英语议论文范文.docx
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英语议论文范文.docx
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英语议论文范文
英语议论文范文
Teenagers’AccesstotheInternetShouldBeRestricted
•TheInternetisawonderfulworld.Itseemsthatwithitwecandoalmosteverything.
Somepeoplewon’tliveadaywithoutsurfingontheInternet.Buttherearisesthe
question:
Shouldteenagers’accesstotheInternetberestricted?
Myanswerisa
definiteYes.Teenagersshouldbeallowedtousethecomputer,buttheiraccesstothe
Internetshouldbesupervised,thatis,restricted.FreeaccesstotheInternetwillbring
manyproblemstoteenagers:
itmayinterferewiththeirstudy;itdoesharmtotheir
health;itexposesthemtoviolenceandpornographyandmayturntheminto
uncivilizedorevendangerouspeople;anditmayputthosearoundteenagersin
danger.
•First,unrestrictedaccesstotheInternetwillinterferewithteenagers’study.As
students,teenagers’maintaskistostudy,whichneedsmuchtime.Ifteenagersare
allowedtosurftheInternetwheneverandwherevertheywishto,theywillspendtoo
muchtimechattingwithothers,searchingforanddownloadingmusicandmovies,
listeningtomusic,watchingTV,readingnews,andsoon,whichwilltaketoomuch
timeandthereforedogreatharmtotheirstudy.
•What’smore,freeaccesstotheInternetmaydoharmtoteenagers’health.Teenagers
aretooyoungtohaveself-control.Withoutparents’supervision,theywillbeattracted
bythecolorfulinformationontheInternetandspendhoursorevendaysonthe
Internet.Someevenneglecttheirmealsandsleeptochatwithothersortoplayonline
games.Myfather,whoisusuallyquitestrictwithhimself,oftenstaysupverylateto
playonlinebridge,whichiscertainlyharmfultohishealth.Howcanweexpecta
teenagertoresistthetemptationoftheInternetandtearhimselffromit.Itwon’tbe
longbeforetheteenagergrowsweak.
•Third,surfingtheInternetwithoutanyrestrictionmayturnteenagersintouncivilized,
violentorevendangerouspeople.Manypeoplearenotsocivilizedwhentheyexpress
theiropinionsintheforums.Theyswear;theyinsultpeople.Thesewilldefinitelyhave
badinfluenceonteenagerswhentheycomeintocontactwithsuchthings.What’s
more,themoviesontheInternetarenumorous,andsomeofthemarefullofviolence.
Exposuretosuchmovieswillmakeyoungpeopleviolent.Tomakethingsworse,
somewebsitesevenprovidedetailedinformationonhowtomakebombs!
Youcan
imaginewhatmayhappenifteenagershappentoclickintothem.
•Apartfromhavingnegativeinfluenceonteenagersthemselves,freeaccesstothe
Internetmayputteenagers’familymembersandtheirfriendsindanger.Teenagersare
tooyoungtobecautiousaboutprivateinformation.Theymayrevealsuchprivate
informationasfamilyaddressandfamilywealthwhenchattingontheInternet.This
kindofinformationmayfallintosomebadguys’hands.Andthepeoplerelatedmay
getintotrouble.
•Toconclude,unrestrictedaccessforteenagerstotheInternetisproblematic.Itmay
leadtoalotofproblems:
interferencewithstudy,poorhealth,exposuretosexand
violence,unintentionalrevelationofprivateinformation.Therefore,Istronglysuggest
thatteenagers’accesstotheInternetshouldberestricted.
ArgumentsAgainstEuthanasia
Euthanasiawouldnotonlybeforpeoplewhoare"terminallyill"
Euthanasiacanbecomeameansofhealthcarecostcontainment
Euthanasiawillbecomenon-voluntary
Euthanasiaisarejectionoftheimportanceandvalueofhumanlife
1.Euthanasiawouldnotonlybeforpeoplewhoare"terminallyill."Therearetwoproblemshere--thedefinitionof"terminal"andthechangesthathavealreadytakenplacetoextendeuthanasiatothosewhoaren't"terminallyill."Therearemanydefinitionsfortheword"terminal."Forexample,whenhespoketotheNationalPressClubin1992,JackKevorkiansaidthataterminalillnesswas"anydiseasethatcurtailslifeevenforaday."Theco-founderoftheHemlockSocietyoftenrefersto"terminaloldage."Somelawsdefine"terminal"conditionasonefromwhichdeathwilloccurina"relativelyshorttime."Othersstatethat"terminal"meansthatdeathisexpectedwithinsixmonthsorless.
Evenwhereaspecificlifeexpectancy(likesixmonths)isreferredto,medicalexpertsacknowledgethatitisvirtuallyimpossibletopredictthelifeexpectancyofaparticularpatient.Somepeoplediagnosedasterminallyilldon'tdieforyears,ifatall,fromthediagnosedcondition.Increasingly,however,euthanasiaactivistshavedroppedreferencestoterminalillness,replacingthemwithsuchphrasesas"hopelesslyill,""desperatelyill,""incurablyill,""hopelesscondition,"and"meaninglesslife."
Anarticleinthejournal,SuicideandLife-ThreateningBehavior,describedassistedsuicideguidelinesforthosewithahopelesscondition."Hopelesscondition"wasdefinedtoincludeterminalillness,severephysicalorpsychologicalpain,physicalormentaldebilitationordeterioration,oraqualityoflifethatisnolongeracceptabletotheindividual.Thatmeansjustaboutanybodywhohasasuicidalimpulse.
2.Euthanasiacanbecomeameansofhealthcarecostcontainment
"...physician-assistedsuicide,ifitbecamewidespread,couldbecomeaprofit-enhancingtoolforbigHMOs."
"...drugsusedinassistedsuicidecostonlyabout$40,butthatitcouldtake$40,000totreatapatientproperlysothattheydon'twantthe"choice"ofassistedsuicide..."...WesleyJ.Smith,seniorfellowattheDiscoveryInstitute.
Perhapsoneofthemostimportantdevelopmentsinrecentyearsistheincreasingemphasisplacedonhealthcareproviderstocontaincosts.Insuchaclimate,euthanasiacertainlycouldbecomeameansofcostcontainment.
IntheUnitedStates,thousandsofpeoplehavenomedicalinsurance;studieshaveshownthatthepoorandminoritiesgenerallyarenotgivenaccesstoavailablepaincontrol,andmanaged-carefacilitiesareofferingphysicianscashbonusesiftheydon'tprovidecareforpatients.Withgreaterandgreateremphasisbeingplacedonmanagedcare,manydoctorsareatfinancialriskwhentheyprovidetreatmentfortheirpatients.Legalizedeuthanasiaraisesthepotentialforaprofoundlydangeroussituationinwhichdoctorscouldfindthemselvesfarbetterofffinanciallyifaseriouslyillordisabledperson"chooses"todieratherthanreceivelong-termcare.
Savingstothegovernmentmayalsobecomeaconsideration.Thiscouldtakeplaceifgovernmentscutbackonpayingfortreatmentandcareandreplacethemwiththe"treatment"ofdeath.Forexample,immediatelyafterthepassageofMeasure16,Oregon's
lawpermittingassistedsuicide,JeanThorne,thestate'sMedicaidDirector,announcedthatphysician-assistedsuicidewouldbepaidforas"comfortcare"undertheOregonHealthPlanwhichprovidesmedicalcoverageforabout345,000poorOregonians.WithineighteenmonthsofMeasure16'spassage,theStateofOregonannouncedplanstocutbackonhealthcarecoverageforpoorstateresidents.InCanada,hospitalstaysarebeingshortenedwhile,atthesametime,fundshavenotbeenmadeavailableforhomecareforthesickandelderly.Registerednursesarebeingreplacedwithlessexpensivepracticalnurses.Patientsareforcedtoendurelongwaitsformanytypesofneededsurgery.1
3.Euthanasiawillonlybevoluntary,theysayEmotionalandpsychologicalpressurescouldbecomeoverpoweringfordepressedordependentpeople.Ifthechoiceofeuthanasiaisconsideredasgoodasadecisiontoreceivecare,manypeoplewillfeelguiltyfornotchoosingdeath.Financialconsiderations,addedtotheconcernabout"beingaburden,"couldserveaspowerfulforcesthatwouldleadapersonto"choose"euthanasiaorassistedsuicide.Peopleforeuthanasiasaythatvoluntaryeuthanasiawillnotleadtoinvoluntaryeuthanasia.Theylookatthingsassimplyblackandwhite.Inreallifetherewouldbemillionsofsituationseachyearwherecaseswouldnotfallclearlyintoeithercategory.Herearetwo:
Example1:
anelderlypersoninanursinghome,whocanbarelyunderstandabreakfastmenu,isaskedtosignaformconsentingtobekilled.Isthisvoluntaryorinvoluntary?
Willtheybeprotectedbythelaw?
How?
Rightnowtheoverallprohibitiononkillingstandsintheway.Onceonesignaturecansignawayaperson'slife,whatcanbeasstrongaprotectionasthecurrentabsoluteprohibitionondirectkilling?
Answer:
nothing.
Example2:
awomanissufferingfromdepresssionandaskstobehelpedtocommitsuicide.Onedoctorsetsupapracticeto"help"suchpeople.Sheandanyonewhowantstodieknowshewillapproveanysuchrequest.Hedoesthousandsayearfor$200each.Howdoesthelawprotectpeoplefromhim?
Doesitspecifythatadoctorcanonlyapprove50requestsayear?
100?
150?
Ifyoudon'tthinktherearesuchdoctors,justlookatrecentstoriesofdoctorsandnurseswhoarechargedwithmurderforkillingdozensorhundredsofpatients.Legalizedeuthanasiawouldmostlikelyprogresstothestagewherepeople,atacertainpoint,wouldbeexpectedtovolunteertobekilled.Thinkaboutthis:
Whatifyourveternariansaidthatyourilldogwouldbebetterof"putoutofhermisery"bybeing"puttosleep"andyourefusedtoconsent.Whatwouldthevetandhisassistantsthink?
Whatwouldyourfriendsthink?
Tenyearsfromnow,ifadoctortoldyouyourmother's"qualityoflife"wasnotworthlivingforandaskedyou,astheclosestfamilymember,toapprovea"quick,painlessendingofherlife"andyourefusedhowwoulddoctors,nursesandothers,conditionedtoaccepteuthanasiaasnormalandright,treatyouandyourmother.Or,whatiftheapprovalwassoughtfromyourmother,whowasdep
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