1、高二下学期期末考试含听力英语试题 2广东省佛山市第一中学2020-2021学年高二下学期期末考试（含听力）英语试题学校:_姓名：_班级：_考号：_一、阅读选择 Thomas Cheatham had planned to study Latin during his time at Hebron High School in Texas. But when he learned that the school district was going to offer a Mandarin(普通话) class, he quickly changed his mind.“I thought Man
2、darin would be more beneficial than Latin,” said Cheatham, who is now in his second year of studying the language.He speaks Mandarin to order food at Chinese restaurants and can read social media posts from his Chinese-speaking friends. While its a difficult language to master, the high school junio
3、r, who plans to study computer engineering, thinks it will be important for his career. “Chinese is a good language to know, especially with China becoming a growing power,” he said.Many experts agree that proficiency(熟练) in a language spoken by a billion people worldwide will give American students
4、 an edge in the global economy.“People are looking at China as our next economic competitor, and interest in Mandarin is growing fast,” said Marty Abbott, director of the American Council(议会) on the Teaching of Foreign Languages. “Were seeing it in all parts of the country.”Abbott predicts that as m
5、any as 100,000 students are now studying Mandarin in public and private schools throughout the US. She said the US government has designated (指定) Mandarin as an “important needs” language and provides professional development programs for teachers. “Our government wants to increase our language abil
6、ity for national security and economic competitiveness,” Abbott added.At the same time, the Chinese government is spreading knowledge of the Chinese language and culture through Confucius Institutes set up in many US states. For example, the Confucius Institute at the University of Texas in Dallas h
7、as been the home of a Confucius Institute for 10 years. It sponsors Confucius Classrooms at 21 local public and private schools, where tens of thousands of students are learning Mandarin.1Why did Thomas Cheatham decide to study Mandarin instead of Latin?AMandarin was easier to learn than Latin.BMand
8、arin could be helpful to his future career.CMandarin might help him learn more about China.DMandarin could enable him to study computer engineering.2The underlined word “edge” in Paragraph 4 probably means “_”.Aa slight advantage Bthe outside limitCa sharp tone of voice Dan exciting quality3Which of
9、 the following statements might Marty Abbott agree with?AMandarin should be taught in classrooms throughout the US.BThose skilled at Chinese will be the most competitive in the future.CThe US governments policy has helped popularize Mandarin in the US.DAmericans learn Mandarin because they worry abo
10、ut their national security.4What does the author mainly talk about in this passage?AThe rising popularity of Mandarin among American students.BThe great benefits of learning Mandarin for American students.CThe influence of Chinas growing power on American education.DThe effect of Confucius Institute
11、s in promoting Mandarin in the US. Almost every community has some form of rules and some way of enforcing them. So why do we have rules, and what makes people follow them?Studies have suggested that the reason we dont like rule-breaking is because fairness is programmed into our brains. Scientists
12、have found that the brain reacts in a particular way when we feel we are being treated unfairly. A fair situation makes us feel comfortable and even happy, but unfairness causes our brains to respond with negative feelings. The study found that this so happened when subjects saw others being treated
13、 unfairly. They concluded that fairness is one of basic human needs.Arriving at a feeling of fairness means considering different, often conflicting, points of view. Regardless of the disagreement, people almost always need to compromise. But it can be difficult to arrive at a compromise when there
14、are conflicting interests. This is why communities have rules that everyone must follow.Social controls are an important factor in setting and following rules. They influence the way we behave, and can be internal (内在的) or external. Internal controls come from within and are based on our values and
15、fears. Most of us dont steal, for example, because we believe that theft is unfair and wrong. We dont want to disappoint our family and friends, either. In other words, our internal controls keep us from behaving in ways that cause conflict.External controls include rewards and punishments. Rewards,
16、 such as job promotions and praise, are designed to encourage people to behave and act in the interest of the whole community.Punishments, such as public embarrassment, fines, and even imprisonment can prevent people from acting against the communitys best interests.People need their communities to
17、function smoothly. If there were no rules, most people would probably still behave positively. However, there would always be a minority who would not. This is why a society without rules is unlikely to exist.5What does the underlined word this in paragraph 2 refer to?AA program in human brains. BA
18、comfortable situation.CThe response with bad feelings. DThe requirement off fairness.6Why do communities have rules?ATo punish illegal activities. BTo prevent disagreement.CTo promote fairness. DTo meet various demands.7Which of the following is an example of internal control?ATake exams honestly be
19、cause cheating is shamefulBPark in the right place so as not to get a parking ticket.CPay the electricity bill on time in order not to get a late fee.DCooperate with your classmates to win a prize for your class.8What is the best title for this passage?ALiving by the rules BFollowing rules with puni
20、shmentsCReaching a compromise DCalling for fairness Kind-hearted parents have unknowingly left their children defenseless against failure. The generation born between 1980 and 2001 grew up playing sports where scores and performance were played down because everyones winner. And their report cards s
21、ounded more positive than ever before. As a result, Stanford University professor Carol Dweck, PhD, calls them “the overpraised generation.Dweck has been studying how people deal with failure for 40 years. Her research has led her to find out two clearly different mind-sets that have a great effect
22、on how we react to it. Heres how they work:A fixed mind-set is grounded in the belief that talent is geneticyoure a born artist, point guard, or numbers person. The fixed mind-set believes its sure to succeed without much effort and regards failure as personal shame. When things get difficult, its q
23、uick to blame, lie, and even stay away from future difficulties.On the other hand, a growth mind-set believes that no talent is entirely heaven-sent and that effort and learning make everything possible. Because the ego (自尊) isnt on the line as much, the growth mind-set sees failure as a chance rath
24、er than shame. When faced with a difficulty, its quick to rethink, change and try again. In fact, it enjoys this experience.We are all born with growth mind-sets. (Otherwise, we wouldnt be able to live in the world.) But parents, teachers, and instructors often push us into fixed mind-sets by encour
25、aging certain actions and misdirecting praise. Dwecks book, Mind-set: The New Psychology of Success, and online instructional program explain this in depth. But she says there are many little things you can start doing today to make sure that your children, grandchildren and even you are never defea
26、ted by failure.9What does professor Dweck think about the generation in their thirties now?AThey didnt do well at school. BThey were often misunderstood.CThey were eager to win in sports. DThey were given too much praise.10What does a fixed mind-set person probably do?AHe doesnt want to work hard. B
27、He cares a lot about personal safety.CHe doesnt share his ideas with others. DHe succeeds with the help of teachers.11What does the growth mind-set believe?AAdmitting failure is shameful. BTalent comes with ones birth.CScores should be highly valued. DGetting over difficulties is enjoyable.12What sh
28、ould parents do for their children based on Dwecks study?AEncourage them to learn from failures. BPrevent them from making mistakes.CGuide them in doing little things. DHelp them grow with praise.二、七选五 Words have the power to build us up or tear us down. It doesnt matter if the words come from ourse
29、lves or someone else. The positive and negative effects are just as lasting.We all talk to ourselves sometimes. 13. In fact, we really shouldnt be because more and more experts believe talking to ourselves out loud is a healthy habit. This “self-talk” helps us motivate ourselves, remember things, so
30、lve problems, and calm ourselves down. Be aware, though, that as much as 77% of self-talk tends to be negative. 14.Often, words come out of our mouths without us thinking about the effect they will have. But we should be aware that our words cause certain responses in others. 15. And the clerk will
31、probably respond in a similar manner. However, critical language may cause anger and defense.16. Many of us regret something we once said. We remember unkind words said to us as well. Before speaking, we should always ask ourselves: Is it loving? Is it needed? If what we want to say doesnt pass this
32、 test, then its better left unsaid.Words possess power: both positive and negative. Those around us receive encouragement when we speak positively. We can offer hope, build self-esteem and motivate others to do their best. Negative words destroy all those things. 17. The choice is ours.AHow should I say it?BWill we use our words to hurt or to heal?CGenerally people like positive and pleasant wor
