1、学年高中英语Module6TheInternetandTelecommunicationsPeriodFourGrammarCompoundwordsPeriod Four GrammarCompound words & Definite and zero articles.找出句中的合成词，并写出其在句中所作的成分1Sightseeingtookupthewholemorning.sightseeing；主语2Someoneisaskingforyouonthephone.someone；主语3Youmustkeepasharplookoutforthissign.lookout；宾语4No
2、smokingduringtakeoff.takeoff；宾语5Shegreetedthemwarmheartedly.warmheartedly；状语.用适当的冠词填空(不填处用“/”表示)1TheInternetisthebiggestsourceofinformationintheworld.2TheWorldWideWebisacomputernetworkthatallows/computeruserstoaccessinformationfrommillionsofwebsitesviatheInternet.3BernersLeebuilthisfirstcomputerwhil
3、ehewasat/universityusinganoldtelevision!4Hedesignedthefirst“webbrowser”，whichallowedcomputeruserstoaccessdocumentsfromothercomputers.5Talkingonamobilephoneisexpensive，soalotofpeoplesendtextmessages.一、合成词由两个或两个以上独立的词合成的新词叫做合成词。英语中合成词数量众多，下面主要介绍合成名词和合成形容词。1合成名词常见的合成名词构成类型：(1)名词名词：spaceship(宇宙飞船)(2)动名词
4、名词：washingroom(洗手间)，readingroom(阅览室)(3)形容词名词：topspeed(高速)(4)动词名词：pickpocket(扒手)(5)动词副词：breakup(破裂)(6)名词动名词：handwriting(书法)(7)副词动词：outbreak(爆发)(8)名词介词名词：daughterinlaw(儿媳)(9)介词名词：byproduct(副产品)2合成名词复数变化的五点规律(1)以不可数名词结尾的合成名词无复数形式。例如：homework。(2)以man或woman为前缀的名词变复数时，前后两个名词都变成复数。例如：womandoctorwomendoctor
5、s，manwaitermenwaiters。(3)以两个名词构成的合成名词(前面的名词为man或woman除外)变复数时，一般把后面的名词变复数。例如：boyfriendboyfriends，paperbagpaperbags。(4)以“可数名词介词名词”构成的合成名词变复数时，把前面的名词变复数。例如：fatherinlawfathersinlaw。(5)以“动词/过去分词副词”构成的合成名词变复数时，在结尾加s。例如：grownupgrownups，standbystandbys。3合成形容词常见的合成形容词构成类型：(1)形容词现在分词：ordinarylooking(相貌一般的)(2)
6、形容词名词的ed形式：warmhearted(热心肠的)(3)副词动词的过去分词：wellknown(著名的)(4)副词动词的现在分词：hardworking(勤奋的)(5)名词动词的现在分词：peaceloving(热爱和平的)(6)名词动词的过去分词：manmade(人造的)(7)名词形容词：dutyfree(免关税的)(8)数词名词的ed形式：threelegged(三条腿的)(9)数词名词形容词：(one) hundredmetrelong(百米长的)二、冠词冠词是一种虚词，用在名词或名词词组的前面。冠词可分为不定冠词和定冠词两种形式。不定冠词有a，an；定冠词有the。其中，a用在发
7、音以辅音音素开头的名词之前，而an则用在发音以元音音素开头的名词之前。1不定冠词(1)表示某一类人或事物中的任何一个。Ihavegotaticket.我有一张票。(2)表示人或事物的某一种类，强调整体，即以其中的一个代表一类。Ahorseisusefultomankind.马对人类有用。(3)不定冠词用在事物的“单位”前，如表时间、速度、价格等意义的名词之前，表示“每一”。Thepotatoissoldat1.5yuanajin.土豆卖1.5元一斤。(4)“a序数词”表示“又一，再一”，相当于another。Canyougivemeasecondchance，please?你能再给我一次机会吗
8、？2定冠词(1)定冠词用来指上文中已提到过的人或事物。IboughtabookfromXinhuaBookshop.Thebookcosts15yuan.我从新华书店买了一本书。这本书价值十五元。(2)特指双方都知道的人或事物。Thestudentsintheroomareallmyclassmates.房间里的学生都是我的同学。(3)定冠词用于表示世界上独一无二的事物之前或用于自然界现象或方位名词之前。thesun太阳，themoon月球，theearth地球(4)在江河、海洋、海峡、湖泊、山脉、群岛前要加the。theWestLake西湖，theYellowRiver黄河(5)定冠词与单数
9、名词连用，表示这一类人或事物。Thelionisthekingofanimals.狮子是兽中之王。注意：不可数名词表示泛指意义时，其前不加任何冠词。Bloodisthickerthanwater.血浓于水。(6)用于形容词或分词前，表示一类人。thelivingandthedead生者和逝者(7)“the姓氏的复数”表示全家人或者夫妻俩。TheGreensarehavinglunchnow.格林一家正在吃午饭。(8)用在序数词、形容词最高级或表示方位的名词前。ThisisthebiggestcityinChinaIhaveevervisited.这是我在中国参观过的最大的城市。(9)用在演奏乐
10、器的名称或文艺活动、运动场所的名称前。Thelittlegirllikesplayingtheviolin.那个小女孩喜欢拉小提琴。(10)用于表示发明物的单数可数名词前。Bellinventedthetelephonein1876.贝尔于1876年发明了电话。3不用冠词的四种情况(1)人名、地名等专有名词、物质名词及抽象名词前。ImgoingtoEnglandnextweekforaholiday.下周我将要去英国度假。(England是地名)(2)复数名词表示一类人或事物时。Myfatherandmotherareteachers.我的父亲和母亲都是教师。(teachers表示一类人)(3
11、)在星期、月份、季节、节日前。WewillhaveameetingonFriday.我们在星期五有个会。(4)在学科名称、三餐或球类运动名称前。IthinkChineseismorepopularthananyothersubject.我认为汉语比其他学科更受欢迎。(Chinese是学科名称)用适当的冠词填空1Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentoverthepast25years，whilericehasincreasedonly7percent.(2018全国)2Unexpectedly，Imfacetofacewiththegorilla，who
12、beginsscreamingatthetopofherlungs.(2018全国)3Asaresult，peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.(2017全国)4Thisincludeddigginguptheroad，layingthetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofoverthetop.(2017全国)5Instead，sheisearning6,500adayasamodelinNewYork.(2017全国)6Thenurseryteamswitcheshimeveryfewda
13、yswithhissistersothatwhileoneisbeingbottlefed，theotheriswithmumsheneversuspects.(2016全国)7Giveyourbodyandbrainarestbysteppingoutsideforawhile，exercising，ordoingsomethingyouenjoy.(2016全国)8TheprizeforthewinnerofthecompetitionisatwoweekholidayinParis.(2016浙江)9Theadobedwellings(土坯房) builtbythePuebloIndia
14、nsoftheAmericanSouthwestareadmiredbyeventhemostmodernofarchitectsandengineers.(2015全国)10Themorelearnedamanis，themoremodestheusuallybecomes.(2015陕西).单词拼写1Ilearnedthisnewsfromthenewspaper(报纸)2TheInternetisaworldwidecomputernetwork(网络系统)3Haveyoueverbeentothatworldfamous(世界著名的) university?4Sheisonlyaten
15、yearold(10岁的) girl.5Doyouknowthemiddleaged(中年的) mansittinginthechair?6Therearemorethanfivehundredpeopleontheplayground(操场)7Therearemorenewlybuilt(新建的) housesinthisvillagethaninthatone.用适当的冠词填空(不填处用“/”表示)8Sheisauniversityteacherandhonestwomanaswell.9Theboyplaying/footballonthefieldismybrother.10Whenw
16、ewenttoseehim，hewashaving/supper.11Heistheclevererofthetwo.12Payattentiontothepronunciationofthisword.13Isthisthemuseumyouvisitedthedaybeforeyesterday?14Ialwaysrestforanhourafterdinner.15Amachineofthiskindismadein/China.基础巩固.选词填空1MadameCurieisawellknownscientist，whowontwoNobelPrizes.2Hesahardworking
17、butnotveryintelligentboy.3Mycomputerhashadabreakdownanditdoesntworknow.4Iadviseyoutoupdatethecomputersoftware.5Themachineisoperatedthroughthekeyboard.6Thisdatabaseisonlyaccessibletotheauthorizedmanager.用适当的冠词填空(不填处用“/”表示)7IjustheardthebankwhereDoraworkswasrobbedbyagunmanwearingamask.8Janesgrandmothe
18、rhadwantedtowriteachildrensbookformanyyears，butonethingoranotheralwaysgotintheway.9Brianisgiftedinwritingmusic; heisverylikelytobeaBeethoven.10Hewaselected/monitorinourclass.11SheapologizedforthemistakeandgaveusaspareVIProomonthetopfloor.12Tomownsalargercollectionof/booksthananyotherstudentinourclas
19、s.13NowIamlivinginacity，butImissmyhomeinthecountryside.14Iwasalwaysinterestedtoseethedriversinahurryinthemorning.15ThatdayIdidntlearnmuchaboutanimals，insectsortrees，butIlearntanimpressivelessonaboutgravity!能力提升.完形填空Throughouthistory，peoplehavebeeninterestedinknowinghowlanguagefirstbegan，butnooneknow
20、sexactlywhereorhowthishappened.16，wedoknowalotabout17，thelanguagesoftodayandalsothelanguagesof18times.Thereare19aboutthreethousandlanguagesintheworldtoday.Chineseisthelanguage20themostspeakers.English，RussianandSpanisharealsospokenbymanymillionsofpeople.21，somelanguagesintheworldhavelessthanonehundr
21、edspeakers.Thereareseveralimportant22oflanguagesintheworld.Forexample，mostofthelanguagesof23areinonelargefamily24theIndoEuropeanlanguagefamily.Theoriginal(最初的) languageofthisfamilywasspokenabout4,500years25.ManyofthepresentlanguagesofEuropeandIndiaaremodern26ofthelanguageof4,500yearsago.Languagesare
22、27changing.TheEnglishoftodayisverydifferent28theEnglishof500yearsago.Overtimesomeeven29completely.About1,000yearsago30wasalittleknownrelativeofGerman31ononeoftheborders(边界) ofEurope.Ifalanguagehas32speakersorifitisveryold，theremaybe33inthewayitisspokenindifferentareas.Thatis，thelanguagemayhavesevera
23、l34.Chineseisagoodexampleofdialectdifferences.Chinesehasbeenspokenforthousandsofyearsbymanymillionsofspeakers.ThedifferencesamongthedialectsofChinesearesogreatthatspeakersofChinesefromsomepartsofChina35understandspeakersfromotherparts.16A.But BSoCHowever DBesides答案C解析语言的起源一直是人们感兴趣的事情，但是没人确切地知道语言的起源究
24、竟是怎样的。然而，我们还是对语言有许多了解。but后不能出现逗号，因此此处用however表转折。17A.English BhistoryCChinese Dlanguages答案D解析由上下文可知，此处讲的是对语言的认识，而不单纯是对汉语或英语的认识。空后的“thelanguagesof.”是提示。18A.earlier BlatterCmodern Dhard答案A解析人们对现在的语言以及更早的语言有所了解。由上下文可知此处与today对应。19A.frequently BprobablyCfluently Dgradually答案B解析现在世界上可能有大约三千种语言。probably可能
25、，符合语境。frequently频繁地；fluently流利地；gradually逐渐地。20A.for BwithCin Dof答案B解析由with引导的介词短语作定语，修饰language，表示“汉语是使用人数最多的一种语言”。21A.Inaword BAtpresentCOntheonehand DOntheotherhand答案D解析上文提到汉语是使用人数最多的一种语言，接着又说英语、俄语和西班牙语也有数百万人使用，后文话锋一转讲到，还有不到一百人使用的语言。ontheotherhand另一方面，符合语境。inaword总之；atpresent现在；ontheonehand一方面。22
26、A.blocks BaccentsCfamilies Dchanges答案C解析由后面的内容可知语言有几大语系(family)。“Forexample，mostofthelanguageofareinonelargefamilytheIndoEuropeanlanguagefamily.”也是提示。block块；accent口音；change变化。23A.Europe BAsiaCAfrica DAmerica答案A解析由后面的“IndoEuropeanlanguagefamily”可知，欧洲的大多数语言都属于一个大的语系印欧语系。24A.called BspokenCcalling Dspe
27、aking答案A解析过去分词called作定语，表示“被称作”。25A.before BagoClater Dold答案B解析由前面的wasspoken可知，此处应该用与一般过去时连用的ago。before用于完成时的句子中。26A.times BfamiliesCforms Dmembers答案C解析现在印度与欧洲的许多语言实际上就是4500年以前的语言的现代形式(form)。27A.always BseldomCoften Dsometimes答案A解析由下文可知，语言一直都在发展变化。always与现在进行时态连用表示“总是”。28A.about BwithCin Dfrom答案D解析b
28、edifferentfrom与不同，为固定短语。29A.dieoutBdieawayCdiedownDdieoff答案A解析随着时间的推移有些语言甚至完全消失了。dieout灭绝，消失，符合语境。dieaway逐渐模糊，逐渐减弱；diedown逐渐变弱，暗淡；dieoff相继死去。30A.Spanish BEnglishCChinese DRussian答案B解析一千年前的英语还与欧洲边界地区人们讲的德语有亲戚关系。31A.called BtoldCspoken Dnamed答案C解析表示“讲(某种语言)”用speak，此处用过去分词作定语表示被动。32A.agreatdealof Bafew
29、Calittle Danumberof答案D解析讲某种语言的人多或某种语言很古老，那么不同地区人们说话的方式就有差别。A、C项只修饰不可数名词；afew表示“几个”，意义不符。33A.speakers BdifferencesCidentity Dchanges答案B解析由上文可知此处指人们说话方式的不同(difference)。34A.dialects BspellingsCusages Dexpressions答案A解析根据后一句中的dialectdifferences可知，一种语言可能有几种方言。dialect方言，符合语境。35A.mustnt BmaynotCwont Dcant答案
30、D解析汉语方言的差别如此之大，以至于来自不同地区的人都无法相互沟通。此处表示“不会，不能”，故用cant。.语法填空Thewomanoftencalled“theFirstLadyofNewYork”36.(die) inAugust.BrookeAstorwasonehundredandfiveyearsold.TheextremelywealthyandfamousNewYorkerspentmuchofherlife37.(help) theneedyinherbelovedcity.ShewasborninPortsmouth，NewHampshire.Shewastheonlychildofahighlevelmilitaryofficer.Aftertwoearlier38.(marry)，shemarriedVincentAstorin1953again.Hecamefromafamily39.hadbeenrichforatleastonehundredyears.Amongotherthings，heownedmanybuildingsin
