高三总复习名词性从句文档格式.docx
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高三总复习名词性从句文档格式.docx
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常引导主语从句的连接词有从属连词:
that,whether/if;
连接代词:
what,who,whom,which,whose,whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever;
连接副词:
when,where,why,how等。
1.that引导的主语从句
that只起连接作用,无词义,在从句中不作成分,一般不能省略。
如:
Thathewillcomeandhelpusiscertain.
Thatpneumoniaisacommondiseaseisknowntoall.
2.whether/if引导的主语从句
whether引导的主语从句既可放在句首也可放在句尾,但if引导的主语从句只能放在句尾,前面需用it作形式主语。
whether/if只起连接作用,译成“是否”,在从句中不作成分。
Whetheritistrueremainsaquestion.(不能用if)
Itisdoubtfulwhether/ifthemanagerknewthedetailsoftheplan.
3.wh-类连接词引导的主语从句
wh-类连接词除起连接作用外,还在从句中作成分。
连接代词主要作主语、宾语、表语、定语等;
连接副词在从句中作状语。
Whatyouaredoingisverydifficult.
Whoeverbreaksthelawshouldbepunished.
Whowilldothejobhasnotbeendecided.
Whenweshallhaveoursportsmeetisstillaquestion.
4.It+谓语+主语从句
有时主语从句放在句首,句子显得笨重,常把主语从句移到句末,用it作形式主语。
常用的句型有以下四种:
(1)It+系动词+形容词+that/wh-从句
常用于这种句型的形容词有:
good,important,likely,unlikely,possible,clear,necessary,true,wrong,natural,strange。
Itislikelythattherewillbeasnowstormtomorrow.
Itiscertainthatyoursonwilldowellinhisexam.
ItisveryimportantthatwemustmasterEnglishwordsasmanyaspossible.
(2)It+系动词+名词+that/wh-从句
常用于这种句型的名词有:
afact,agoodidea,anhonor,amystery,aquestion,apity,ashame,apleasure,nowonder,commonknowledge。
Itisapitythatyoudidn’tattendthelectureyesterday.
Itiscommonknowledgethatthewhaleisnotafish.
Itisacompletemysteryhowtheprisonerescaped.
(3)It+系动词+过去分词+that/wh-从句
常用于这种句型的分词有:
known,proved,said,reported,decided,suggested,advised,ordered,remembered,thought,considered,wellknown,hoped,turnedout,pointedout。
Itissaidthattheprofessorhasalreadysucceededincarryingoutthisexperiment.
Itisknowntoallthattheearthisround.
Itmustbekeptinmindthattheoryiscombinedwithpractice.
(4)It+不及物动词+that/wh-从句
常用于这种句型的动词有:
appear(似乎;
好像),happen,occur,(发生;
想起来)seem(看起来似乎;
好像)。
Itseemstomethatyouobjecttotheplan.
IthappenedthatIwasnottherethatday.
Itsuddenlyoccurredtohimthatthekeysmightbeleftinthecar.
注意:
以上四种句型中前三种在表示建议、要求、命令、愿望、责任、义务时,从句谓语动词常用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略,翻译成“应该”,如表示的是过去的动作,要用“should+have+过去分词”形式。
如果表示对现在事物的惊奇、遗憾、惋惜时也常用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略,翻译成“竟然;
居然”。
Itisadvisablethatshe(should)takeacoupleofdaysofrest.
Itissuggestedthateachstudent(should)singasonginEnglish.
Itisstrangethatheshouldsayso.
Itisagreatpitythatyoushouldthinkso.
ItisnosurprisethatCarlshouldhavewonthegame.
5.主语从句应注意的几个问题
(1)that引导的主语从句既可放在句首,也可放在句尾,但在下列情况下that从句不可提前。
在Itissaid/reported/believed/hopedthat…的结构中。
Itisreportedthatabankwasrobbedyesterday.
=Abankisreportedtohavebeenrobbedyesterday.
在It+不及物动词+that的结构中。
Ithappenedthattheteacherwasnotintheofficethatday.
含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时。
Isittruethatyouwillgiveupthejob?
(2)下面这种情况常用it作形式主语。
在Itdoesn’tmatter+what/whether/if/how…结构中。
Itdoesn’tmatterwhatyousay.
Doesitmatterifanengineerisamanorawoman?
(3)由what引导的主语从句谓语动词单复数问题
what引导的主语从句一般按单数对待,但是,在实际使用中究竟按单数还是按复数对待取决于其成分的含义。
Whatweneedismoretime.
WhatIwantyoutolearnnowistoremembermorewords.
Whatwereleftbehindwerefiveemptybottles.
主语从句分段练习题
1.____fashiondiffersfromcountrytocountrymayreflecttheculturaldifferencesfromoneaspect.
A.WhatB.ThatC.ThisD.Which
2.____the29thOlympicGameswereheldinBeijingisknown.
A./B.WheneverC.WhatD.That
3.Thispaintingissplendid,but____weactuallyneeditisadifferentmatter.
A.thatB.whatC.whetherD.how
4.____hisdreamofgoingtocollegewillcometrueisuncertain.
A.ThatB.WhetherC.IfD.Evenif
5.____wasmostimportanttoher,shetoldme,washerfamily.
A.ItB.ThisC.WhatD.As
6.____mattersmostinlearningEnglishisenoughpractice.
A.WhatB.WhyC.WhereD.Which
7.____wantstostayinahotelhastopaytheirownway.
A.AnyoneB.TheoneC.WhoeverD.Who
8.Itisnoneofyourbusiness____otherpeoplethinkaboutyou.Believeyourself.
A.howB.whatC.whichD.when
9.____seemedobvioustoeveryonepresentatthemeeting____Tomwasworried.
A.That;
thatB.It;
thatC.That;
whatD.It;
what
10.Itisashame____welostthatexpensivecar.
A.thatB.whenC.asD.if
11.TheForeignMinistrysaid,“____ourhopethatthetwosideswillworktowardspeace.”
A.ThisisB.ThereisC.ThatisD.Itis
12.Itisyourownfault____youaresotired.Yououghtn’ttohavestayedupsolate.
A.whenB.howC.whereD.why
13.Itisknown____oneandonemakestwoiscorrect.
A.that
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