英语专四冲刺班语法词汇专向练习内部资料.docx
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英语专四冲刺班语法词汇专向练习内部资料.docx
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英语专四冲刺班语法词汇专向练习内部资料
2007年专四冲刺班语法词汇专项练习(内部资料)
英语专业四级考试历年各语法考点的分布表
历年试题中出现的重点词汇
2006年专四出现的考试词汇
重点词汇
Superstition,discrimination,misfortune,Cathedral,executive,splendor,rainforest,renovate,drastically,accommodation,distinction,squeeze,trickle,conspicuous,StockExchange,implication,squander,stereotype,inferiority,tendency,conflict,jealousy,counterbalance,initiation,irritation,stimulate,attachment,intimacy,subtle,reveal,affectionate,excursion
重点词组
Plungein,accommodationofficer,atthejunctionof,ontherun,textmessage,intrudeon,beinclinedtodo,feelashamedof,beoccupiedwith,takemyword(forit)
2005年专四出现的考试词汇
重点词汇
Deficiency,weakness,insufficiency,drain,proceed,enhance,issue,concern,concernwith,habitually,consequently,rarely,tolerant,hostile,indifferent,good-tempered,consensus,compromise,humid,enthusiasm,hesitation,caution,equivalent,similarity,imaginative,ingenious,impractical,theoretical,minority,scarcity,rarity,minimum,finance,budge,concentrated,extensive,exclude,deny,availability,convenience,sparsely
重点词组
Getover,getin,getback,getalong,goabout,goover,nothingbut,anythingbut,soasto,suchasto,onoccasion,onpurpose,onconditionthat,takenonoticeof,moveon,moveoff,goinfor,gothough,callin,callover,callupon,callout,objecttosth/doingsth,moveout,movealong,carryintoeffect,takeeffect,putintoeffect,pullback,pullup,pullthrough,pullout
2004年专四出现的考试词汇
重点词汇
Jurisdiction,withdrawal,chaos,regime,dramatically,urban,aggression,militant,intelligence,reject,cycle,reversed,former,regular,temporary,tendency,preference,disclose,grudge,bearagrudge/grudges,worthless,invaluable,priceless,restore,revive,renew,drain,spill,shiver,spin,stagger,empathic,eloquent,emotional,vibrant,energetic,thereof,thereby,thereabouts,mortality
重点词组
Callfor,reactto,inaword,nosooner…than…,catchup(on),clearup,makeup,pickup,totheexclusionof
2003年专四出现的考试词汇
重点词汇
Intermediate,book,medium,mid,afford,fragrance,perfume,flavor,massively,plentifully,adequately,identical,alike,acquire,brand,stuff,commodity,nevertheless,extraordinary,unique,rare,acknowledge,switchto,divertfrom/to,modify,alter,ensure,enrich,scale,strip,peel,slice,stiff
重点词组
Showoff,showup,showaround,answerfor,answerto,answerback,allowfor,stemfrom,tendto,shiftto,accountfor
2002年专四出现的考试词汇重点词汇
重点词汇
Promising,pleasing,obliging,vacant,deserted,fragment,extract,preset,late,misguided,narrowly,award,compensation,prize,reward
重点词组
Ratherthan,concentrateon,getover,getaway,getoff,getacross,refertosthassth,applyto,makeabidfor,onnoaccount,putforward,becommittedto,startout
2001年专四出现的考试词汇
重点词汇
Characteristic,obliging,vacant,extract,preset,late,cyclical,staggering,descent,declined,application,use,utility,quality,feature,frustrate,discourage,assign,tackle,usage
重点词组
Getover,refertosthassth,amountto,cometo,makeabidfor,onnoaccount,inproportiont,by/incomparisonwith,disapprovalof,distastefor,dissatisfactionwith,dismayat,doawaywith,inorder,in(good/bad)form,ingood(working)order,reduceto,asregards,inthat,what’smore,aswell,foronething…foranother,inaddition,berestrictedtodoing,ratherthan,beconfrontedwith,requiresthofsb,befacedwith,lackof,anoddingacquaintance,familiaritywith,acquaintancewith,onone’sown
2000年专四出现的考试词汇
重点词汇
Rudimentary,swerve,uninformative,startling,eclipse,pedestrian,mystique,stifling,exploited,controversial,sensible,infect,primitive,adequate,ambitious,scarf,considerate,checkup
重点词组
Getabout,geton,getin,setthrough,putby,beallergicto,withoutfail,withouthesitation,takeabackseatto,onone’sbehalf,makeacleardistinction,putoff,putup,putby,bynomeans,getridof,havetroublewith,calloff
1999年专四出现的考试词汇
重点词汇
Traumatic,jeopardize,instant,urgent,prompt,hasty,exceedingly,excessively,extensively,peculiar,specific
重点词组
Handdown,handin,agreeupon,agreein,agreewith,not…anymorethan…,nomorethan,nolessthan,muchmorethan
1998年专四出现的考试词汇
重点词汇
Ample,authentically,spontaneous,eternal,simultaneous,synthetic,dispel,disqualify,infinite,ceaseless,everlasting,cultivation,upbringing,innocently,genuinely,substantial,subsequently,successively,preliminarily,halt,surrender,abandon
重点词组
Beavailabletosb,copewith,
1997年专四出现的考试词汇
重点词汇
Renovate,engagement,gleam,prohibit
重点词组
Forall,drawupon,beconcernedwith,reactionto,restrainsbfromdoingsth,berelevantto,adaptoneselfto,conformoneselfto
1996年专四出现的考试词汇
重点词汇
Considerate,considerable,profound,respectful,respecting,respectable,vacate,dweller,tenant,primitive,initial,original,elementary,spoilt,deliberate,compulsory,spontaneous,voluntary
重点词组
Attheheartof,discouragesbfromdoingsth,beinvolvedin,havenowayofdoingsth,cometo,comearound,comeon,comeupwith,lookup,lookupto,payup,keepup,standupto,carryoff,carryaway,carryon,forlackof,otherthan
1995年专四出现的考试词汇
重点词汇
Repel,sovereign,resent,proprietor,nuisance,annoyance,refresh,restore,pedigree,hectic,autograph,potential,coexist,honorary,honorific,splash,scatter,insistent,persistent,consistent,resistant,mute,illusion,vision,client,landlord,tenant,proprietor,massacre,bid,auction,embarrassment,distress
重点词组
Upholdthesentence,pullthrough,acquaintsbwithsth,throwoff,throwdown,throwover,acquaintsbwithsth,overacupofcoffee/tea,getover,successindoingsth,influenceon
1994年专四出现的考试词汇
重点词汇
Volume,pitch,reclaim,deprive,punch,whip,unsurpassed,inadvertently,fascinating,scatter,dignity,sensible,faint,pale,bleach,fade,withhold,scarcity,proficiency,capacity,excursion,attendant,subsequently,affection,disassemble
重点词组
Shutsbup,closeup,stopup,inthefirstplace,appealto,beintenton,beabsorbedin,beengrossedin,beinvolvedin,bringforward,bringabout,bringon,withhold…from,depriveof,obtainsthfrom,benefitfrom,disposeof,lateron
1993年专四出现的考试词汇
重点词汇
Imaginable,imaginative,imaginary,playful,obscurity,ignorance,misgiving,squeezed,eyestrain,exemption,amateur,certificate,elegance,leisure,miserly,disgusted,discard,dispel,discharge,worthless,invaluable,priceless,unworthy,hint,clue,neglectful,negligible,neglected,negligent,proficient,outstanding,prominent,stale,misty,incident,marvelous,recipe,ingredient
重点词组
Belackingin,catchon,drawup,drawon,drawout,drawback,commentonsth,disposeof,inhalf,regrettodosth,regretdoingsth,presideover,mowthat,ontheroad,onthemarch,onthemove,comeupon,comeon
语法点一:
主谓一致
1.在一般现在时中,若主语是单数第三人称,谓语动词则要加-s或-es,具体变化同名词的单数变复数。
如:
Hegoestoschoolat8everymorning.不说:
Hego….
1)单数第三人称作主语的词包括:
单数人称代词:
he,she,it
不定代词:
each,everyone
人名:
John,BillGates等。
普通单数名词:
mybrother,English等。
2)单数动词的变化有:
be—is;have—has;其他动词在词尾加-s或-es,具体变化同名词的单数变复数,work—works,study--studies。
若主语是单数第一、第二人称或复数,则谓语动词永原形,不需要加-s或-es.常见的这样的主语有:
单数人称代词:
I,you复数人称代词:
we,you,they复数名词:
students,books等。
2.在助动词或情态动词后面,直接接动词原型。
a.ShecansinginEnglish.b.Hegoestoschoolearly.Hedoesn’tgotoschoolearly.
3.Therebe句型的主谓一致。
研究下列句子:
Thereisabookonthedesk.Therearetwobooksonthedesk.
Therebe句型是一倒装结构,因此谓语动词的单复数要与be动词后面的名词一致。
4.“数量词+名词”结构的主谓一致
只与可数名词连用
只接单数的
One
Each
every
Oneboy
Eachboy
Everyboy
单数谓语
Everyboyissmart.
Everyboyhasagift.
Everyboystudieshard.
只接复数的
Two,three,etc.
Both
Acoupleof
Afew
Few
Several
Many
Anumberof
Twoboys
Bothboys
Acoupleofboys
Afewboys
Fewboys
Severalboys
Manyboys
Anumberofboys
复数谓语
Manyboysaresmart.
Manyboyshaveagift.
Manyboysstudyhard.
只与不可数名词连用
Alittle
Little
Much
Agreatdealof
Alargeamountof
Alittlewater
Littlewater
Muchwater
Agreatdealofwater
Alargeamountofwater
单数谓语
Muchwaterisclean.
Muchwaterhasbacteria.
与可数名词复数或不可数名词连用均可
Notany
Some
Alotof
Lotsof
Plentyof
Most
all
Notanyboys,notanywater
Someboys,somewater
Alotofboys,alotofwater
Lotsofboys,lotsofwater
Plentyofboys,plentyofwater
Mostboys,mostwater
Allboys,allwater
接可数复数名词时用复数谓语;接不可数名词时用单数谓语。
Somewaterisclean.
Someboysaresmart.
在上述数量词中,有些还可以接of短于连用。
具体用法如下:
All/most/some/anyof+特指限定词+复数可数或不可数名词
Mostofmy/these/the/John’sbooksareinteresting.
Mostoftheinformationisuseless.
Many/afew/few/several/both/two/three/of+特指限定词+复数可数名词
ManyofthesestudentsaregoodatEnglish.
总的规则:
接可数复数名词时用复数谓语;接不可数名词时用单数谓语。
Much/alittle/littleof+特指限定词+不可数名词
Muchofthewateriswasted
Oneof
Eachof+特指限定词+复数可数名词+单数谓语
Everyoneof
OneofmystudentsisgoodatEnglish.
EveryoneofmystudentsisgoodatEnglish.
5.单数形式的名词作主语与谓语动词形式的关系
一般来说,单数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数形式,这个符合英语中的语法上一致原则。
但此种情况也有例外。
现在详细归纳如下:
1)Manya+名词单数,虽为复数概念,但谓语用单数。
a.Thereismanyanerrorthathehasneglected.
b.Manyamanand(manya)womanhaswishedthatheorshehadhadabettereducation.(Manymenandwomenhave….)
2)Morethanone+可数名词单数,是复数概念,但谓语用单数。
a.Thereismorethanoneanswertothisquestion.
b.Morethanonetopichasbeendiscussedatthemeeting.
与此类似的另一个结构:
more+复数名词+thanone,谓语用复数。
a.Moretopicsthanonehavebeendiscussedatthemeeting.
b.Morepersonsthanonewerekilled.
3)a+单数名词+ortwo作主语,谓语用单数。
Oneortwo+复数名词,谓语用复数。
a.Awordortwoismisusedinthesentence.
b.Oneortwowordsaremisusedinthesentence.
4)对于集体名词,如:
party,crowd,class,team,family,crew,government,committee,audience,public等,则要视情况而定:
a.
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