1、沪教版英语八年级上册U1U8Reading原文含习题Unit1EncyclopaediasLookitup!Herearetwoarticlesfromanencyclopaedia.DaVinci,LeonardoLeonardodaVinci(1452-1519)wasanItalianpainter,inventor,musician,engineerandscientist.DaVinciwasborninthecountryside.Fromanearlyage,heshowedgreatintelligenceandartisticability.Ashegrewolder,hel
2、earnttodomanydifferentthings.Hispaintingsareveryfamous,andone,theMonaLisa,isperhapsthemostfamouspaintingintheworld.Healsohadmanyinventions.Forexample,hisnotebooksincludesomeinterestingdrawingsofflyingmachines.(SeeArt)DinosaursDinosaurslivedonEarthmorethan60millionyearsbeforehumanbeings.Theylivedever
3、ywhereonEarth.Somedinosaurswereassmallaschickens.Otherswereasbigastenelephants.Somecouldevenfly.Manydinosaursateplants.However,somedinosaurslikedtoeatmeat.DinosaurslivedonEarthformorethan150millionyears.Then,suddenly,theyalldiedout.Nobodyknowswhy.However,wecanlearnaboutthemfromtheirfossils.(SeeEarth
4、history)Module1C VocabularyC1 Thewordsinitalicsarefromthetwoarticles.Circlethecorrectanswerstocompletethesesentences.1 Whensomebodyisborn,he/she.acomesoutofhis/hermothersbody cleaveshis/herparentsbgoestoseeadoctor2 Bennysgrandparentsliveinthecountryside.Theylivethecity.ainside boutside cinthecentreo
5、f3 Birdshaveamusicalability.Theysing.acan bcannot carehappyto4 Thebookincludessomebeautifulphotos.Thesephotosarethebook.apartof battheendof cconnectedto5 Ahumanbeingisa(n).aanimal bmachine cpersonC2Completethearticlebelowwiththewordsfromthebox.Changetheirformsifnecessary.evenhoweverinventionnotebook
6、perhapsscientistWhenIwasyoung,Iusedtokeepa.Iwrotemanypoemsanddrewmanypicturesofdifferentinit.Theywerenotverygood,buttheyhelpedmethinkanddream.NowIamafamous andIdomanyimportantthings.myjourneybeganwhenIwasatschool,withmystudies,andmypoemsandpictures.Iwasastudentjustlikeyou.youwilldosomethingimportant
7、orbecomefamousoneday.Justremembertothinkandtodream.DComprehensionD1 Belowaresomenotesabouttheencyclopaediaarticles,butsomeofthefactsarewrong.Readthearticlesandcorrectthenotesifnecessary.1 DaVinci,Leonardoa helivedfrom1425to1519.b Hewasborninthecity.c Heshowedgreatartisticabilityfromanearlyage.d Heis
8、famousforhispaintingsandbooks.2 DinosaursaTheylivedonEarthmorethan60thousandyearsbeforehumanbeings.b SomewereSmall;otherswerehuge.cAllofthematemeat.dSomediedoutSuddenly.D2Readthearticlesagainandcompletetheanswerstothequestionsbelow.1 WhowasLeonardodaVinci?Hewas.2 Whatishismostfamouspainting?Itis.3 W
9、hatdiddinosaurseat?Manyofthemate. Somelikedtoeat.4 HowlongdiddinosaursliveonEarthbeforetheydisappeared?TheylivedonEarthfor.5 Flowcanwelearnaboutdinosaurstoday?Wecanlearnaboutthem.MorepracticeA ReadthefollowingencyclopaediaarticleaboutbigattractionsinAustraliaandanswerthequestionsbelow.Australiasbiga
10、ttractionsAustraliaisaverybigcountry.Italsohasmanybigattractions.TheBigBananaTheBigBananaisinCoffsHarbour.Itwasmadein1964byjohnLandy.Landywantedsomethingtomakepeoplecometohisfruitshop,sohebuilttheBigBanana.Theideaworked.ManypeoplevisitedhisfruitshopandtookpicturesoftheBigBanana.SoonpeoplealloverAust
11、raliabeganmakingbigthings.TheBigMerinoTheBigMerinoisinthecityofGoulburn.Merinosareatypeofsheep.Theycanliveindryweather.SomeplacesinAustraliaareverydry,sothesesheepareveryimportanttothefarmersthere.InsidetheBigMerino,thereisasmallmuscun.aboutthehistoryofwoolinAustralia.VisitorscanalsoclimbuptotheBigM
12、erinosheadandlookattheviewthroughitseyes.1 WhenwastheBigBananabuilt?2 WhywastheBigBananabuilt?3 WhyaremerinosimportanttothefarmersinAustralia?4 WhatcanyoufindinsidetheBigMerino?5 WhatcanyoudoinsidetheBigMerinoshead?Unit2NumbersThekingandthericeAlongtimeago,therewasakinginIndia.Thekingsfavouritegamew
13、aschess.Oneday,awiseoldmancametothepalaceandthekingchallengedhimtoagame.Thekingpromisedtheoldman,“Youcanhaveanyprizeifyouwinthegame.”Theoldmansaid,“IfIwinthegame,Idlikeonegrainofriceforthefirstsquareofthechessboard,twoforthesecond,fourforthethird,andthendoubletheamountforeachoftherestofthesquares.”“
14、Isthatall?”askedtheking.“Wouldntyoulikegoldorsilverinstead?”“No,justrice,”repliedtheoldman.Thekingandtheoldmanplayedthegameforalongtime.Finally,theoldmanwon.Sothekingorderedhismentocollectabagofrice.Heputonegrainonthefirstsquare,twoonthesecond,andsoon.Thekingquicklyrealizedtheproblem-evenwithallther
15、iceinthecountry,hewouldstillnothaveenoughricetoputonallthesquares!CVocabularyC1 Thewordsinitalicsarefromthestory.Matchthetwohalvesofthesesentencestomakethemmeaningful.1 Whenyouaskawisepersonforhelp,a youtellhim/herthatyouwillgivehim/herthepresentforsure.2 Ifyoupromisesomebodyapresent b youknowsometh
16、ingiswrong.3 Ifyougetaprizeinagame, c yougetthenumber4.4 Whenyoudoublethenumber2.d youwanthim/hertogiveyougoodadvice.5 Whenyourealizetheproblem, e youwinsomethingfordoingverywell.C2Completethestorybelowwiththewordsfromthebox.Changetheirformsifnecessary.doubleprizepromiserealizewiseAyoungmanoncetalke
17、dtoaoldman.Iwonaandhavealittlegoldnow,butIwantmuchmore,hesaid.Canyouhelpme?Theoldmanlookedathim.Icanteachyouhowtomakemoremoneyifyoutofollowmyadvice.hesaid.Theyoungmanagreed.Thentheoldmantooktheyoungmantoawindow.Lookoutside,hesaid.Icanseenothingbutanemptyfield,theyoungmansaid.Useyourmoneytobuythisfie
18、ld,saidtheoldman,andgrowsomecotton.Inayear,youcansellthecottonandyourmoney.Theyoungmanwhattheoldmanmeant.Fromthenonhewasnotlazyanymore.Heworkedhardallyearround.DComprehensionD1Readthestoryonpage19andcompletethetablebelow.Wherethestorytookplace.Whowasinthestorythekinganda.WhathappenedinthestoryThebeg
19、inningThekingchallengedtoagame.Thekingpromisedtogivehimifhewonthegame.ThemiddleTheyplayedthegamefor.Theendingwonthegame,butthekingdidnothavetogivehim.D2Findfactsinthestorytosupportthesestatementsabouttheking.Writedownthefacts.1 Thekinglovedtoplaygames.(Thekingsfavourite.)2 Thekingthoughttheoldmanask
20、edtoolittlefortheprize.(Isthatall?.)3 Thekingdidnothaveenoughricefortheoldman.(Thekingquicklyrealized.)MorepracticeReadtheonlinearticleandthencompletetheflowchartaboutthedevelopmentofcountingmethods.CountingbeforenumbersBeforetheinventionofwrittennumbers,peopleusedmanydifferentwaystocountthings.Atfi
21、rst,peopleusedtheirfingers,andeveiitheirtoes.However,theycouldonlycountsmallnumbersinthisway.Afterthat,theybegantomakesmallmarksonsticksandbones.Thishelpedthemcountbiggernumbers.Theyusedthemtocountthingslikethedaysofthemonth,theamountoffoodandthenumberofanimalstheyhad.Thenpeoplebegantousetokensmadef
22、romclayorsmallstones.Thishelpedthemcountevenbiggernumbers.Theyoftenputthetokensonpiecesofstringsothattheycouldcarrythemaroundeasily.Thisdevelopedintotoolsliketheabacus.Finally,peoplebegantodevelopsystemsofwrittenmarkstoshowdifferentnumbers,andthisledtotheHindu-Arabicsystem(0-9).Wearestillusingthissy
23、stemtoday.First,peopleused.Afterthat,theymade.Thentheyused.finally,theybegantodevelop.Thisledto.Unit3ComputersComputerfacts?SmallerandbetterInthe1940s,thefirstcomputerswerebiggerthancars.Nowcomputersarebecomingsmallerandbetter.Somecomputersaretiny.Youmaybeunawareofthem.ThereisprobablyoneinsideyourTV
24、orwashingmachine.Youdependoncomputersmorethanyourealize.Whatcanwedowithcomputers?Wecanusecomputerstocalculate.Theycancalculateatafasterspeedthanwecanandalmostnevergivewronganswers.Wecanalsotypeanddrawthingswiththem.Inaddition,computerscandoimportantjobslikeoperatingrailwaysandflyingplanesandspaceshi
25、ps.Isacomputerclevererthanme?Theansweris“No”.Yourbraincanproducenewideasbutcomputerscannot.However,onedaycomputersmaybeabletoabetterjobthanhumanbeings.Forexample,theymaybebetterthandoctorsatdoingtheirjob.Whatwillhappentousifcomputerscandoallourjobs?Willwehavenothingtodo?Computersmaychangeourlives,bu
26、twilltheymakethembetter?C VocabularyC1 Thewordsinitalicsexplainthemeaningsofsomewords.Findthesewordstocompletethesentences.Changetheirformsifnecessary.1 ifsomethingisverysmall,itis2 Somevotingpeoplealwaysneedhelpfromtheirparents.Theyshouldlearntothemselves.3 Wehadfunandlearntsomethingnewaswell.Wehad
27、agoodtime.,welearntalot.4Whenwemakeamachinework,weit. C2 Completetheconversationbelowwiththewordsfromthebox.dependonexpensive inaddition speedMark: Iboughtanewcomputer.Helen: Why?Mark: Iboughtmyfirstcomputerfiveyearsago.Iuseditalmosteveryday,anditbecamereallyslow.Helen: Isee.Sohowsyournewcomputer?Ma
28、rk: Itwasreally,butitworksatamuchfasterthanmyoldone. ,ithasalargermonitor.Helen: Ialsomycomputeralotthesedays.Iuseittowritereports,andtogetontheInternettoo.Mycomputerworkswell,soImnotgoingtobuyanewone.DComprehensionD1Readthearticleandcompletetheanswerswiththeexamplesfromthearticle.1 S1:Theremaybetin
29、ycomputersinyourhome.S2:Where,forexample?S1:Insideyour_ or.2 S1:Wecandomanythingswithcomputersinourdailylife.S2:Forexample?S1:Wecan,_,andwiththem.3 Sl:Computerscandosomeimportantjobs.S2:Forexample?S1:Theycanand.4 Si:Oneday,computersmaybeabletodoabetterjobthanhumanbeings.S2:Forexample?S1:They.D2Readt
30、hearticleagainandanswerthequestionsbelowincompletesentences.1 Whatwerethefirstcomputerslike?.2 Whyareweunawareofsomecomputers?.3 Arecomputersclevererthanyouandme?Whyorwhynot?.MorepracticeAReadthescriptofaspeechbyaheadteacherandanswerthequestionsbelow.ComputergameproblemsGoodafternoon,parentsandteach
31、ers.Thankyouforattendingthismeeting.Lastweekend,oneofourstudentswenttohospital.ThestudentplayedcomputergamesontheInternetalldaySaturdaywithoutstoppingtodrink,eatorsleep.Finally,hebecameveryill.Somestudentsplaycomputergamesfortoolong.Thisisaseriousproblem.Inthepast,studentsusedtoplayoutsidemoreoften,
32、butnowtheyspendmoretimeinfrontofcomputers.Thisisbadfortheirhealth.Tomorrowwellhavesomeexpertsheretotalktothestudentsaboutthebadeffectsofplayingcomputergames.Theyllalsogivesomeadviceonhowtousecomputersforstudying.Ihopewecanallworktogethertostopstudentsfromspendingtoomuchtimeplayingcomputergames.Thankyouforyourtime.1 Whoisatte
