genetic learning because _.Aeach generation has its own way of learningBtheir environments change all the timeCthey can act reasonab
14、ly on their ownDit takes their whole life to learn7When the environment doesnt change much, _.Aanimals cant act in a right wayBgenetic learning is less important for animalsCindividual learning plays a less important roleDanimals cannot get over problems on their own8Animals living on generation aft
15、er generation depends on _.Atheir natural action pattern with their own experienceBthe lessons they have learnt during their lifetimeCtheir experience in particular environmentsDthe knowledge passed on by their parents答案与解析：5解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“.must make decisions a matter of life or death.”可知如果选择错了
16、就会死掉。答案：A6解析：细节理解题。根据“. animals live in ever changing environments .it is not surprising to find that very few species indeed wholly upon genetic learning.”这句可知每一代都生活在一直变化的环境中，所以很少生物完全依赖遗传性的学习。答案：B7解析：推理判断题。因为遗传性学习的作用依赖于环境变化程度，所以环境变化小，那遗传性学习作用就大。答案：C8解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“.are a compound of individual exp
17、erience added to the action patterns animals are born with. That is why animals can survive.”可知物种的生存依赖于本能和生存经验。答案：ACIn many countries the standard of living enjoyed by their people had increased rapidly in recent years. Sadly, not everyone in these countries is so fortunate and many people in rich c
18、ountries are homeless.The reasons for homelessness are various, but poverty(贫穷) is undoubtedly one of the main causes. The homeless people may have become jobless and then been unable to pay their rent and so no longer have a_roof_over_their_heads. Often, the fact that unemployed people get help fro
19、m the government prevents this from happening, but not always.Some homeless people are mentally ill and have no one to look after them. Some are young people who, for one reason or another, have left home and have nowhere to live. Many of them have had a serious disagreement with their parents and h
20、ave left home, choosing to go to a city and live on the streets. Sometimes they have taken such action because they have been unable to get on with a stepparent.Many homeless people get into the habit of begging to get enough money to stay alive, but many of the general public refuse to give anythin
21、g to beggars. Often they are moved on by the police, being accused(指控), whether rightly or wrongly, of forceful begging. There are many who disrespect homeless people.Some cynics(愤世嫉俗的人) declare that homeless people choose to live the life which they lead. But who would willingly choose to live in a
22、 shop doorway, under a bridge or in a cardboard box?9According to the text, what causes some people to be homeless?ALack of money.BThe increased standard of living.CNo government help.DAgreement with their parents.10It can be inferred from the text that _.Athe homeless are willing to live under a br
23、idge or in a cardboard boxByou will not find homeless people in countries with a high standard of livingCthe mentally ill live on the streets because they want the company of other homeless peopleDthe unemployed who receive help may still be among the homeless11In Paragraph 2, “a roof over their hea
24、ds” most probably means _.Aa cap Ba carCa home Da covering12The author thinks that the homeless people are _.Apitiful BtroublesomeCrespectable Dadmirable答案与解析：9解析：由文章第二段的.but poverty is undoubtedly one of the main causes可知A项为正确答案。答案：A10解析：推断题。从文中第二段最后一句可推知。答案：D11解析：猜测词义题。由第二段第二句至第三句可得出答案。答案：C12解析：考查
25、分析作者的态度、观点。文章介绍了导致人们homeless的几个原因，最后一段反问句的出现，都体现出作者对homeless people的同情。答案：AD(2013河北唐山高二检测)Cloning is a very controversial topic since it affects moral questions about human beings and other living things alike. In February 1997, scientists announced the birth of the first cloned sheep, which opened
26、up future possibilities for cloning. Scientists have cloned both plants and animals successfully. The next step is to clone an actual human being. Before the experiments could begin on this, governments introduced bans on cloning, arguing it was not morally correct. Cloning has its disadvantages but
27、 its advantages seem to be greater.If human cloning experiments were allowed, scientists might find a way to clone a body organ which was exactly the same as an individuals body organ. This would be beneficial to a person who had lost a body organ. Scientists could clone a particular organ for that
28、individual, which would work better than a transplant.Cloning would certainly increase the possibilities of curing disease, such as cancer and other diseases that were considered incurable. Also, cloning could be used to increase the population of endangered species of animals. It would thus help ke
29、ep a natural balance on the earth.Some people would suggest that cloning is unnatural and not ethically correct. In fact, the whole of modern medicine is based on unnaturalness, so cloning would be just another part of that. Besides, as the clones of human beings will have all the characteristics of
30、 a normal human being, they will behave like any other human beings would behave, opposite to what many people think.In conclusion, it is certain that cloning will play an important part in our lives. Therefore, the society and the government should accept this fact and permit the scientists to carr
31、y out more research to get rid of any risks connected with cloning.13What makes human cloning impossible to carry out?AScientists dont have enough experience in this field.BIt is too expensive to do such experiments. CThere is too much pressure from society.DCloning humans is harder than cloning other animals.14What benefit does cloning bring to endangered animals?AIt could save them from dying out.BIt could make them stronger.CIt could make them better adapt to the environment.DIt could make them fight better against their enemies.15What would be the best title of the passage?
