1、小镇畸人 英文论文Abstract: Winesburg, Ohio is Sherwood Andersons masterpiece and also one of the important books in American literature. This paper intends to psychoanalyze the grotesque characters in Winesburg, Ohio according to Freuds theory of Unconsciousness. By analyzing the characters with Freuds theo
2、ry of three levels of personalitiesid, superego and ego, and discussing the transitional society with its great impact on peoples moral principle, we could see that lack of love, sexual repression and incapability of communication are the fundamental reasons for these small-town peoples grotesquenes
3、s. Key words: Sherwood Anderson; Winesburg, Ohio; Freudian psychoanalysis；grotesques摘要：小镇畸人是美国作家舍伍德安德森的代表作，也是美国文学史中的经典著作之一。本文通过运用弗洛依德的无意识论对小说小镇畸人中的畸人形象进行心理分析。通过自我，本我，超我三个层次对人物性格进行分析，并且讨论了在过渡时期的社会对人民的道德准则产生了巨大影响。我们可以看到小镇中的人们变成畸人的根本原因是爱的缺失，性的压抑以及交际能力的丧失。关键词：舍伍德安德森；小镇畸人；弗洛依德心理分析；畸人A Psychoanalysis of t
4、he Grotesques inSherwood Andersons Winesburg, Ohio1. IntroductionWinesburg, Ohio is Sherwood Andersons masterpiece and also one of the important books in American literature. There are twenty five short stories in the book portraying twenty three grotesques who had great passion for love and underst
5、anding but were destroyed in the machine age. This paper intends to analyze the characters with Freuds theory of three levels of personalities, and reveal the grotesques to detect the characters psycho world. It can be roughly divided into five parts, the first part is the introduction, introducing
6、the central thesis and the framework of the paper. The second part is an introduction to Sherwood Anderson and his Winesburg, Ohio, it aims to introduce Andersons frustrating lifetime and his work: Winesburg, Ohio. The third part mainly talks about the Freuds theory of unconsciousness. The fourth pa
7、rt deals with the detailed interpretation of the grotesque characters in the book with the theory of personalities id, superego and ego. The last part is the conclusion of this paper. By analyzing the reflection of id, superego and ego in characters we can get a clear understanding of their grotesqu
8、e behavior and the direct reasons for their being grotesques: they totally lost themselves in the transitional society moving from agriculture to industry in which social morality and principle changed dramatically.Through profound analysis of these parts, we could see that the alienation, lack of l
9、ove, sexual repression and incapability of communication are the fundamental reasons for these small-town peoples grotesqueness.2. A General Review of Sherwood Anderson and His Winesburg, Ohio Sherwood Anderson (1876-1941) is regarded as a major figure of modern literature. William Faulkner called h
10、im “the father of my generation of American writers and the tradition of American writing which our successor will carry on.” (Yang, 1986: 25) Anderson was born in a poor family in Camden, Ohio, a mid-western American state, which inspired the setting of many of his stories. Because of the poor cond
11、ition, his father began to immerse himself in alcohol when Andersons mother died, it was Andersons duty to sustain the whole family. He had many jobs such as a factory worker, a house painter, a farm hand, and finally he became a very successful businessman at age 36. By the turn of the century, Chi
12、cago had become a cultural center in the Mid-west and he got to know Carl Sandburg, Theodore Dreiser, who inspired him to publish his novels. After publishing his collections of short stories, he had established the international reputation as one of the best modern writers. In 1919, Andsons first s
13、tory, Windy McPhersons Son was published, which described a sons resentment against his father. Next year, Marching Men followed it to publish. But both of these have little importance. In 1921, Anderson published his “Dial Prize” winning novel Poor White. In this novel, he described a small Mid-wes
14、tern town changed by the industrial revolution. Anderson also published some other novels, such as: The Triumph of the Egg (1921), Horses and Men (1923), Many Marriages (1923), Dark Laughter (1925), Death in the Woods (1933), Kit Brandon (1936), but these works couldnt parallel with Winesburg, Ohio
15、in depth and in literary skill. He shot to fame with his masterpiece Winesburg, Ohio “ which gave him a foremost position in contemporary American letters.”(Chang, 1990: 125)Andersons life experience and his attitude toward the society deeply affected his masterpiece Winesburg, Ohio, which was a col
16、lection of twenty-five loosely bound but closely related short stories set in the small town of Winesburg in the latter part of the nineteenth century. The collection was a systematic exploration of Middle Westerners living situation during the transitional period in American history. In these stories, Anderson portrayed with both compassion and clinical accuracy the secret lives of people who have been irreparably thwarted and frustrat
