河北省定州中学高三英语下学期周练试题1.docx
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河北省定州中学高三英语下学期周练试题1.docx
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河北省定州中学高三英语下学期周练试题1
河北定州中学2016-2017学年第二学期高三英语周练试题
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一、阅读理解
Ifyoulookatthenightsky,you’lloftenseestarsmovingveryquickly.Infact,theymovemuchmorequicklythantheyshouldaccordingtotheirsizeandthelawsofphysics.
Scientistsdonotcompletelyunderstandwhythespeedofthesestarsissohigh.Butmanybelievethereasonisthatmuchoftheuniverseismadeofsomethingcalled“darkmatter”.Groupsofstarscalledgalaxies,suchastheMilkyWay,mightevenbemadeupof90percentdarkmatter.
Howmuchsomethingweighsdependsonwhereitis.ThesameobjectweighsonlyhalfasmuchonMarsasitdoesonEarthandalmostthreetimesasmuchonJupiter.Soscientistsprefertotalkaboutthemass(质量)ofsomethingratherthanhowmuchitweighs,becausemassdoesnotchange.Theycanworkoutthemassofgalaxiesbymeasuringthedistancebetweenthemandthespeedtheymoveat.
Recently,JorgePeñarrubia,asenioracademicatEdinburghUniversity,UK,andhisteamdiscoveredsomethinginteresting:
ThemassoftheMilkyWayisonlyhalfasmuchasthemassofanothernearbygalaxy,Andromeda.Thisseemsstrange,anddarkmattermayexplainwhy.
Findingoutmoreaboutdarkmattercouldhelpusunderstandhowtheuniversebegan,butthisisnoteasy.Lotsofscientistswithdifferenttypesofexpertknowledgeareworkingontheproblem.
Wecan’tseedarkmatter,it’sverydifficulttomeasureandwecan’tfindoutitsmass.Unlikestars,darkmatterdoesn’tproduceorreflectlight.Butwecanmakeagoodguessthatitistherebecauseofthewaythingsmoveandthewaylightbends.ExpertsnowthinkdarkmattermaybeverydifferentfromthematterthatwefindonEarth.Theremayalsobefivetimesasmuchdarkmatterintheuniverseasordinarymatter.
1.Somethingthatweighs15kgonEarthweighsabout_____onMarsand_____onJupiter.
A.7.5kg,45kgB.30kg,45kgC.45kg,7.5kgD.5kg,30kg
2.TheauthormentionsthemassesoftheMilkyWayandAndromedamainlyto
_____.
A.explainwhythesameobjecthasadifferentweightondifferentstars
B.comparethedistancebetweentheMilkyWayandAndromeda
C.showthatstudyingdarkmattercouldhelptoanswersomescientificquestions
D.supporttheideathatscientistsprefertotalkaboutmassinsteadofweight
3.Darkmatterisdifficulttoinvestigatebecause_____.
A.ittravelsataveryfastspeed
B.wecan’tseewhereitisormeasureitsmass
C.it’shardtomeasurethelightitproducesandreflects
D.itismuchbiggerthanordinarymatterinsize
4.Accordingtothetextdarkmatter_____.
A.couldacceleratethespeedofstars
B.couldlessenthemassofobjectsingalaxies
C.makesuptheentireuniverseanditsstars
D.mayhelpusidentifytheoriginsoftheuniverse
What'sthemostimportantthinginlife?
People'sanswersvarygreatly.ForBritishscientistRobertEdwards,theanswerishavingachild."Nothingismorespecialthanachild,"hetoldtheBBC.
Edwards,theinventoroftheInVitroFertilization(IVF)technology—morecommonlyknownas"test-tube(试管)baby"technology—passedawayonApril10,2013attheageof87.
"Edwardschangedthelivesofmillionsofordinarypeoplewhonowrejoice(高兴)inthegiftoftheirownchild,"saidPeterBraude,aprofessoratKing'sCollegeLondon."Heleavestheworldamuchbetterplace."
Edwardsstartedhisexperimentsasearlyasthe1950s,whenhehadjustfinishedhisPhDingenetics.Atthattime,muchofthepublicviewedtest-tubebabiesas"scary",accordingtoMarkSauer,aprofessoratColumbiaUniversity,US.
EdwardsandhiscolleaguePatrickSteptoefacedoppositionfromchurches,governmentsandmedia,nottomentionattacksfrommanyoftheirfellowscientists."PeoplesaidthatweshouldnotplayGodandweshouldnotinterferewithnature,"EdwardsoncetoldTimes.Hesaidthathefelt"quitealone"atthetime.
"ButEdwardswasafighter,andhebelievedinwhathewasdoing,"saidSauer.Withoutsupportfromthegovernment,thetwostruggledtoraisefundstocarryon.Andin1968theyfinallydevelopedamethodtosuccessfullyfertilizehumaneggsoutsidethebody.
Thefirsttest-tubebabywasbornonJuly25,1978.HernamewasIsLouiseBrown.Despitepeople'ssafetyconcerns,Brownwasjustashealthyasotherchildren.
"IVFhadmovedfromvisiontorealityandanewerainmedicinehadbegun,"BBCcommented.
Eversincethen,publicopinionhasevolvedconsiderably.Coupleswhowereunabletohavebabiesbeganthronging(拥向)toEdwards'clinic.Nowadays,Reutersreports,some4.3millionother"test-tube"childrenexist.EdwardsreceivedaNobelPrizein2010andwasknighted(封为爵士)byQueenElizabethinthefollowingyear.
Beforehisdeath,EdwardswasstillintouchwithLouise."Heislikeagranddadtome,"shesaidinaninterviewwiththeDailyMail.
Heisagranddadtomillions,infac
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