学年湖南省娄底市高二下学期期末考试英语试题解析版+听力.docx
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学年湖南省娄底市高二下学期期末考试英语试题解析版+听力.docx
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学年湖南省娄底市高二下学期期末考试英语试题解析版+听力
绝密★启用前
湖南省娄底市2017-2018学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
评卷人
得分
一、阅读理解
It’s2035.Youhaveajob,afamilyandyou’reabout40yearsold!
Welcometoyourfuturelife.
Gettingreadyforwork,youpauseinfrontofthemirror.
“Turnred,”yousay.Yourshirtchangesfromskybluetodeepred.Tinypreprogrammedelectronics(智能电子元件)arere-arrangedinyourshirttochangeitscolor.Lookingintothemirror,youfindithardtobelieveyou’re40.Youlookmuchyounger.
Withamazingadvancesinmedicine,peopleinyourgenerationmaylivetobe150yearsold.You’renotevenmiddle-aged!
Asyougointothekitchenandpreparetopouryourbreakfastcerealintoabowl,youhear,“Toloseweight,youshouldn’teatthat.”fromyourshoes.Theyreadthetinyelectroniccodeonthecerealboxtofindoutthenutritiondetails.Youdecidetolistentoyourshoes.“Kitchen,whatcanIhaveforbreakfast?
”Alistofpossiblefoodsappearsonthecounterasthekitchenchecksitsfoodsupplies.
“Readyforyourtriptospace?
”youaskyoursonanddaughter.In2005onlyspeciallytrainedastronautswentintospaceandveryfewofthem.Todayanyonecangotospacefordaytripsorlongervacations.Yourbestfriendevenworksinspace.Handingyourchildrenthreestrawberrieseach,youadd,“Thedoctorsaidyouneedtheseforspacetravel.”Thankstomedicaladvances,vaccinationshots(防疫针)areathingofthepast.Ordinaryfoodscontainspecificvaccines.Withthestrawberriesintheirmouths,thekidsheadforthefrontdoor.
It’stimeforyoutogotowork.Yourcarchecksyourfingerprintsandunlocksthedoors.“Myoffice,Autopilot,”youcommand.Yourcardrivesitselfdowntheroadandmovessmoothlyintotrafficonthehighway.Yousitbackandunrollyoure-newspaper.Thelatestnewsdownloadsandfillstheviewer.Lookingthroughthepages,youwatchthenewsasvideofilmratherthanreadit.
1.Whatchangesthecolorofyourshirt?
A.Themirror.B.Themedicine.C.Thecounter.D.Theshirtitself.
2.Howdotheshoesknowthatyoushouldn’teatthebreakfastcereal?
A.Bypouringthebreakfastintoabowl.B.Bycheckingthenutritiondetailsofthefood.
C.Bytestingthefoodsuppliesinthekitchen.D.Bylisteningtothedoctor’sadvice.
3.Thestrawberriesthechildreneatserveas_______.
A.vaccinesB.lunchC.breakfastD.nutrition
【答案】
1.D
2.B
3.A
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇应用文。
本文主要讲人们在未来2035年的生活方式。
所有的东西都是智能的,衣服的颜色可以自己变化,鞋子会说话,由于医学的发达,人类可以活到150岁,热情不用打针,吃的食物里面就含有了特殊的维他命,而且每个人都可以去太空旅行。
1.细节理解题。
由文中第三段的Tinypreprogrammedelectronics(智能电子元件)arere-arrangedinyourshirttochangeitscolor.可知,衬衣里的智能元件可以改变颜色,所以是衬衣自己改变了颜色,故D选项正确。
2.细节理解题。
由文中第四段的Theyreadthetinyelectroniccodeonthecerealboxtofindoutthenutritiondetails.可知,鞋子是根据谷物中的电子码来弄清楚营养成分的,从而判断应不应该食用。
故B选项正确。
3.细节理解题。
由文中倒数第二段的Handingyourchildrenthreestrawberrieseach,Thankstomedicaladvances,vaccinationshots(防疫针)areathingofthepast.Ordinaryfoodscontainspecificvaccines.可知,草莓中就含有特殊的疫苗,所以人们不用再打防疫针。
A选项正确。
【点睛】
本文细节题居多,答题时在文章找到对应的地方,用笔进行标记,这有利于后期有时间检查时可以立刻找到答案的位置。
仔细理解作者所讲的意思,再结合选项,通过排除法和自己对全文的把握,选出正确答案。
例如本文的第1小题,根据关键词thecolorofshirt可把答案定位在第三段,第三段的第二句就提到了衬衣里的智能电子元件改变了颜色。
所以D选项正确。
同样第2小题,根据题干内容,答案可定位在第四段,在鞋子说不应该吃这么多的后一句就给出了不应该吃的原因,所以B选项正确。
Myfatherwasaforemanofasugar-caneplantationinRioPiedras,PuertoRico.Myfirstjobwastodrivetheoxenthatploughedthecanefields.Iwouldwalkbehindanox,guidinghimwithabroomstick.For$1aday,Iworkedeighthoursstraight,withnofoodbreaks.
Itwasverytediouswork,butitpreparedmeforlifeandtaughtmemanylastinglessons.Becausetheplantationownerswerealwayswatchingus,IhadtobeontimeeverydayandworkashardasIcould.I’veneverbeenlateforanyjobsince.Ialsolearnedaboutbeingrespectfulandfaithfultothepeopleyouworkfor.Moreimportantly,Iearnedmypay;itneverenteredmymindtosayIwassickjustbecauseIdidn’twanttowork.
Iwasonlysixyearsold,butIwasdoingaman’sjob.Ourfamilyneededeverydollarwecouldmakebecausemyfatherneverearnedmorethan$18aweek.Ourhomewasathree-roomedwoodshackwithadirtyfloorandnotoilet.Nothingmademeprouderthanbringinghomemoneytohelpmymother,father,twobrothersandthreesisters.Thisgavemeself-esteem(自尊心),oneofthemostimportantthingsapersoncanhave.
WhenIwasseven,Igotworkatagolfcoursenearourhouse.Myjobwastostanddownthefairwayandspottheballsastheylanded,sothegolferscouldfindthem.Losingaballmeantyouwerefired,soInevermissedone.SomenightsIwouldlieinbedanddreamtofmakingthousandsofdollarsbyplayinggolfandbeingabletobuyabicycle.
ThemoreIdreamt,themoreIthought.Whynot?
Imademyfirstgolfcluboutofguavalimb(番石榴树枝)andapieceofpipe.ThenIhammeredanemptytincanintotheshapeofaball.AndfinallyIdugtwosmallholesinthegroundandhittheballbackandforth.Ipracticedwiththesamedevotionandintensity.Ilearnedworkinginthefield—exceptnowIwasdrivinggolfballswithaclub,notoxenwithabroomstick.
4.Thewriter’sfirstjobwas_______.
A.tostanddownthefairwayatagolfcourse
B.towatchoverthesugar-caneplantation
C.todrivetheoxenthatploughedthecanefields
D.tospottheballsastheylandedsothegolferscouldfindthem
5.Theunderlinedword“tedious”inParagraph2mostprobablymeans_______.
A.difficultB.unusualC.interestingD.boring
6.Thewriterlearnedthat_______fromhisfirstjob.
A.heshouldworkforthosewhohelikedmost
B.heshouldberespectfulandfaithfultothepeopleheworkedfor
C.heshouldneverfailtosayhellotohisowner
D.heshouldworklongerthanwhathewasexpected
7.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?
A.Thewriterwantedtobeasuccessfulgolfer.
B.Thewriterwantedtorunagolfcoursenearhishouse.
C.Thewriterwassatisfiedwiththejobhegotonaplantation.
D.Thewriterwantedtomakemoneybyguidingoxenwithabroomstick.
【答案】
4.C
5.D
6.B
7.A
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。
本文主要介绍作者的父亲是一名里约种植园的工头。
作者的第一份工作是在甘蔗地里赶牛耕地。
虽然工作乏味单调,但是他学会了坚持、尊重人、待人诚恳和有自尊心。
作者因在七岁时去了高尔夫球场做球童,而萌发了当成功的高尔夫球手的梦想。
作者通过不断的努力,最终成功了,所以他在握住的是高尔夫球杆而不是赶牛的扫帚柄。
4.细节理解题。
由文中第一段的第二句Myfirstjobwastodrivetheoxenthatploughedthecanefields.可知,作者的第一份工作是在甘蔗地里赶牛耕地,故C选项正确。
5.词义猜测题。
作者的工作是跟在耕牛后用扫帚把赶牛。
所以应该不难,也是很普通的工作,但是持续时间长而且中途不能休息即使吃饭也不可以。
因此可知这份工作很枯燥。
A.difficult困难的;B.unusual不同寻常的;C.interesting有趣的;D.boring枯燥的。
故D选项正确。
6.细节理解题。
由第二段中“Ialsolearnedaboutbeingrespectfulandfaithfultothepeopleyouworkfor.”可知作者从他的第一份工作学会了对他的雇主要恭敬和诚实守信。
B选项正确。
7.推理判断题。
根据文中倒数第二段的SomenightsIwouldlieinbedanddreamtofmakingthousandsofdollarsbyplayinggolfandbeingabletobuyabicycle.可知,作者很想成为一名成功的高尔夫球者。
故A选项正确。
Achildwhohasoncebeenpleasedwithatalelikes,asarule,tohaveitretoldinalmostthesamewords,butthisshouldnotleadparentstotreatprintedfairystoriesasformaltexts.Itisalwaysmuchbettertotellastorythanreaditoutofabook,and,ifaparentcanproducewhat,intheactualsituationofthetimeandthechild,isanimprovementontheprintedtext,somuchthebetter.
Achargemadeagainstfairytalesisthattheyharmthechildbyfrighteninghimormakinghimsadthinking.Toprovethelatter,onewouldhavetoshowinacontrolledexperimentthatchildrenwhohavereadfairystoriesweremoreoftensorryforcrueltythanthosewhohadnot.Astofears,thereare,Ithink,somecasesofchildrenbeingdangerouslyterrifiedbysomefairystory.Often,however,thisarises(出现)fromthechildhavingheardthestoryonce.Familiaritywiththestorybyrepetitionturnsthepainoffearintothepleasureofafearfacedandmastered.
Therearealsopeoplewhoobjecttofairystoriesonthegroundsthattheyarenotobjectivelytrue,thatgiants,witches,two-headeddragons,magiccarpets,etc.donotexist;andthat,insteadofbeingfondofthestrangesideinfairytales,thechildshouldbetaughttolearntherealitybystudyinghistory.Ifindsuchpeople,Imustsay,sopeculiar(奇怪的)thatIdonotknowhowtoarguewiththem.Iftheircaseweresound,theworldshouldbefullofmadmenattemptingtoflyfromNewYorktoPhiladelphiaonastickorcoveringatelephonewithkissesinthebeliefthatitwastheirbelovedgirlfriend.
Nofairystoryeverdeclaredtobeadescriptionoftherealworldandnocleverchildhaseverbelievedthatitwas.
8.Theauthorconsidersthatafairystoryismoreeffectivewhen_______.
A.itisrepeatedwithoutanychangeB.itistreatedasajoke
C.somechangesaremadetoitbyaparentD.itissetinthepresent
9.Accordingtothepassage,greatfearcantakeplaceinachildwhenthestoryis_______.
A.inarealisticsettingB.toldinadifferentway
C.repeatedtoooftenD.heardforthefirsttime
10.Theadvantageclaimed(提出)forrepeatingfairystoriestoyoungchildrenisthatit_______.
A.developstheirpowerofmemory
B.makesthemlessfearful
C.makesthembelievethereisnothingtobeafraidof
D.encouragesthemnottohavestrangebeliefs
11.Oneofthereasonswhysomepeoplearenotinfavoroffairytalesisthat_______.
A.theyarefullofimagination
B.theymaketeachersofhistorydifficulttoteach
C.theyarenotinteresting
D.theyarejustmadeupofthestorieswhicharefarfromthetruth
【答案】
8.C
9.D
10.B
11.D
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇议论文。
本文主要讲了对于孩子们阅读童话故事存在一些争议。
有些人认为童话故事的恐惧伤害了孩子,也有人认为童话故事不客观真实,脱离了现实。
8.细节理解题。
由第一段的“Itisalwaysmuchbettertotellastorythanreaditoutofabook,and,ifaparentcanproducewhat,intheactualsituationofthetimeandthechild,isanimprovementontheprintedtext,somuchthebetter.”可知,作者认为如果父母讲神话故事结合小孩所在的真实时间情况,而不仅仅是从故事书上读故事,效果更好。
故C选项正确
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