1、不同vlan之间通信的三种方式不同vlan间的通信简单配置欧阳光明（2021.03.07）1单臂路由(图)环境：一台路由器，一台二层交换机，两台pc机二层交换机的配置一般模式：Switch输入enable进入特权模式：Switchenable输入configure terminal进入全局配置模式：Switch#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.创建vlan 10 和 vlan 20：Switch(config)#vlan 10Switch(config-vlan)#vl
2、an 20Switch(config-vlan)# exit进入接口配置模式：Switch(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1把0/1变成trunk口（默认是access口）Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to down%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, change
3、d state to upSwitch(config-if)#exit进入接口配置模式分别把对应的接口，加入对应的vlan：Switch(config)#interface fastEthernet 1/1Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10Switch(config-if)#interface fastEthernet 2/1Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access Switch(config-if)#switchport
4、 access vlan 20到此二层交换机配置完毕！路由器的配置：RouterRouterenableRouter#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Router(config)#inter fas 0/0Router(config-if)#no ip address Router(config-if)#no shutdown 注意：单臂路由的配置父接口一定要no shutdown%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, c
5、hanged state to up%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to upRouter(config-if)#exitRouter(config)#int fas 0/0.10%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0.10, changed state to up%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0.10, changed state
6、 to upRouter(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 10注意：在配置ip时一定要先封装802.1q协议Router(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0Router(config-subif)#no shutdown Router(config-subif)#int fas 0/0.20%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0.20, changed state to up%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol o
7、n Interface FastEthernet0/0.20, changed state to upRouter(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0% Configuring IP routing on a LAN subinterface is only allowed if thatsubinterface is already configured as part of an IEEE 802.10, IEEE 802.1Q,or ISL vLAN.Router(config-subif)#encapsulation
8、dot1Q 20Router(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0Router(config-subif)#no shutdown Router(config-subif)#查看路由表：Router#show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA ex
9、ternal type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR P - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is
10、 not setC 192.168.10.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0.10C 192.168.20.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0.20Router#PC0的配置：ip 192.168.10.10netmask 255.255.255.0gateway 192.168.10.1PC1的配置：ip 192.168.20.20netmask 255.255.255.0gateway 192.168.20.12.使用SVI实现VLAN间的通信（图）环境：一台三层交换机，两台pc机三层交
11、换机的配置：Switchenable Switch#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.创建vlan 10 20Switch(config)#vlan 10Switch(config-vlan)#vlan 20Switch(config-vlan)#exit配置SVI接口ipSwitch(config)#interface vlan 10%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Vlan10, changed state to upSwitch(config-i
12、f)#ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0Switch(config-if)#no shutdown Switch(config-if)#interface vlan 20%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Vlan20, changed state to upSwitch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0Switch(config-if)#no shutdown Switch(config-if)#exit改变接口模式并加入vlanSwitch(config)#interf
13、ace fastEthernet 0/1Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Vlan10, changed state to upSwitch(config-if)#interface fastEthernet 0/2Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access Switch(config-if)#switchport access
14、vlan 20%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Vlan20, changed state to upSwitch(config-if)#看三层交换机的路由表：Switch#show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1,
15、N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR P - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not setC 192.1
16、68.10.0/24 is directly connected, Vlan10C 192.168.20.0/24 is directly connected, Vlan20Switch#两主机的配置与单臂路由中两主机的配置一样3.跨交换机实现VLAN间的通信（图）环境：一台三层交换机，两台二层交换机，两台pc机三层交换机的配置(SW3)SwitchenableSwitch#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.创建vlan 10 、20 并设置ipSwitch(config
17、)#vlan 10Switch(config-vlan)#vlan 20Switch(config-vlan)#exitSwitch(config)#interface vlan 10%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Vlan10, changed state to upSwitch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0Switch(config-if)#no shutdown Switch(config-if)#interface vlan 20%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Vlan20,
18、 changed state to upSwitch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0Switch(config-if)#no shutdown Switch(config-if)#exit设置接口模式并加入相应的vlan（注意trunk口的设置）Switch(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunkSwitch(config-if)#interface fastEthernet 0/1Switch(config-if)#sw
19、itchport access vlan 10%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Vlan10, changed state to upSwitch(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/2Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk Switch(config-if)#interface fastEthernet 0/2Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 20%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol
20、 on Interface Vlan20, changed state to upSwitch#SW21的配置SwitchenableSwitch#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Switch(config)#vlan 10Switch(config-vlan)#exitSwitch(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN:
21、Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to down%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to upSwitch(config-if)#interface fastEthernet 1/1Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10Switch(config-if)#exitS
22、witch(config)#SW22的配置SwitchSwitchenSwitch#Switch#configure terEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Switch(config-if)#inter fas 2/1Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet2/1, changed state to down%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet2/1, changed state to upSwitch(config-if)#exitSwitch(config)#vlan 20Switch(config-vlan)#inter fas 1/1Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 20Switch(config-if)#注意：两交换机之间的链接是trunk链路4.以上配置在模拟器上都可实现在模拟器上配置其中pc图片上述三种方式pc机的配置都一样验证：
