电气工程及自动化专业外文翻译--无人值班变电站与变电站自动化文档格式.doc
- 文档编号:13061785
- 上传时间:2022-10-04
- 格式:DOC
- 页数:22
- 大小:64.50KB
电气工程及自动化专业外文翻译--无人值班变电站与变电站自动化文档格式.doc
《电气工程及自动化专业外文翻译--无人值班变电站与变电站自动化文档格式.doc》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《电气工程及自动化专业外文翻译--无人值班变电站与变电站自动化文档格式.doc(22页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
@#@Unattendedsubstationandsubstationautomation@#@Thedevelopmentofautomaticreclosingmadetheunattendedsubstationpractical.Automaticoperation,withoutthecontinuouspresenceofanattendant(operator),wasfirsttriedonthesynchronousconvertersubstationssupplyinganinterurbanelectricrailwayin1914.Intheearly1920s,thedevelopmentofautomaticreclosing,protectiverelays,andmeansforautomaticcontrolofvoltagemadeitpossibleforacsubstationstobecompletelyautomatic.Duringtheperiodwhenthesubstationshadtobecontrolledmanually,itwasnecessarythattheyhandleenoughpowertojustifytheoperator`swages.Thisdictatedlargestations,frequentlyservinglargeareasbymeansofmanyfeeders.Thefeedersthatservedthemoredistantpartsofanareahadtogoalongwaybeforetheypickedupanyload.Furthermore,astheloadonalargesubstationgrows,transformercapacityhastobeadded.Thisincreasestheshort-circuitcurrentonthesecondarysidesometimestheshort-circuitcapacityexceedstheinterruptingcapacityofthecircuitbreakersalreadyinstalled.Appropriateremediesincludebussectionalizing,theinstallationofreactorsorsomecombinationofthetwo.Suchmeasuresarefrequentlyexpensiveandinconvenientandtheyconstituteanundesirablelimitationonoperatingflexibility.@#@Oncetheunattendedsubstationbecameareality,thesubstationcouldbemadesmaller.Locatednearertheload,andlongfeederswerenolongernecessary.Thisnewmethodofdistributionhadbecomeavailablesinceloadgrowthcouldnowbeaccommodatedbyinstallinganothersubstationthatcouldcarrypartsofthearealoadsformerlycarriedbyadjacentsubstations.Usually,thereisnointerconnectionbetweenthecircuitsenergizedbythevarioussubstations.Consequently,thereisnoincreaseinshort-circuitseverity.however,atthedistributionlevel,tieswitchesareusedtoswitchfeedersorfeedersectionsbetweentransformersinthesamestationortoadjacentsubstationsforsubstationtransformerloadmanagement.@#@Automaticcontrolhasbeenappliedtolargerandlargersubstations,andtomanyhydroelectricgeneratingstations.Itisalsousedonindividualcircuitsandequipmentinmanyattendedstations.Forexample,eveninmanystationswhereanoperatorisonduty,outgoingoverheadfeedersarecontrolledbyautomaticreclosingrelays.Undersomecircumstances,itmaybeimpracticaltomakeastationcompletelyautomatic.Thesecircumstancescouldexistbecauseoftechnical,economic,orsafetyconsiderations.Astationneednotbeattendedeventhoughitisnotfullyautomatic,itispossibletocontrolastationfromanotherlocation,suchasalargerattendedstationorthesystemoperatingoffice.Thiscanbedonebymeansofsupervisorycontrol(aformofremotecontrol).@#@BymeansofaSCADAsystem,anoperatoratadispatchcentercancauseoperationssuchastheopeningandclosingofbreakers,thestartingandstoppingofcondensers,andthechangingofthetapsontransformerswithloadtapchanger.Theoperatorcanreceiveanindicationthattheoperationhasbeencompleted.Allofthiscanbedoneoveravoice-gradecommunicationchannel.Itistheuseofvoice-grade,two-waycommunicationchannelsthatdistinguishessupervisorycontrolfromdirect-wireremotecontrol;@#@Thelatterrequiresonedirect-wirecircuitforeachcontrolfromdirect-wireremotecontrol;@#@Thelatterrequiresonedirect-wirecircuitforeachcontrolleddevice.SCADAequipmentsupplementsautomaticcontrol.Alloftheprotectiverelaysandmostofthecontrolrelaysrequiredforautomaticcontrolarealsonecessarywhensupervisorycontrolisused.Onlytheinitiatingdevicesmaybedifferentoromitted.Forexampleafullyautomaticsynchronouscondenserisstartedandstoppedbyaninitiatingdeviceresponsivetovoltageorcurrentorboth.Inaddition,therearemanyprotectiveandcontrolrelays.Ifthecondenseristobecontrolledbysupervisorycontrol,alltheotherdevicesarestillnecessary,andonlytheinitiatingdevicescanbeomitted.@#@Withtherecentrevolutioninmicroelectronicperformanceandcosts,digitalautomationsystemsarenowbeingdevelopedforpowersystems.Theseautomationsystemsprovideanintegratedsystemsconceptforprotection,control,andmonitoringfunctions.Theapproachutilizesdistributedmicroprocessor-basedmoduleslocatedwithinthesubstationsandortonthetransmissionanddistributionsystem.Thisprovidesprotectionandcontroldecisionsoutonthesystemwherethedataislocated.Byautomatictransmissionanddistributionsystems,majorbenefitswillbeobtained.Thereincludegreaterutilizationofexistingfacilities,reductionofcommunicationrequirements,deferralofmajorsysteminvestments,optimizedoperationsandmaintenance,improvedsystemreliability,moreefficient-systemoperationthroughlowerlossesan
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 电气工程 自动化 专业 外文 翻译 无人 值班 变电站