黑龙江省大庆市第一中学学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题附答案解析.docx
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黑龙江省大庆市第一中学学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题附答案解析.docx
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黑龙江省大庆市第一中学学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题附答案解析
2018-2019学年黑龙江省大庆一中高二(上)期末
英语试卷
一、阅读理解(本大题共15小题,共30.0分)
A
"Indeed,"GeorgeWashingtonwroteinhisdiaryin1785,"somekindoffly,orbug,hadbeguntoeattheleavesbeforeIlefthome."ButthefatherofAmericawasnotthefatherofbug.WhenWashingtonwrotethat,Englishmenhadbeenreferringtoinsectsasbugsformorethanacentury,andAmericanshadalreadycreatedlightning-bug(萤火虫).ButtheEnglishweresoontostopusingthebugsintheirlanguage,leavingittotheAmericanstocallabugabuginthenineteenthandtwentiethcenturies.
TheAmericanbugcouldalsobeaperson,referringtosomeonewhowascrazyaboutaparticularactivity.Althoughfanbecametheusualterm,sportsfansusedtobecalledracingbugs,baseballbugs,andthelike.
Orthebugcouldbeasmallmachineorobject,forexample,abug-shapedcar.Thebugcouldalsobeaburglaralarm,fromwhichcomestheexpressiontobug,thatis,"toinstall(安装)analarm".Nowitmeansasmallpieceofequipmentthatpeopleuseforlisteningsecretlytoothers'conversation.Sincethe1840s,tobughaslongmeant"tocheat",andsincethe1940sithasbeenannoying.
Wealsoknowthebugasaflawinacomputerprogramorotherdesign.ThatmeaningdatesbacktothetimeofThomasEdison.In1878heexplainedbugsas"littleproblemsanddifficulties"thatrequiredmonthsofstudyandlabortoovercomeindevelopingasuccessfulproduct.In1889itwasrecordedthatEdison"hadbeenupthetwopreviousnightsdiscovering‘abug'inhisinventedrecordplayer."
1.WelearnfromParagraph1that______.
A.Americanshaddifficultyinlearningtousethewordbug
B.GeorgeWashingtonwasthefirstpersontocallaninsectabug
C.thewordbugwasstillpopularlyusedinEnglishinthenineteenthcentury
D.bothEnglishmanandAmericansusedthewordbugintheeighteenthcentury
2.Whatdoestheword"flaw"inthelastparagraphprobablymean?
______
A.Evolution.B.Finding.
C.Origin.D.Fault.
3."BUG"canreferredtothefollowingexcept______.
A.AmanwhoiscrazyaboutsportsB.Amanwhoinstallsanalarm
C.AninsectinnaturalworldD.Adeviceforlisteningsecretly
4.Thepassageismainlyconcernedwith______.
A.themisunderstandingofthewordbug
B.thedevelopmentofthewordbug
C.thepublicviewsofthewordbug
D.thespecialcharacteristicsofthewordbug
【答案】1.D2.D3.B4.B
【解析】
本文属于记叙文阅读,作者通过这篇文章向我们介绍了"bug"一词的演变过程,并列举了历史上著名的名人的例子帮助读者理解.
【1题详解】
细节理解题。
根据第一段"Indeed,"GeorgeWashingtonwroteinhisdiaryin1785,"somekindoffly,orbug,hadbeguntoeattheleavesbeforeIlefthome.提到乔治华盛顿在1785年用到这个词汇,而第一段最后一句话ButtheEnglishweresoontostopusingthebugsintheirlanguage英国很快就不用这个词,美国却在19和20世纪继续使用.推断出18世纪英国还在用,故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。
根据最后一段Wealsoknowthebugasaflawinacomputerprogramorotherdesign.ThatmeaningdatesbacktothetimeofThomasEdison.我们也知道错误是一个计算机程序或其他设计的一个缺陷,故这个单词用来说明电脑出现故障,故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。
根据文章第三段Thebugcouldalsobeaburglaralarm,fromwhichcomestheexpressiontobug,thatis,"toinstall(安装)analarm".Nowitmeansasmallpieceofequipmentthatpeopleuseforlisteningsecretlytoothers'conversation.Sincethe1840s,tobughaslongmeant"tocheat",andsincethe1940sithasbeenannoying.可知窃听器也可能是一种防盗报警器,从中可以表达为窃听器,即"安装一个报警器",而不是一个安装报警器的人,由此可知答案选B。
【4题详解】
主旨大意题。
通读全文可知本文主要讲述了"bug"一词的演变过程,故选B。
B
AssistantprofessorinMusicalTheatreDanceWichitaStateUniversityseeksafull-time,9-monthassistantprofessor,beginninginAugust.Applicantsarerequiredtohaveadegreeindancearea,teachingexperienceataprofessionalorcollegelevel,abilitytodirectandteachstagemovement.Thesalarydependsonqualificationsandexperience.
Forcompleteinformationvisithttp:
//finearts.wichita.edu.
FullProfessorinTheatreandDance
TheDepartmentofTheatreandDanceattheUniversityofCaliforniaatSanDiego(http:
∥www.theatre,ucsd.edu)isseekinganexperiencedtheatreartistinlightingdesign.Applicantsmustworkforusforatleastoneyear.Significantprofessionalexperienceisrequired.Thispositionisexpectedtoteachatbothgraduateandundergraduatelevels.
AreviewofapplicationswillstartonJune1st.Applicationdeadline:
September1st.
TechnicalDirectorinPerformingandFineArts
DeSalesUniversity'sPerformingandFineArtsDepartmentseeksahighlyskilled,professionaltechnicaldirector.Thepositionisa10-monthstaffpositionwiththepossibilityofsummeremploymentwiththePennsylvaniaShakespeareFestival.Professionalexperienceisrequired;MFAispreferred.
Pleaseemailmaterialstojohn.belldesales.edu.Screeningofapplicationsbeginsimmediatelyandwillcontinueuntilthepositionisfilled.
AssistantDirector-MediaResourcesCenter
MarylandInstituteCollegeofArtisseekinganassistantdirectorofMediaResourcesCenterintheAcademicAffairsDivision.
QualificationsforthepositionincludeadegreeinArtHistoryorrelatedfieldswithknowledgeofartanddesignhistory,libraryexperience,excellentinterpersonalcommunicationskillsandfamiliaritywithphotoshopandscanning.
Areviewofapplicationswillbeginimmediately;jobannouncementswillremainopenuntilthepositionisfilled.Applicantsarerequiredtoworkforusatleast11monthsandcansendemailstojobsmica.edu.Thesalarydiffersdependingonyourexperience.Pleaseincludeyourdesiredsalaryinyourapplicationletter.
5.Ifanapplicanthas9.5-monthfreetime,heorshecanpaycloseattentiontotheadof______.
A.AssistantProfessorinMusicalTheatreDance
B.FullProfessorinTheatreandDance
C.TechnicalDirectorinPerformingandFineArts
D.AssistantDirectorMediaResourcesCenter
6.Ifyouhaveexcellentinterpersonalcommunicationskills,youcanapplyto______.
A.WichitaStateUniversityB.theUniversityofCalifornia
C.MarylandInstituteCollegeofArtD.DeSalesUniversity
7.Accordingtotheadvertisements,wecanlearnthat______.
A.allthejobannouncementswillremainopenuntilthepositionsarefilled
B.allthejobsmentionedabovepromiseagoodsalary
C.allthereviewsofapplicationswillbeginimmediately
D.allthejobsmentionedinthetextrequireexperience
【答案】5.A6.C7.D
【解析】
本文是一篇应用文,介绍了四则应聘广告“AssistantprofessorinMusicalTheatreDance、FullProfessorinTheatreandDance、TechnicalDirectorinPerformingandFineArts、AssistantDirector-MediaResourcesCenter”,涉及对应聘者的具体要求等信息。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。
根据第一则招聘启事“AssistantprofessorinMusicalTheatreDanceWichitaStateUniversityseeksafull-time,9-monthassistantprofessor,beginninginAugust.”可知这则启事要招聘一位助理教授,要求有9个月的工作时间。
与题干中“Ifanapplicanthas9.5-monthfreetime”的时间要求一致。
所以选择A项
【6题详解】
推理判断题。
根据最后一则广告第二段“QualificationsforthepositionincludeadegreeinArtHistoryorrelatedfieldswithknowledgeofartanddesignhistory,libraryexperience,excellentinterpersonalcommunicationskillsandfamiliaritywithphotoshopandscanning.”可知“MarylandInstituteCollegeofArt”所提供的这一职位要求应聘者有很好的人际交流技巧。
与题干中信息一致,故C项正确。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。
根据“Thesalarydependsonqualificationsandexperience、Significantprofessionalexperienceisrequired、Professionalexperienceisrequired;MFAispreferred.、orrelatedfieldswithknowledgeofartanddesignhistory,libraryexperience,”可知四则招聘所提供的职位都要求应聘者有相关的工作经验。
故D项正确。
C
AScientistturnsouttobeabletoseethefuturebyofferingeachofsomefour-year-oldsapieceofcandyandwatchinghowheorshedealswithit.Somechildrenreacheagerlyforthetreattheysee.Somelastafewminutesbeforetheygivein.Butothersaredeterminedtowaituntilthelastmoment.
Bythetimethechildrenreachhighschool,somethingremarkablehashappened.Asurveyfoundthatthosewhoasfour-year-oldshadenoughself-controltoholdoutgenerallygrewuptobemorepopular,adventurous,confidentanddependable.Thechildrenwhogaveintotemptationearlyweremorelikelytobelonely,easilyfrustratedandinflexible.
Actually,theabilitytodelayrewardisasignofemotionalintelligencewhichdoesn'tshowuponanIQtest.
Thehardwareofthebrainandthesoftwareofthemindhavelongbeenscientists'concerns.Butbraintheorycan'texplainwhatwewonderaboutmost,likethequestionwhysomepeopleremainupbeatinthefaceoftroublesthatwouldsinkalessresistantperson.
HerecomesthetheoryofDanielGoleman,writerofEmotionalIntelligence:
whenitcomestopredictingpeople'ssuccess,brainabilitymeasuredbyIQmayactuallymatterlessthanthequalitiesofmindoncethoughtofas"character".
EQisnottheoppositeofIQ.Whatresearchershavebeentryingtounderstandishowtheyworktogether;howone'sabilitytohandlestress,forinstance,affectstheabilitytoconcentrateandputintelligencetouse.Amongtheingredientsforsuccess,researchersnowgenerallyagreethatIQaccountsforabout20%;therestdependsoneverythingfromsocialclasstoluck.
Whilemanyresearchersinthisrelativelynewfieldaregladtoseeemotionalissuesfinallytakenseriously,somefewfearEQinvitesmisuse.
8.Theexperimentwiththefour-year-oldsmakesitclearthat______.
A.theageof4isapropertimeforscientificexperiment
B.emotionalintelligencewon'tshowupuntiladolescence
C.theabilityofself-controlplaysaroleinpersonalsuccess
D.candycanbeusedtomeasureaperson'semotionalintelligence
9.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothetext?
______
A.Thehigheraperson'sEQis,thehigherhisorherIQis.
B.Thehigheraperson'sIQis,thelowerhisorherEQis.
C.Aperson'ssuccesstotallydependsonhisorherEQ.
D.ScientistshavebeentryingtodiscoverhowEQandIQworktogether.
10.Theunderlinedword"upbeat"inParagraph4probably
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