1、中考英语完形填空解题技巧讲解 带答案中考英语完形填空解题技巧讲解 (带答案) (名师精讲解题方法与技巧，建议下载练习)（一）解题动员完形填空是一种测试学生语言水平和实际运用能力的综合性题型。它可以培养学生的创造性思维能力并客观地反映学生的基本技能，它要求学生必须具备一定的词汇量和一定的语法知识，以及具备一定的阅读能力、分析能力和逻辑推理能力。它不同于单项选择注重于对单个句子的理解。也不是单纯考查语法和词汇的有关知识。它要求我们在对整个篇章理解的基础上，深入理清文章线索，判断各部分的逻辑关系，以及了解作者意图等等。然后运用我们所掌握的语法、词汇、惯用法知识来作出判断，选择正确答案。一般来说，完形
2、填空题有如下规律：1. 所选短文体裁以记叙文、说明文为主，其他体裁为辅。2. 所选短文逻辑性强，层次分明。3. 所选短文第一句为引导句，通常不设置空格。4. 挖去的单词，多以实词为主，虚词为辅。根据对历年来中考完形填空题所挖单词的分析，各种词类的比例顺序如下：动词、名词、形容词、副词、连词、代词等。5. 从语篇主旨、行文逻辑、词语用法、词语辨析和语法分析角度设题占据了主导位置。（二）解题思路与答题技巧各小题有四项答案的完形填空中，只有一项最佳，其余均是干扰性的或迷惑性的。做这些题目时，除了具备比较扎实的语言基础和一定的综合运用基础知识能力以外，还必须掌握一定的答题技巧与步骤，才能达到事半功倍的
3、效果。 通读全文，了解梗概。第一步，要快速通读全文，了解文章大意，正确分析、归纳文章主旨，尤其是作者所要表达的情感，千万不要急于选择答案。 先易后难，逐步尝试。第二步，在理解文章大意的基础上，对每道题所给的词语进行剖析，考虑语境，上下呼应，运用逻辑思维进行推理，再根据自己最有把握的、最熟悉的短语、习惯用语、动词形式和句子结构等，先完成简单的，把难的留在后面。然后再细读全文，集中精力解决难点，填补空缺。一篇文章是一个整体，有它独立的内容、结构和逻辑联系，不能单从局部的词义和语法理解，而是应从全文内容出发，不断深入理解。排除明显错误，缩小选择范围，得出符合逻辑的正确答案。核对原文，反复检查。第三步
4、，答题完毕，遵循由整体到局部、再由局部到整体的规律，耐心再通读全文，认真复查所选答案是否得当，语法是否正确，逻辑推理是否合理。全部选项确定后，一定要把各个所选答案放到原文中去通读一、两遍。看看文章中心是否一致，各段之间的逻辑关系是否合理，内容是否完整。再作进一步调整，最后确定。（三）经典透视ASometimes you may not understand your parents. One minute theyre friendly, the next minute theyre shouting and screaming loudly enough for the whole stre
5、et to hear. So who makes them so 1 ? You, probably.Is your room tidy? So you leave things on the floor? You may find it hard enough to keep one room tidy. So imagine what its like for your mum and dad trying to keep a whole house in order.When you take your clothes off, remember to 2 . Get into the
6、habit of taking glasses and plates down to the kitchen. Before long youll be doing it without thinking.Even though you may not realize it, your parents have bought you many clothes. But theyre not buying themselves new things every week, are they? The simple truth is that there are more 3 things to
7、spend money on, like electricity bill and food.You may hate missing a party to visit some boring old relatives. They may go on and on about what a sweet baby you were. You have no choice but to listen. Even if you 4 , your parents wont change their minds. Parents like to show off their family. The b
8、est thing you can do is to help entertain your relatives. Your parents will be so pleased with you afterwards that theyll probably allow you to go to the next two 5 .You might not want to eat, but think of it from the parents point of view. If you cook two meals a day, it means 730 meals a year. Can
9、 you imagine how boring this can get? Imagine how your parents feel when you say youre not really hungry. 6 , your parents are probably worried that you arent eating enough.Eat fewer snacks and leave room for your meals. Finally, offer to 7 afterthe meal.Your offer may not be accepted, but your pare
10、nts will be pleased.1. A. friendly B. lonely C. changeable D. comfortable2. A. hang them up B. leave them alone C. put them on D. throw them away3. A. interesting B. difficult C. important D. surprising4. A. agree B. complain C. listen D. win5. A. concerts B. meetings C. classes D. parties6. A. In a
11、ddition B. In return C. At most D. At last7. A. do the cooking B. lay the tableC. buy some snacks D. wash the dishes【解析】 1根据上文应是“什么使得他们如此变化无常”，所以选C。 2前面提到“当你脱下衣服时”，所以后面应是“记得把它们挂起来”，所以选A。 3根据句意：事实是有更重要的东西需要花钱，如电费，食物，所以选C。 4前面提到“你没有选择只有听”，所以“即使你埋怨，你的父母也不会改变他们的想法”，所以选B。 5因为前面提到“You may hate missing a p
12、arty to visit some old relatives”，所以应理解为“他们也许同意你参加接下来的两场晚会”，所以选D。 6表示递进关系，所以用“In addition”，选A。 7关键词“after the meal”所以用“wash the dishes”，选D。BWhen I was fifteen I went to a summer camp. There were lots of great 1 but there was one thing I was really scared about: climbing the wall.The wall is a kind o
13、f rock that people use to learn how to climb. It is very tall. We were all supposed to climb the wall, but I knew I couldnt get to the top because I am 2 heights. I was ashamed and I didnt want anyone to know that I was scared. I thought they would all laugh at me. I practiced my excuse:Im not scare
14、d, you know. I suffer from vertigo.The day came. It was time to climb the wall. The sun was shining but everyone was very quiet that morning. I took photographs at the bottom of the wall and tried to 3 . Everyone in the group went up. Then the moment came. It was my turn. I was so scared that all I
15、could think about was my excuse. Someone said,Shall I take your camera? and I answered, Im not scared, you know. I suffer from vertigo. The 4 was that I was more than scared, I was terrified. The camp leader said, Dont worry, you dont have to do anything you dont want to do. I was surprised. Everyon
16、e was understanding. No one 5 . The next day, the leader asked me if I wanted to try the wall on my own, 6 the others watching. Although I was still very nervous I agreed and climbed slowly to the top with his help. I was still shaking when I came 7 , but I was really happy and relieved too. For me,
17、 climbing the wall was a real achievement.1. A. activities B. operations C. accidents D. exams2. A. poor at B. good at C. afraid of D. fond of3. A. go B. hide C. appear D. run4. A. truth B. situation C. story D. reason5. A. jumped B. cheered C. smiled D. laughed6. A. with B. without C. among D. behi
18、nd7. A. in B. out C. up D. down【解析】1后面有“climbing the wall”，是活动，所以选A。2句子“I didnt want anyone to know that I was scared”，是出于我害怕，所以选C。3如何体现害怕，是我藏起来，而并不是出现或是跑，所以选B。4我不想爬墙的真相是害怕，选A。5前面第二段中有“laugh”一词，而我怕被别人嘲笑是我害怕的原因之一。选D。可见，阅读全文是做完形填空的关键之一。6看下文中提到在老师的帮助下，以及own一词，可以推断出B。7up对应的词是down，选D。练习(1)Choose the word
19、s or expressions to complete the passage（选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文）： Long, long ago traveling was very hard and dangerous. Travelers usually walked or sailed 1 a long time. Some of them died 2 the way. The 3 “travel”had the meaning of “ 4 work”in those days. In the 13th century, Marco Polo 5 Italy. He finally
20、 reached China after three and a half years. In the 19th century, a French writer 6 the novel“Around the Word in 80 Days. The story surprised everyone. Surely people could 7 travel so far in such a short time! ( )1. (A)as (B) for (C) on (D) in ( )2. (A)in (B) on (C) for (D) from ( )3. (A) way (B) wo
21、rld (C) men (D) word ( )4. (A) simple (B) easy (C) hard (D) much ( )5. (A) went (B) left (C) started (D) set ( )6. (A) read (B) wrote (C) copied (D) told( )7. (A) still (B) not (C) (D) even【要点说明】 本文第一句就直接点明了旅行是艰辛又危险的工作。第一题表达旅行者要行走或出航很长时间。此句的时间状语“很长时间”为固定搭配“for a long time”。 第二题是辨析in the way和on the w
22、ay的区别。in the way表示用这种方式；on the way表示在途中。根据上句提示，旅行了很长时间，其中一些人不幸身亡是指在旅途之中，因此选择B项。 第三、第四题在一个句子中，都是除述“travel”这个单词在那个时代有艰辛工作的意思。“艰辛”这两字也是根据上文第一句的表达而推断出来。 第五题，从马可波罗跟后面意大利国家之间选一个单词的词法角度出发，若是“去意大利”，应为“went to”，故A不对；若是“动身出发”，应是“set off或“start”，但它们后面不接宾语，因此C、D都不对，那么只有B，“离开意大利”才是正确的表达。 第六题，表达一个法国作家到底是读、写、抄，还是讲
23、了一部八十天环游世界小说。从作家角度出发，写小说是在常理之中，因此选B。 第七题，根据上句，这个故事使每个人惊讶，理所当然，当时人们在那么短的时间内是不可能旅行那么远的。因为文章从开始到结束都在讲旅行是艰辛危险的工作，否则人们就不会惊讶了。因此选B。 因此选择时一定要了解作者所要表达的意思，根据上下文的衔接、文章的逻辑思想和基本的语法特点进行选择。(2)Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage（选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文）：On my neighbours door is a group of charts（图表）.
24、She rewards or punishes her three children according to 1 . These charts include 2 things that ought to do, such as making beds, cleaning their rooms, and 3 their homework. 4 a child does what he is expected to do, he gets astar, and when he doesnt do his 5 , he gets asad face. At the end of the wee
25、k, 6 the stars and sad faces are added up, and the childrens weekly rewards 7 in the form of money. What do you think of that?( )1. (A) them (B) theirs (C) it (D) ones( )2. (A)a number of (B) the number of (C)a great deal of (D) a lot( )3. (A)do (B) did (C) does (D) doing( )4. (A) Though (B) That (C
26、) Even (D) Whenever( )5. (A) housework (B) best (C) homework (D) cleaning( )6. (A) neither (B) either (C) both (D) between( )7. (A) give (B) are giving (C) giving (D) are given【要点说明】 这是一篇作者讲述隔壁邻居如何根据图表来记载三个孩子一周的表现，然后用钱对他们进行奖惩。文章用一般现在时叙述。 第一题指代上文提到的“a group of charts”，应该用复数代词them。 第二题选择a number of修饰可
27、数名词，而the number of表示“数目”，a great deal of后面只可接不可数名词，a lot只用作状语。 第三题根据上文making beds, cleaning their rooms可确定选答案(D) doing their homework与前面的动词形式保持一致。 第四题应考虑选择合适的引导状语从句的连接词，根据句意“无论何时，孩子按要求做了他应该做的事，他就得到一颗星”，确定答案D正确。 第五题所给的四个选项似乎用在此句中都可以，这时应考虑do ones housework/homework/cleaning都表示某个具体事情，而do ones best表示“尽最
28、大努力”，可以包括其余三个词语的意义，故选B。 第六题的四个选项中，只有both可以和and搭配，其他都不符合句意，故选项C正确。最后一句的意思是“孩子们一周的奖金就这样给他们”。“奖金”与“给予”有被动意义，所以选择D项。(3)Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage（选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文）：When I was sixteen, I left school and went to work in a butchers shop. The manager was a young man, only two ye
29、ars older than I, but he was not 1 .When people 2 good meat, he would sell them something bad. Sometimes, he did not give enough change, and people didnt 3 that.One day, just before Christmas, we decided to stop working earlier 4 we had sold out all our meat, except one small turkey（火鸡）. When I was
30、going to close the door, a woman rushed in and said that she wanted a big turkey. The manager tried to sell her 5 one. Its too small, she said. The manager said he would get another one and went to the back of the shop with the turkey. I went after him to see 6 he was going to do. He pulled the smal
31、l turkey to make it look 7 ，and then came back and said，Heres a bigger one” ( )1. (A) brave (B) careful (C) nice (D) honest ( )2. (A) asked for (B) had (C) lost (D) ate ( )3. (A) notice (B) recognize (C) get (D) take ( )4. (A) but (B)so (C) because (D) while ( )5. (A)a big (B) the small (C)a small (
32、D) the big ( )6. (A)if (B) which (C) what (D) how ( )7. (A) better (B) nicer (C) longer (D) bigger【要点说明】短文大意是讲一个不诚实的肉店经理欺骗顾客的故事。 第一题四个选项都是讲人的性格。读了下文必然知道主要是讲他不诚实。D才是正确答案。 第二题选A。人们到肉店当然是为买肉。 第三题答案是A。他趁人不注意，少找零钱。这也是不诚实的表现。 第四题应填“because”，因为下文是表示原因。 第五题选B。这是特指上文所提到的那只火鸡。 第六题选C。我跟随他进去主要是了解他干什么。第七题答案是D。他欺骗的手段就是使小火鸡看起来大一点。 强化练习Passage 1Do you know how to study better and make your st
