湖南省长沙市一中届高三第一次模拟考试英语2.docx
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湖南省长沙市一中届高三第一次模拟考试英语2.docx
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湖南省长沙市一中届高三第一次模拟考试英语2
湖南省长沙市一中2014届高三第一次模拟考试(英语)2
高考英语
2014-05-181118
(高考好资料
thebiggestsinglejumpinfueleconomysincetheoriginalstandardswereadoptedinthe1970s.Carswillcostmore,butthegovernmentestimatesthatconsumerswillsaveanaverageof$3,000infueloverthelifeofanewvehicle.
Thestandardswillalsoplacethefirst-everlimitsonautomobilegreenhousegasemissions,andareexpectedtoreduceemissionsby21percentby2030comparedwithwhattheoutputwouldhavebeenwithoutthestandards.Becauseemissionsfrompassengervehiclesrepresentaboutone-fifthofAmerica’sgreenhousegases,thisisastepforwardfortheplanet.
Theautomakers,whofoughttherulesuntiltheywentbroke(破产),havecometoacceptthisasastepforwardaswell.Asinglenationalstandardprovidesregulatorycertainty,andthey’vegottogetmoreefficienttosurvive.
However,someinCongressseemeddeterminedtorollbackthelawsthatgotushere.SenatorLisaMurkowski,aRepublicanfromAlaska,andseveralothersenatorshaveaddedachallengetothefederalgovernment’sauthoritytoregulategreenhousegasesundertheCleanAirAct—notjustfromautomobilesbutfromothersources.TheSupremeCourtgavetheEnvironmentalProtectionAgencythatauthoritythreeyearsago,andthenewemissionsstandardswouldhavebeenimpossiblewithoutit.
TherehasalsobeentalkintheSenateofeliminatingCalifornia’sspecialauthorityundertheCleanAirActtosetmoreaggressivemotorvehiclestandardsthanthefederallimits.Californiausedthatauthoritytopassalawin2002settinggreenhousegasemissionslimitsforcarssoldthere.Itwasthefirstlawofitskindinthiscountry,anditprovidedthedriveandthefoundationforthenewnationwidestandards.
Whatalloftheseopponentsmeantodoistorollbackhistoryandthehard-wonenvironmentalprotectionsithasproduced.Thatwouldbeahugemistake.
66.ThefollowingarethebenefitsofthenewautomobileeconomystandardsEXCEPT________.
A.reduceddependenceonforeignoil
B.cancellingsomeofthelaws
C.fewergreenhousegasemissions
D.consumersavingsatthepump
67.Whatgoalissetfortheyear2016?
A.Carswillcostmoresofewerpeoplewillbuythem.
B.Thereisa30percentincreaseincarmanufacturing.
C.Anaveragevehiclecango35.5mileswithonegallonofgas.
D.Consumerswillsaveanaverageof$3,000infuelpercar.
68.Theunderlinedword“it”inparagraphsixrefersto________.
A.TheCleanAirAct
B.TheSupremeCourt
C.TheEnvironmentProtectionAgency
D.Thefederalgovernment’sauthority
69.Whatseemstobetherootofthenewautomobilefueleconomystandards?
A.California’smotorvehiclestandards.
B.TheEnvironmentProtectionAgency.
C.SomeSenators,likeLisaMurkowski.
D.Greenhousegasemissions.
70.Accordingtothewriter,thenewautomobilefueleconomystandardswillprobablyleadtotheresultthat________.
A.everyonewins
B.morecarswillbesold
C.itwouldbeabigmistake
D.nobodyagrees
PARTFOURWRITING
SECTIONA
DirectionsReadthefollowingpassage.Completethediagram/Fillinthenumberedblanksbyusingtheinformationforthepassage.
WriteNOMORETHAN3WORDSforeachanswer
Dietersareoftenadvisedtostopdrinkingalcoholtoavoidtheextracalorieshiddeninaglassofwineorafavoritecocktail.Butnewresearchsuggeststhatwomenwhoregularlyconsumefairamountsofalcoholarelesslikelytogainweightthannondrinkersandareatlowerriskforfat.
Thefindingsarebasedonastudyof19,220UnitedStateswomenaged39orolderwho,atthestartofthestudy,fellintothe“normalweight”categorybasedontheirbodymassindex(身体质量指数).Researcherstrackedthewomen’sdrinkinghabitsover13years.About60percentofthewomenwerelightorregulardrinkers,whileabout40percentreporteddrinkingnoalcohol.
Overthecourseofthestudy,41percentofthewomenbecameoverweightorfat.Althoughalcoholispackedwithcalories(about150inasix-ounceglassofwine),thenondrinkersinthestudyactuallygainedmoreweightovertimeninepounds,onaverage,comparedwithanaveragegainofaboutthreepoundsamongregularmilddrinkers.Theriskofbecomingoverweightwasalmost30percentlowerforwomenwhoconsumedoneortwoalcoholdrinksaday,comparedwithnondrinkers.
Thefindingsarecertaintobeconfusingforwomenwhocontinuetoreceiveconflictingmessagesaboutthehealthbenefitsandrisksofalcohol.Althoughmilddrinkingisassociatedwithbetterhearthealth,regulardrinkingalsoincreasesbreastcancerrisk.
Thetrendtowardlessweightgainamongdrinkersdoesn’tappeartoholdtrueformen.A2003studyofBritishmenshowedthatregulardrinkersgainedmoreweightthannondrinkers.Theremaybedifferencesinhowmenandwomenmetabolize(代谢)alcohol.Metabolicstudiesshowthataftermendrinkalcohol,theyexperiencelittleifanymetabolicchange.Butalcoholappearstoslightlyspeedupawoman’smetabolism.
Thefindingsdon’tmeanwomenshouldrushtodrinkalcoholtoloseweight.Otherresearchshowsthatonceapersonisalreadyoverweight,heralcoholmetabolismismoreefficient,andsoanoverweightwomanmaygainmoreweightfromalcoholthanaleanwoman.Thedatado,however,suggestthatformanywomenfacingweightproblems,theextracaloriesareprobablynotcomingfromalcoholicdrinks.
TitleWomenWhoDrinkGain 71
Ⅰ.Widelyknownadvice
Stopdrinkingalcoholtoavoidtheextracalories.
Ⅱ.72 subjects19,220UnitedStateswomenaged39orolderof 73
●about60percent-lightorregulardrinkers;
●about40percent- 74
Ⅲ.Findings
●41percentbecomingoverweightorfat;
●nondrinkersgainingmoreweightovertime,9poundsonaverage;
● 75 gainingaboutthreepoundsonaverage;
●comparedwithnondrinkers,womenwhoconsumedoneortwoalcoholdrinksadayalmost30percent 76 tobecomefat;
●womenbeing 77 meninmetabolism
Ⅳ.78 fact
Milddrinkingmay 79 tobetterhearthealth,butitalsoincreasesbreastcancerrisk.
Ⅴ.Suggestionandconclusion
●Womenshouldnotrushtodrinkalcoholtoloseweight.
●Forwomenwithweightproblems,alcoholicdrinksareprobablynotthe80 ofextracalories.
SECTIONB
DirectionsReadthefollowingpassage.Answerthequestionsaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageandtherequiredwordslimit.Writeyouranswersonyouranswersheet.
TheunsteadyhousingmarketisshowingararesignofstrengthwaitinghomesaleswereupsignificantlyinFebruary,areportreleasedMondaysaid,suggestingthatAmericanstookadvantageofataxcreditforhomebuyers.
Salesrose8.2percentinFebruary,theNationalAssociationofRealtors(房地产经纪人)said.Analystshadexpectedsalestostayflat.
EconomistssaidMonday’sdatasuggestedbuyerswerere-enteringthemarketastheApril30deadlineapproachedforagovernmenttaxcreditofupto$8,000.Thetaxcreditdroveupsalesrapidlyinthefall,whenitwasoriginallysettoend,butithasbeenslowtopushthemarketthisspring.
LawrenceYun,chiefeconomistfortheassociation,saidMonday’sreport“maysignaltheearlystagesofasecondwaveofhomesales.”
AseparatereportonMondayshowedtheservicedivisionintheUnitedStateswasimproving,driveninpartbygainsinemployment.
TheInstituteforSupplyManagement’snon-manufacturingbarometer(晴雨表)roseto55.4inMarch,upfrom53inFebruary,goingbeyondexpectations.Muchoftheenergycamefromarushinnewordersandbusinessactivity.
Itwasthehighestreading(测量或调查的读数)forthesurveysinceMay2006.Whileemploymentrose,itwasshortofthebreak-evenpoint,signalingtheservicedivisionwasstilllosingjobs.Exportsalsorosesignificantly.
“Thisisaveryencouragingreport,whichindicatesaccelerationindemandgrowthfrombothdomesticandforeigncustomers,”BarclaysCapitalresearcherswroteinanoteonMonday.
Thejumpinwaitinghomesaleswasararebitofgoodnewsforthehousingmarket,whichremainsinadeeprut(车辙).Homepriceshaveshownlittlechange.
Analystsexpectthehousingmarkettograduallyimproveasunemploymentbecomeslessandthebroaderrecoverygainssteam.Butsofar,reliefhasbeenslowtocome.
Monday’sreportshowedsalesroseeveninareashithardbypoorweatherinFebruary.Salesclimbed9percentintheNortheastandSouth,whichwereblanketedbysnowinFebruary.
TheRealtorsassociationbasesitsdataonsignedcontracts,whichusuallytakeoneortwomonthstotranslateintofinalsales.
81.Whatistheeffectofthegovernmenttaxcredit?
(Nomorethan5words)
82.WhoischiefeconomistfortheNationalAssociationofRealtors?
(Nomorethan2words)
83.WhatcouldbeasurpriseaccordingtoMonday’sreport?
(Nomorethan2014words)
84.IfyouareaskedtodescribetheriseinhomesalesinFebruary,whichworddoyouthinkisthemostappropriate?
(Nomorethan1word)
SECTIONC
DirectionsWriteanEnglishcompositionaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese
人们在生活中面临各种各样的挑战,请说一说人们为什么喜欢挑战和有哪些新的挑战有待人们探索。
注意:
1. 适当展开想象,语意连贯,结构完整。
2. 词数不少于120(不包括文章的开头)。
Forthousandsofyears,peoplehaveacceptedchallengesindifferentfields.
参考答案:
1-5ABBCA 6-2014CBACA 11-15ACBBC
16.takinginterestin/beinginterestedin 17.talktothem 18.agoodlistener
19.Dressnice/nicely 20.hearyourproblems
21-25BABCD 26-30CCDAB 31-35ABCDD
36-40DACAB 41-45ABCDB 46-47CA
48.to 49.a 50.their/the 51.that/which 52.as 53.when54.for55.and
56-6
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