1、湖南省长沙市一中届高三第一次模拟考试英语2湖南省长沙市一中2014届高三第一次模拟考试（英语）2 高考英语 2014-05-18 1118 (高考好资料the biggest single jump in fuel economy since the original standards were adopted in the 1970s. Cars will cost more, but the government estimates that consumers will save an average of $3,000 in fuel over the life of a new v
2、ehicle. The standards will also place the first-ever limits on automobile greenhouse gas emissions, and are expected to reduce emissions by 21 percent by 2030 compared with what the output would have been without the standards. Because emissions from passenger vehicles represent about one-fifth of A
3、mericas greenhouse gases, this is a step forward for the planet. The automakers, who fought the rules until they went broke（破产）, have come to accept this as a step forward as well. A single national standard provides regulatory certainty, and theyve got to get more efficient to survive. However, som
4、e in Congress seemed determined to roll back the laws that got us here. Senator Lisa Murkowski, a Republican from Alaska, and several other senators have added a challenge to the federal governments authority to regulate greenhouse gases under the Clean Air Act not just from automobiles but from oth
5、er sources. The Supreme Court gave the Environmental Protection Agency that authority three years ago, and the new emissions standards would have been impossible without it. There has also been talk in the Senate of eliminating Californias special authority under the Clean Air Act to set more aggres
6、sive motor vehicle standards than the federal limits. California used that authority to pass a law in 2002 setting greenhouse gas emissions limits for cars sold there. It was the first law of its kind in this country, and it provided the drive and the foundation for the new nationwide standards. Wha
7、t all of these opponents mean to do is to roll back history and the hard-won environmental protections it has produced. That would be a huge mistake.66. The following are the benefits of the new automobile economy standards EXCEPT _. A. reduced dependence on foreign oil B. cancelling some of the law
8、s C. fewer greenhouse gas emissions D. consumer savings at the pump67. What goal is set for the year 2016? A. Cars will cost more so fewer people will buy them. B. There is a 30 percent increase in car manufacturing. C. An average vehicle can go 35.5 miles with one gallon of gas. D. Consumers will s
9、ave an average of $3,000 in fuel per car.68. The underlined word “it” in paragraph six refers to _. A. The Clean Air Act B. The Supreme Court C. The Environment Protection Agency D. The federal governments authority69. What seems to be the root of the new automobile fuel economy standards? A. Califo
10、rnias motor vehicle standards. B. The Environment Protection Agency. C. Some Senators, like Lisa Murkowski. D. Greenhouse gas emissions.70. According to the writer, the new automobile fuel economy standards will probably lead to the result that _. A. everyone wins B. more cars will be sold C. it wou
11、ld be a big mistake D. nobody agreesPART FOUR WRITINGSECTION ADirections Read the following passage. Complete the diagram / Fill in the numbered blanks by using the information for the passage.Write NO MORE THAN 3 WORDS for each answerDieters are often advised to stop drinking alcohol to avoid the e
12、xtra calories hidden in a glass of wine or a favorite cocktail. But new research suggests that women who regularly consume fair amounts of alcohol are less likely to gain weight than nondrinkers and are at lower risk for fat.The findings are based on a study of 19,220 United States women aged 39 or
13、older who, at the start of the study, fell into the “normal weight” category based on their body mass index (身体质量指数). Researchers tracked the womens drinking habits over 13 years. About 60 percent of the women were light or regular drinkers, while about 40 percent reported drinking no alcohol.Over t
14、he course of the study, 41 percent of the women became overweight or fat. Although alcohol is packed with calories (about 150 in a six-ounce glass of wine), the nondrinkers in the study actually gained more weight over time nine pounds, on average, compared with an average gain of about three pounds
15、 among regular mild drinkers. The risk of becoming overweight was almost 30 percent lower for women who consumed one or two alcohol drinks a day, compared with nondrinkers.The findings are certain to be confusing for women who continue to receive conflicting messages about the health benefits and ri
16、sks of alcohol. Although mild drinking is associated with better heart health, regular drinking also increases breast cancer risk.The trend toward less weight gain among drinkers doesnt appear to hold true for men. A 2003 study of British men showed that regular drinkers gained more weight than nond
17、rinkers. There may be differences in how men and women metabolize(代谢) alcohol. Metabolic studies show that after men drink alcohol, they experience little if any metabolic change. But alcohol appears to slightly speed up a womans metabolism.The findings dont mean women should rush to drink alcohol t
18、o lose weight. Other research shows that once a person is already overweight, her alcohol metabolism is more efficient, and so an overweight woman may gain more weight from alcohol than a lean woman. The data do, however, suggest that for many women facing weight problems, the extra calories are pro
19、bably not coming from alcoholic drinks.Title Women Who Drink Gain 71. Widely known advice Stop drinking alcohol to avoid the extra calories. 72 subjects 19,220 United States women aged 39 or older of 73 about 60 percentlight or regular drinkers;about 40 percent 74. Findings 41 percent becoming overw
20、eight or fat;nondrinkers gaining more weight over time, 9 pounds on average; 75 gaining about three pounds on average;compared with nondrinkers, women who consumed one or two alcohol drinks a day almost 30 percent 76 to become fat;women being 77 men in metabolism. 78 fact Mild drinking may 79 to bet
21、ter heart health, but it also increases breast cancer risk. Suggestion and conclusion Women should not rush to drink alcohol to lose weight.For women with weight problems, alcoholic drinks are probably not the 80 of extra calories.SECTION BDirections Read the following passage. Answer the questions
22、according to the information given in the passage and the required words limit. Write your answers on your answer sheet.The unsteady housing market is showing a rare sign of strength waiting home sales were up significantly in February, a report released Monday said, suggesting that Americans took a
23、dvantage of a tax credit for home buyers.Sales rose 8.2 percent in February, the National Association of Realtors(房地产经纪人) said. Analysts had expected sales to stay flat.Economists said Mondays data suggested buyers were re-entering the market as the April 30 deadline approached for a government tax
24、credit of up to $8,000. The tax credit drove up sales rapidly in the fall, when it was originally set to end, but it has been slow to push the market this spring.Lawrence Yun, chief economist for the association, said Mondays report “may signal the early stages of a second wave of home sales.”A sepa
25、rate report on Monday showed the service division in the United States was improving, driven in part by gains in employment.The Institute for Supply Managements non-manufacturing barometer(晴雨表) rose to 55.4 in March, up from 53 in February, going beyond expectations. Much of the energy came from a r
26、ush in new orders and business activity.It was the highest reading(测量或调查的读数) for the survey since May 2006. While employment rose, it was short of the break-even point, signaling the service division was still losing jobs. Exports also rose significantly.“This is a very encouraging report, which ind
27、icates acceleration in demand growth from both domestic and foreign customers,” Barclays Capital researchers wrote in a note on Monday.The jump in waiting home sales was a rare bit of good news for the housing market, which remains in a deep rut(车辙). Home prices have shown little change.Analysts exp
28、ect the housing market to gradually improve as unemployment becomes less and the broader recovery gains steam. But so far, relief has been slow to come.Mondays report showed sales rose even in areas hit hard by poor weather in February. Sales climbed 9 percent in the Northeast and South, which were
29、blanketed by snow in February.The Realtors association bases its data on signed contracts, which usually take one or two months to translate into final sales.81. What is the effect of the government tax credit? (No more than 5 words)82. Who is chief economist for the National Association of Realtors
30、? (No more than 2 words)83. What could be a surprise according to Mondays report? (No more than 2014 words)84. If you are asked to describe the rise in home sales in February, which word do you think is the most appropriate? (No more than 1 word)SECTION CDirections Write an English composition accor
31、ding to the instructions given below in Chinese人们在生活中面临各种各样的挑战，请说一说人们为什么喜欢挑战和有哪些新的挑战有待人们探索。注意：1. 适当展开想象，语意连贯，结构完整。2. 词数不少于120（不包括文章的开头）。For thousands of years, people have accepted challenges in different fields.参考答案：1-5 ABBCA 6-2014 CBACA 11-15 ACBBC16. taking interest in / being interested in 17. talk to them 18. a good listener19. Dress nice / nicely 20. hear your problems21-25 BABCD 26-30 CCDAB 31-35 ABCDD36-40 DACAB 41-45 ABCDB 46-47 CA48. to 49. a 50. their/the 51. that / which 52. as 53. when 54. for 55. and56-6
