1、分析高考英语浙江卷真题解密2018年高考英语浙江卷真题解析试卷导航语篇话题体裁词数难度阅读理解A查尔斯狄更斯说明文318 +111=429易阅读理解B塑料袋和可重复使用的购物袋（如棉布袋），哪个对环境更不利？议论文276+111=387中阅读理解C汽车的影响说明性议论文297+93=390中阅读七选五如何成为好邻居说明文224 + 99 = 323中完形填空越忙的人越可能把事做好议论文253中语法填空在外吃饭的坏处说明文203中书面表达求职信应用文80 (左右)中读后续写荒野迷途记叙文323+150 (左右)难试题解读第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）第一节（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满
2、分25分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AIn 1812, the year Charles Dickens was born, there were 66 novels published in Britain. People had been writing novels for a century most experts date the first novel to Robinson Crusoe in 1719 but nobody wanted to do it professionally. The steam-pow
3、ered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy (识字) rate in England was under 50%. Many works of fiction appeared without the names of the authors, often with something like “By a lady.” Novels, for the most part, were looked upon as silly, immoral or just plain bad.In 1870, when Di
4、ckens died, the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher, famous and beloved, who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readership and whose characters from Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim were held up as moral touchstones. Today Dickens greatness is uncha
5、llenged. Removing him from the pantheon (名人堂) of English literature would make about as much sense as the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa.How did Dickens get to the top? For all the feelings readers attach to stories, literature is a numbers game, and the test of time is extremely difficult to pass
6、. Some 60,000 novels were published during the Victorian age, from 1837 to 1901; today a casual reader might be able to name a half-dozen of them. Its partly true that Dickens style of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life. Its partly that his writings rode a wave of social, political a
7、nd scientific progress. But its also that he rewrote the culture of literature and put himself at the center. No one will ever know what mix of talent, ambition, energy and luck made Dickens such a distinguished writer. But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches, it is possible and importa
8、nt for our own culture to understand how he made himself a lasting one.21. Which of the following best describes British novels in the 18th century?A. They were difficult to understand.B. They were popular among the rich.C. They were seen as nearly worthless.D. They were written mostly by women.22.
9、Dickens is compared with the Mona Lisa in the text to stress _.A. his reputation in France B. his interest in modern artC. his success in publication D. his importance in literature23. What is the authors purpose in writing the text?A. To remember a great writer.B. To introduce an English novel.C. T
10、o encourage studies on culture.D. To promote values of the Victorian age.语篇解读关键词Charles Dickens主旨概要本文是一篇说明文，英国文学史上的泰斗狄更斯诞辰200周年即将来临，作者探讨他的历史地位，以此纪念这位伟大的作家。百科知识查尔斯狄更斯 Charles Dickens，(1812.2.71870.6.9)，19世纪英国批判现实主义小说家。主要作品有David Copperfield大卫科波菲尔、Great Expectations远大前程、Oliver Twist雾都孤儿、Hard Times艰难时世
11、、A Christmas Carol圣诞颂歌、A Tale of Two Cities双城记等。原文出处选自美国Time时代周刊，原文名为Charles in Charge语言知识重难点词plain adv简直，绝对；explosion激增，爆炸式增长；readership 读者；touchstone 试金石；someadv大约；name 说出的名字；distinguished卓越的，杰出的；approach (时间上) 临近；lasting持久的重难点词块for the most part通常，多数情况下；look on / upon as . 把看作；hold up 举出 (例子)，提出
12、(作为榜样)；remove from 将从去除；sell off 甩卖，抛售；attach feelings to 寄感情于；all walks of life各行各业；ride a / the wave of 受益于，乘之势长难句分析In 1870, when Dickens died, the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher, famous and beloved, who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and t
13、heir readership and whose characters from Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim were held up as moral touchstones. 句意为：1870年，狄更斯去世，世人把他当作第一位职业作家和出版商来哀悼，声名远播，受人爱戴。他使得小说的出版数量和读者人数都有了爆炸式增长，他所创造的人物，从小奥利弗到小蒂姆，也被当做是道德的试金石。when引导时间状语从句，who和whose引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词first professional writer and publisher。Removing him from t
14、he pantheon of English literature would make about as much sense as the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa. 句意为：如果英国文学的神圣殿堂里少了他，那就好比是卢浮宫卖掉了蒙娜丽莎一样。写作句型But asthe 200th anniversary of his birth approaches, it is possible and important for our own culture to understand how he made himself a lasting one.答案
15、与解析21. C 事实细节题根据第一段最后一句Novels, for the most part, were looked upon as silly, immoral or just plain bad. 可知，在18世纪，小说被认为愚蠢、伤风败俗或者干脆就是差劲，也就是说小说在那时被认为几乎毫无价值。22. D推理判断题根据第二段Today Dickens greatness is unchallenged.Removing him from the pantheon of English literature would make about as much sense as the L
16、ouvre selling off the Mona Lisa. 可推断，作者将狄更斯与蒙娜丽莎这幅世界名画对比，是想强调狄更斯在文坛的地位。23. A写作目的题全文主要讲述狄更斯的伟大及其小说对世界文学的影响，再结合本文最后一句But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches 可知狄更斯诞辰两百周年即将来临，由此可知作者写本文的目的是为了纪念狄更斯这位伟大的作家。BSteven Stein likes to follow garbage trucks. His strange habit makes sense when you con
17、sider that hes an environmental scientist who studieshow to reduce litter, including things that fall off garbage trucks as they drive down the road. What is even more interesting is that one of Steins jobs is defending an industry behind the plastic shopping bag.Americans use more than 100 billion
18、thin film plastic bags every year. So many end up in tree branches or along highways that a growing number of cities do not allow them at checkouts (收银台). The bags are prohibited in some 90 cities in California, including Los Angeles. Eyeing these headwinds, plastic-bag makers are hiring scientists
19、like Stein to make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet as most people assume.Among the bag makers arguments: many cities with bans still allow shoppers to purchase paper bags, which are easily recycled but require more energy to produce and transport. And while plastic bags ma
20、y be ugly to look at, they represent a small percentage of all garbage on the ground today.The industry has also taken aim at the product that has appeared as its replacement: reusable shopping bags. The stronger a reusable bag is, the longer its life and the more plastic-bag use it cancels out. How
21、ever, longer-lasting reusable bags often require more energy to make. One study found that a cotton bag must be used at least 131 times to be better for the planet than plastic.Environmentalists dont dispute (质疑) these points. They hope paper bags will be banned someday too and want shoppers to use
22、the same reusable bags for years.24. What has Steven Stein been hired to do?A. Help increase grocery sales. B. Recycle the waste material.C. Stop things falling off trucks. D. Argue for the use of plastic bags.25. What does the word “headwinds” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. Bans on plastic bags. B. Eff
23、ects of city development.C. Headaches caused by garbage. D. Plastic bags hung in trees.26. What is a disadvantage of reusable bags according to plastic-bag makers?A. They are quite expensive.B. Replacing them can be difficult.C. They are less strong than plastic bags.D. Producing them requires more
24、energy.27. What is the best title for the text?A. Plastic, Paper or NeitherB. Industry, Pollution and EnvironmentC. Recycle or Throw AwayD. Garbage Collection and Waste Control语篇解读关键词environmental scientist, plastic shopping bags, reusable bags主旨概要本文是一篇议论文，聚焦塑料购物袋和可重复使用的购物袋，究竟哪一个对环境的危害更大。原文出处语言知识重难点
25、词industry 行业；film 薄膜；eye v审视，细看(因本文是议论文，用词比较正式，如prohibit, assume, purchase, require等)重难点词块make sense 讲得通，合乎情理；end up 最终处于，最终成为；take aim at sb / sth 把目标对准某人 / 某事物; cancel out 抵消，对消长难句分析Eyeing these headwinds, plastic-bag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to make the case that their products are
26、 not as bad for the planet as most people assume. 句意为：注意到这些禁令后，塑料袋生产商聘用像斯坦这样的科学家来证明他们生产的塑料袋对地球的损害不像大多数人认为的那样糟糕。Eyeing these headwinds是现在分词短语作伴随状语，to make the case作目的状语，that their products . assume是同位语从句，解释说明case。写作句型What is even more interesting is that one of Steins jobs is .So many end up in tree
27、branches or along highways that a growing number of cities do not allow them at checkouts.答案与解析24. D 事实细节题根据第一段最后一句. one of Steins jobs is defending an industry behind the plastic shopping bag.以及第二段. plastic-bag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to make the case that their products are not as
28、bad for the planet as most people assume.可知，斯坦受雇于塑料袋生产商为塑料袋的使用提供正面的论据。25. A 词义猜测题第二段讲述的是塑料袋由于污染环境而被越来越多的城市禁用，看到这一情况，塑料袋生产商于是找科学家为塑料袋代言。根据文章的意义可知，headwinds指的是禁用塑料袋这一情况。26. D 事实细节题根据第三段倒数第二句However, longer-lasting reusable bags often require more energy to make.可知，制作可重复利用的购物袋更耗能源，这是缺点。27. A 主旨大意题本文通过对
29、比塑料购物袋和可重复使用的购物袋各自的利弊来讨论哪一种对环境更有害，故A选项为最佳标题。CAsculturalsymbolsgo,theAmericancarisquiteyoung.TheModelTFordwasbuiltatthePiquettePlantinMichiganacenturyago,withthefirstrollingofftheassemblyline(装配线)on September27,1908.Onlyelevencarswereproducedthenextmonth.ButeventuallyHenryFord wouldbuildfifteenmillio
30、nofthem.ModernAmericawasbornontheroad,behindawheel.ThecarshapedsomeofthemostlastingaspectsofAmericanculture:theroadsidediner,thebillboard,themotel,eventhe hamburger.Formostofthelastcentury,thecarrepresentedwhatitmeanttobe Americangoingforwardathighspeedtofindnewworlds.Theroadnovel,theroadmovie,these
31、arethemosttypicalAmericanideas,bornofabundantpetrol,cheapcarsandanever-endinginterstatehighwaysystem,thelargestpublicworksprojectinhistory.In1928HerbertHooverimaginedanAmericawith“achickenineverypotandacarinevery garage.”Sincethen,thissocietyhasmoved onward,never lookingback,asthecartransformedAmericafromafarm-basedsocietyintoanindustrialpower.ThecarsthatdrovetheAmericanDreamhavehelpedtocreateaglobalecologicaldisaster.InAmerica
