东大大学英语统考在线练习题20客观题.docx
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东大大学英语统考在线练习题20客观题.docx
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东大大学英语统考在线练习题20客观题
1.
AlbertEinsteinhadagreateffectonscienceandhistory,greaterthanwhatonlyafewothermenhaveachieved.AnAmericanuniversitypresidentoncecommentedthatEinsteinhadcreatedanewoutlook,anewviewoftheuniverse.Itmaybesometimebeforetheaveragemindunderstandsfullytheidentityoftimeandspaceandsoon---butevenordinarymenunderstandnowthattheuniverseissomethinglargerthaneverbefore.
By1994theyoungEinsteinhadgainedworldfame.HeacceptedtheoffertobecomeaprofessoratthePrussianAcademyofScienceinBerlin.Hehadfewduties,littleteachingandunlimitedopportunitiesforstudy,butsoonhispeaceandquietwerebrokenbytheFirstWorldWar.Einsteinhatedviolence.Themiseryofwaraffectedhimdeeply,andhesatunhappilyinhisofficedoinglittle.Helostinterestinhisresearch.Onlywhenpeacecamein1918washeabletogetbacktowork.
IntheyearsfollowingWorldWarIhonorswereincreasinglyheapedonhim.HebecametheheadoftheKaiserWhihemInstituteofTheoreticalPhysics.In1921hewontheNobelPrize,andhewashonoredinGermanyuntiltheriseofNazismwhenhewasdrivenfromGermanybecausehewasaJew.
1). ThemainideaofParagraph1is______.
A.
thetimewhenpeopleknowEinstein
B.
thefeelingofanAmericancollegepresident
C.
thechangeinhumanthoughtproducedbyEinstein
D.
thedifficultyfacingteachersinunderstandingEinstein’sthought
正确答案:
C 满分:
2 分
2). AccordingtotheAmericanuniversitypresident,______.
A.
everyoneunderstandsEinstein’stheorytoday
B.
Einsteinachievedmorethananyotherscientistsinhistory
C.
thetheoryofrelativitycanbequicklylearnedbyeveryone
D.
ourideasabouttheuniversearedifferenttodaybecauseofEinstein
正确答案:
D 满分:
2 分
3). AccordingtoParagraph2,AlbertEinstein_______.
A.
wasafamouschemist
B.
headedaresearchinstitute
C.
wasfamousintheworld
D.
enjoyedreadingaboutwar
正确答案:
C 满分:
2 分
4). Accordingtothepassage,Einsteindidhisgreatestwork_______.
A.
duringWorldWarI
B.
whenhewasyoung
C.
whenNazismrose
D.
between1906and1915
正确答案:
B 满分:
2 分
5). Itmaybeconcludedthat______.
A.
AlbertEinsteinwasforcedtoserveintheGermanarmy
B.
AlbertEinsteinhadnootherinterestsbesidesscience
C.
Germansusuallyhaveahighrespectforscience
D.
hisreputationwasruinedbecauseofhisworkduringWorldWarI
正确答案:
C 满分:
2 分
2.
Adreamisonekindofexperience.Itseemsasrealassomethingthatactuallyhappens;initthedreamertakesactionsandreacts.Duringdreamsthebodyisasleepbutthethinkingpartofthebrainiswideawake.Infact,itismoreactivethanitsometimesiswhenthebodyisawake.
Onegroupofresearchersdecidedtoseewhatwouldhappeniftheystoppedpeoplefromdreaming.Assoonastheelectroencephalograph(脑电图仪)registeredadreampattern,researcherswokethedreamer.Theydidthisallnightforseveralnights,everytimethepersonstartedtodream.
Theexperimentrevealedthatpeoplewhowereunabletodreambecamenervous,easilyupset,andhungrier.Assoonastheywereabletosleepwithoutinterruptionstheylosttheirnervousnessandbecamenormalagain;however,theythenhadmoredreamsthanusual.Itwasasiftheywerecatchingupontheirdreams.
Tocheckthesefindings,theresearcherscarriedonacontrolexperiment.Againtheywokepeopleduringthenight,butduringnon-dreamingperiods.Thesepeopledidnotchangetheirdaytimebehavior.Andwhentheywereallowedtosleepwithoutinterruptions(打断),thenumberoftheirdreamsdidnotincrease.
Experimentslikethesehavecausedscientiststoaskifdreamsserveapurpose.Researchersknow,forexample,thatsomepeoplewhogofordayswithoutsleepwillsufferfromhallucinations(幻觉).Certainpeopleevenbegintoshowsignsofmentalillness.Someresearchersbelievethatpeoplebecomethiswaybecausetheycannothavetheirusualnumbersofdreams.Accordingtothistheorydreaminghelpspeopletoleadnormallives.
1). Thispassageismainlyabout________.
A.
people’sneedfordreams
B.thedamagedreamsdotopeople’shealth
C.dreamsandrealities
D.therelationshipbetweendreamsanddiseases
正确答案:
A 满分:
2 分
2). Accordingtothepassage,dreams________.
A.areconsideredtobepeople’srealexperiences
B.
helpcurepeopleofnervousnessandmentalillness
C.happeninthethinkingpartofthebrain
D.cannotgoonasbeforeafterthedreameriswoken
正确答案:
C 满分:
2 分
3). PeoplewhosleptwithinterrupteddreamsshowedsignsofthefollowingsufferingsEXCEPT________.
A.nervousness
B.
anxiety
C.hunger
D.sleepiness
正确答案:
D 满分:
2 分
4). Whenpeoplewerewokenduringnon-dreamingperiods,they________.
A.sufferedfromhallucinations
B.
feltupsetandnervous
C.hadmoredreamsthanusual
D.remainednormalintheirdaytimebehavior
正确答案:
D 满分:
2 分
5). Thesentence“Itwasasiftheywerecatchingupontheirdreams”inPara.3probablymeans________.
A.theyseemedtodoastheirdreamsdadtoldthemto
B.
theyseemedtomakeupforthelossesofdreams
C.theyseemedtodreamlessbecauseoftheinterruptions
D.theyseemedtosleepmoreaftertheinterruptions
正确答案:
B 满分:
2 分
3.
Soldiersandothermilitarypeoplewearuniformswithvariousothersymbolstoindicatetheirstatus.Butinthebusinessworldeveryonewearsmoreorlesssimilarsuits,andyoucannottellataglancewhorankshigherorlowerthananother.Sohowdopeopleinthebusinessworldshowtheirsuperiority?
Anattempttostudythiswasmadebytworesearchersusingaseriesofsilentfilms.Theyhadtwoactorsplaythepartsofanexecutive(经理)andavisitor,andswitchroleseachtime.Thescenehadonemanathisdeskplayingthepartofanexecutive,whiletheother,playingthepartofavisitor,knocksatthedoor,opensitandapproachesthedesktodiscusssomebusinessmatter.Theaudiencewatchingthefilmswasaskedtoratetheexecutiveandthevisitorintermsofstatus.Acertainsetofrulesaboutstatusbegantoemergefromtheratings.Thevisitorshowedtheleastamountofstatuswhenhestoppedjustinsidethedoortotalkacrosstheroomtotheseatedman.Hewasconsideredtohavemorestatuswhenhewalkedhalfwayuptothedesk,andhehadthemoststatuswhenhewalkeddirectlyuptothedeskandstoodrightinfrontoftheseatedexecutive.
Anotherthingthataffectedthestatusofthevisitorintheeyesoftheobserverswasthetimebetweenknockingandentering.Fortheseatedexecutive,hisstatuswasalsoaffectedbythetimebetweenhearingtheknockandanswering.Thequickerthevisitorenteredtheroom,themorestatushehad.Thelongertheexecutivetooktoanswer,themorestatushehad.
1). Theexperimentdesignedbythetworesearchersaimedatfindingout________.
A.
howbusinessisconductedbyanexecutiveandavisitor
B.howtotellthedifferencesbetweenanexecutiveandavisitor
C.howtotellbusinessmenataglance
D. howbusinessmenindicatestatus
正确答案:
D 满分:
2 分
2). Whichofthestatementscanbestsumupthepassage?
A.
Theexecutivehasahigherstatusthanthevisitor.
B.Militarypeoplewearuniformsbutthebusinessmendonot.
C.Astudyrevealingasetofrulesaboutthestatusofbusinessmen.
D.Itisagoodmethodtouseaseriesofsilentfilminresearch.
正确答案:
A 满分:
2 分
3). Havingenteredtheroom,thecloserthevisitorapproachestheexecutive,_________.
A.
thelessitaffectedhisstatus
B.thelowerhisstatus
C.themoreitaffectedhisstatus
D.thehigherhisstatus
正确答案:
B 满分:
2 分
4). Thelongertheseatedmanwasinansweringtheknock,_________.
A.
thehigherhisstatus
B.thelessitaffectedhisstatus
C.thelowerhisstatus
D.themoreitaffectedhisstatus
正确答案:
B 满分:
2 分
5). WhichstatementisNOTtrue?
A.
Soldierswearuniformswithvarioussymbolssothatonecantelltheirstatusataglance.
B. Intheexperiment,oneactorplayedtheexecutivewhiletheotherplayedtheseatedman.
C. Businesspeoplewearsimilarsuits.
D.Theaudiencewatchingthefilmratedtheexecutiveandthevisitorintermsofstatus.
正确答案:
D 满分:
2 分
4.
Brazilhasbecomeoneofthedevelopingworld’sgreatestsuccessesatreducingpopulationgrowth-butmorebyaccidentthandesign.WhilecountriessuchasIndiahavemadejointeffortstoreducebirthrates,Brazilhashadbetterresultwithoutreallytrying,saysGeorgeMartineatHarvard.
Brazil’spopulationgrowthratehasdroppedfrom2.99%ayearbetween1951and1960to1.93%ayearbetween1981and1990,andBrazilianwomennowhaveonly2.7childrenonaverage.Martinesaysthisfiguremayhavefallenstillfurthersince1990,anachievementthatmakesittheenvyofmanyotherThirdWorldcountries.
Martineputsitdownto,amongotherthings,soapoperas(通俗电视连续剧)andinstallment(分期付款)plansintroducedinthe1970s.Bothplayedanimportant,althoughindirect,roleinloweringthebirthrate.Brazilisoneoftheworld’sbiggestproducersofsoapoperas.Globo,Brazil’smostpopulartelevisionn
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