1、满分培训白龙马语法改错题讲义一、sat语法的一些情况：1、 语法和作文在一起构成写作的800分，语法大约占600分，作文占200分。2、 短时间内，语法容易提高，写作不容易提高。3、 语法中国学生一直在学，有基础。而美国学生不学语法，完全凭语感。4、 中国学生学习的语法知识的效率要高于语感。5、 SAT语法考察的范围有限，容易突击。6、 语法经过训练，一套题错2-6个为正常水平。如果语法错4个，作文得9分，仍然可以得700分左右。二、猴哥SAT语法备考重点：1、知识点把各种题型的考察的常考知识点过一遍并且记住。2、错题的总结语法一般第一次不错，以后往往都不会错；第一次做错了，如果不仔细分析和记
2、忆，还会再错；因此，把OC+OG+真题里面的语法全部过一遍，把错题挑出来，分析错误原因，把错题放到知识点的体系里面去记忆。3、错题和知识点的再记忆利用每天的锻炼时间（快走或者慢跑，具体看“猴哥SAT健康备考全攻略），回忆错题和知识点的结合；4、训练语法做题的节奏感语法做的不能太快也不能太慢。太快，还剩3-5分钟，这分钟等于浪费了，因为没有时间再检查一遍；太慢，没有做完，则也会影响分数。最好的情况是做完并涂完答题卡，还剩1分钟左右。这个节奏感，是靠大量的仿真模考来实现的。Identifying Sentence Errors ISE题型-改错题一 Parallel Structure平行结构平行
3、结构的知识点考察在SAT的考试中是必考的一项，然后在中国的高考中对于这个知识点却只有极少的关注度；因此造成了很多同学对于此知识点的掌握不牢固，必然会造成在SAT考试中会丢分。所以综合SAT语法考试的特点总结出以下的考点。考点聚焦：(1) 三者之间的平行-N, N, and N（名词，名词，and 名词）此种题型就是我们常说的“名词，名词，and 名词”的形式，这三个名词是相互并列的。出题的习惯通常划线部分放在第三个，即在and 名词上面划线。例句1：Each time Mary turns on her computer， she has (A) to enter a company code
4、, then her initials, and then enters a password (B) before (C) she can begin working (D). No error (E).例句2：Without the invention of the compass, Mike might not have sailed around the world, Lewis and Isaac might not have traveled to Bonn, nor might Kevins search for the cities of gold have occurred,
5、 either.(A) nor might Kevins search for the cities of gold have occurred, either(B) nor might Kevin search for the cities of gold(C) and Kevins search for the cities of gold might not have taken place(D) and Kevin might not search for the cities of gold(E) and Kevin might not have searched for the c
6、ities of gold（2）比较句此种题型在考试当中几乎每次都可以见到，考点集中在同类比较出现此题型的标志有：-er; more,than; as; like; unlike; compare to/with等错误例句：The climate in Shanghai is more humid than Beijiing.改为：The climate in Shanghai is more humid than that of Beijing.此句中“that”表示句子开头的“the climate” 例句1： In (A) the United States, the industria
7、l use of (B) plastic is (C) greater than steel (D), aluminum, and copper combined. No error (E) (OG P777 28)例句2： In a recent year, more tourists from the United States visited museums in Great Britain than Canada.(A) Canada(B) Canada did(C) compared to Canada(D) Canadian ones(E) in Canada（3）两者之间的平行两
8、者之间的平行一般的几个标志如下： not only,but also. neither. nor./ eitheror（在SAT中被视为送分题）. and / but.出现以上的标志词后必须做到一一对应；但以下为特殊情况：如：either plan to do，or risk doing（这种句型出现是正确的，句子当中的主体结构完全一一对应，“plan”和“risk”已经做到对应，后面的“to do”和“doing”只是固定用法。）例句1：The labor union is negotiating (A) a contract with the hospital that (B) will
9、satisfy (C) the demands of the workers and be acceptable to (D) all levels of management. No error (E) （OG P601 13）例句2：Most drivers know not only that excessive speeding on highways wastes gasoline, but also that it is dangerous. （OG P678.13）(A) know not only that excessive speeding on highways wast
10、es(B) know that excessive speeding on highways could be wasteful of (C) are knowledgeable that excessive speeding on highways not only wastes(D) have known that excessive speeding on highways wastes not only(E) know that excessive speeding on highways not only by itself can waste (4) 两个句子之间的平行两个句子之间
11、的平行，后一个句子之间用逗号加上连词隔开，或者直接用一个分号隔开标志：and，but，分号等例句 Driving less (A) frequently is one way to save energy; to turn off all (B) appliances when they are (C) not being used is another (D). No error (E) (OG P720 18)二 代词 （Pronoun）纵观SAT的语法考试，我们发现代词在考试中占有举足轻重的地位，很多的题目都与之相关。所以以后考试中出现代词划线，一定要万分注意。在学习本课之前，我们要弄清
12、楚SAT考试的特点：SAT考试是考察应试者对于英语标准书面语（也就是我们常说的Standard Written English）的掌握，所以我们一定要做到标准化。例句：This is a car.很多同学看到这句话以后很快就会很自信地将其翻译为“这是一辆汽车。”在口语中，由于当时一定的场景支撑，这句话没有任何问题；但是在Standard Written English中，这句话是不正确的，或者说是并不标准的。因为“This”这个指示代词可以翻译为“这”，然而在书面语中它却并不能清晰地指代具体的某个事物，因而容易产生歧义，所以这就是我们所说的“指代不明确”。代词在语法中的作用：代词-（Pro-n
13、oun），所以我们代词是用来指代一个名词(noun)。考点聚焦：（1）。“This”不能单独充当主语或者宾语例句：Thomas repeated his perspective that (A) the student, if given (B) sufficient time for (C) preparation, would finish this (D). No error (E)（2）代词的单复数SAT考试语法题中几乎每次都会考到代词单复数的情况，所以大家对这个知识点要足够重视。单数情况出现的代词有- I，me , my, mine, myself； you , your, your
14、s, yourself； he, his, him，himself； she, her, hers, herself；it, its , itself；this, that;复数情况出现的代词有-we，us, our, ours, ourselves； you, your, yours, yourselves；they，them，their, theirs，themselvesthese，those；例句1： Even though (A) only parts of clay vessels may be (B) recovered, these pottery shards are inv
15、aluable to (C) the archaeologist because it is (D) virtually indestructible. No error (E) (OG P601 15)例句2：The quality of multivitamin tablets is determined (A) by how long (B) its (C) potency can be protected (D) by the manufacturers coating material. No error(E) （OG P602 28）（3）代词的主格形式(Nominative)和宾
16、格形式(Objective)单数复数IIIIIIIIIIII主格Iyouhe she itweyouthey宾格meyouhim her itusyouthem主格形式一般位于句子的开端，充当句子的主语；宾格形式一般在动词之后充当句子的宾语，常见的有：a. 动宾结构-即及物动词后加宾语，此时代词用宾格形式b. 介宾结构-介词后加宾语，代词用宾格形式例句：My colleague and myself (A) received an award for (B) our paper on the accuracy with which (C) a polygraph measures (D) ph
17、ysiological processes. No error(E)（4） one/ones 划线时不可随意指代让我们来看一个例句： We/You dont have so-called freedom, because at times what we/you do depends on other people.译文：我们/你们并没有所谓的自由，因为有些时候我们/你们的所作所为还取决于别人。我们在例句中可以看出来在第一人称或者第二人称的时候，前后必须是相互呼应的，所以如果将句子改成下面的情况就不对了： We/You dont have so-called freedom, because
18、at times what ones do dependb on other people. b 所以，one或者ones在指代的时候只适用于第三人称：再来看一个句子：When one is exhausted, he/she is tired of answering others questions.译文：但一个人极度疲惫的失守，他/她会疲于回答别人的问题。这句话中，one与第三人称he/she对应；在复数的情况下ones和they进行对应，这一切与we/you无关。例句： Although (A) one likes to believe (B) that your own (C) ch
19、ildren are beautiful, intelligent, and well behaved, what one believes is not always the case (D). No error(E) (OG P777 23)(5) 关系代词 who, whom, whose, that, which用法介绍：who在句子中表示人，并且在从句中作主语；在现代英语里，who也可取代whom在从句中作动词的宾语；whom表示人充当宾语； whose一般用来表示“某人的”，有些情况下也可以表示“某物的”；that可以表示人，也可以表示物which只可以表示物。注意点：SAT考试中
20、并不会考察who和whom之间的区别或者是from which和with which之间的不同点，也不会考察与之相关的固定用法，如in that是什么意思；只会考察他们所指代的是“人的意义”还是“物的意义”：典型错误： the person which I know the book who I read例句：Candy manufactures applauded the discovery by (A) researchers that the students which (B) smell chocolate while studying and again while taking
21、(C) a test are able to (D) recall more material than students not exposed to. No error (E)(6)指代不明确a. 代词一定要清晰地去表示它所指代的对象，否则就是错的。例句：The office manager and her coworker, Ms. Andrews, received (A) equal pay for the company until (B) she (C) got a raise for helping (D) to increase productivity. No error
22、(E)b我们清楚代词的英文写法是pronoun，即代词要指代的对象是一个noun，所以在SAT考试中，代词指代的如果是一个动词（verb）或者一个句子（sentence），那么肯定是不正确的例句：During the labor dispute, barrels of potatoes were emptied across the highway, and they thereby blocked it to all traffic.(A) highway, and they thereby blocked it to all traffic(B) highway and therefore
23、 blocking it to all traffic(C) highway, by which all traffic was therefore blocked(D) highway, and therefore this had all traffic blocked(E) highway, thereby blocking all traffic注意点: 在SAT语法考试中，改进句子题（IS）如果出现了代词指代不明确的情况，我们要学会使用“排除法”。即此例句中出现了指代不清的代词it，选项AB都有it，那么这两个选项肯定是要被排除的。这是一个非常好用的技巧，希望同学们以后能够掌握这一点
24、。 例句:David, Jason and Isaac were hiking when, stumbling over a rock, he fell down a steep embankment(A) when, stumbling over a rock, he fell down a steep embankment(B) and then he fell down a steep embankment after he stumbled over a rock(C) when Isaac fell down a steep embankment after stumbling ov
25、er a rock(D) when Isaac fell down a steep embankment, since he stumbled over a rock(E) and, since he stumbled over a rock, he fell down a steep embankment三主谓一致主谓一致的知识点对于英语语言学习的重要性不言而喻，在SAT语法考试当中也得到了充分的证明；然而对于很多中国学生来说，由于中文语法的限制，他们在主谓一致这一知识点上习惯性地犯错。概述主语和谓语应在数上保持它们的一致性，即复数主语必须用复数谓语；同样，单数主语必须用单数谓语。所以，基于
26、上面的概述，我们在SAT语法题中一定要清晰地判断出主语和谓语的单复数形式来保证我们做题的正确率。考点聚焦：(1) 单复数混用这种题型相对来说是比较简单并且显而易见的，但是同学们做题的时候一定要十分细心。例句1：Few issues is (A) as likely (B) to provoke widespread interest as those (C) involving possible danger to (D) the health or safety of children. No error (E)例句2：The main reasons students give for f
27、ailing to participate in the political process is that they have demanding assignments and work at part-time jobs.(A) is that they have demanding assignments and work at(B) are demanding assignments and they work at (C) are that they have demanding assignments and that they work at(D) is having dema
28、nding assignments and having to work at(E) are demanding assignments, in addition to working at(2)由and连接的主语两个名词或者代词有and进行连接并且充当句子的主语，如果它们表示的是两样东西，则需用复数谓语； 例句1：A job directory and a job service centre that provides (A) information for (B) students in need of (C) employment is (D) available through th
29、e schools guidance office. No error (E)例句2：The convenience and availability of watercolor paint account for its popularity with artists.(A) account for its popularity(B) account for their popularity(C) accounts for its popularity(D) is why it is popular(E) are a reason for its popularity（3）倒装句的主谓一致在
30、SAT的考试中，经常出现倒装句配合主谓一致的情况，让我们来看一个例题例句：Also supported (A) by the commission was (B) the proposed health clinics and the proposed center (C) to distribute information on job-training (D) opportunities. No error (E) （OG P602 28）(4)主语+插入语+谓语此种题型在SAT语法考试中出现的频率十分的高，大家要有足够的认识。首先，我们知道插入语在整个句子中式不占成分的，也就说我们可以忽
31、略不计，通常以两个逗号的形式在句子中出现。例句：The record left by fossils, the ancient remains of plants and animals, provide (A) scientists with (B) their primary source of (C) information about (D) prehistoric life. No error (E)(5) 抽象概念主语用单数由于抽象概念的主语通常来说是一个不可数名词，所以谓语部分一般都用单数形式。例句: Studying (A) the language and culture of a foreign country are（B） highly recommended to the tourist who expects (C) to learn from (D) his or her vacation abroad. No error (E)（6）就前原则名词1 +介词+ 名词2在SAT考试中出现此种情况，
