高二英语下学期第一次月考试题Word文档下载推荐.docx
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高二英语下学期第一次月考试题Word文档下载推荐.docx
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Moneyistherootofallevilandnewstudyclaimstheremaybesometruthbehindthesaying.Scientistsatthe
UniversityofCalifornia.Berkeley,US,announcedonFebruary27thatrichpeoplearemorelikelytodounethical(不道德的)things.suchaslieorcheat,thanpoorerpeople.
Thescientistsdidaseriesofeightexperiments.TheypublishedtheirfindingsonlineintheProceedingsof
the
NationalAcademyofSciences(PNAS,《美国国家科学院院刊》).
TheycarriedoutthefirsttwoexperimentsfromthesidewalknearBerkeley.Theynotedthatdriversofnewerandmoreexpensivecarsweremorelikelytocutoffothercarsandpedestriansatcrosswalks.Nearly45percentofpeopledrivingexpensivecarsignoredapeaestriancomparedwithonly30percentofpeopledrivingmoremodest
(不豪华的)cars.
Inanotherexperiment,agroupofcollegestudentswasaskediftheywoulddounethicalthingsinvariouseverydaysituations.Examplesincludedtakingprinterpaperfromworkandnottellingasalespersonwhenheorshegavebackmorechange.Studentsfromhigher-classfamiliesweremorelikelytoactdishonestly.
Accordingtothescientists,richpeopleoftenthinkmoneycallgetthemoutoftrouble.Thismakesthemlessafraidtotakerisks.Italsomeanstheycarelessaboutotherpeople’sfeelings.
Finally,itsimplymakesthemgreedier.“Higherwealthstatusseemstomakeyouwantevenmore,andthatincreasedwantleadsyoutobendtherulesorbreaktherulestoserveyourself-interest,’’saidPaulPiif,leadscientistofthestudy.
Piffpointedoutthatthefindingsdon’tmeanthatallrichpeopleareuntrustworthy(不能信赖的)orallpoorpeoplehonest.Hesaidtheexperimentsweretoshowhowpeoplelivingindifferentsocialsituationsexpresstheirinstinctsandvaluesindifferentways.
1.Bysaying“moneyistherootofallevil”,theauthorwantsto_____
.
A.drawreaders’attentiontotheresearch
B.1inkwealthwithbadbehavior
C.showhowthesayingprovesthefindingsD.defendrichpeoplewhodounethicalthings
2.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheexperimentsthescientistsdid,accordingtothescientistquoted?
A.Mostwealthypeoplearenottrustworthy.
B.Thefindingswerenotpersuasiveenoughandthescientistswilldofurtherexperiments.
C.Driversofmoreexpensivecarsaremorelikelytobreaktrafficrules.
D.Studentsfrompoorerfamiliesarenotashonestasstudentsfromricherfamilies.
3.Whatmakesrichpeopleunethicalaccordingtothescientists?
a.theybecomemoreselfish
b.theyhavemoredesires
c.theybelievemoneytalks
d.theywelcomerisks
A.ab
B.abd
C.bc
D.abc
4.Whydidthescientistsdotheexperiments?
A.Toshowhowsocialstatusaffectspeople'
sethics.
B.Toshowpeople’sinstinctsandvaluesindifferentways.
C.Totestwhetherthesaying“moneyistherootofallevil”istrue.
D.Toshowthedifferencebetweenhigher-classpeopleandlower-classpeople.
5.Whatdoesthearticlereallywanttoshowus?
A.Moneyistherootofallevil.
B.Thericharemorelikelytoactbadly.
C.Thesayingisreasonable.
D.Allrichpeopleareuntrustworthy.
B
ItisoneofthemostannoyingwordsintheEnglishlanguageanditseemsthereisnoescapingit.Theword“huh?
”isinworldwideuse,astudyfound.
ResearchersdiscoveredthatlanguagesspokenincountriesfromGhanaandLaostoIcelandandItalyallinclude‘‘huh?
”,orsomethingthatsoundsverylikeit.Theysaidthatwhilethestudymaysoundsilly,thewordisanabsolutelynecessarypartofspeech.Withoutitandsimilarwords,itwouldbeimpossibletoshowthatwehaven’theardorunderstoodwhathadbeensaidandthiswould1cadtoconstantmisunderstandings.
Butwhileotherwordsusedinthesamecontext,suchas‘‘story'
’or‘‘what”,varywidelyacrosslanguages,“huh?
”remainsunchanged.
TheDutchresearcherscarefullystudiedtenlanguagesfromaroundtheworld,includingSiwu,whichisspokeninGhana,andanAustralianAboriginallanguage,aswellasItalian,Spanish,DutchandMandarinChinese.
Theyanalysedtapesofrecordedconversationsforwordsthatsoundedlike‘‘huh?
”andwereusedtorequestthatwhateverhadJustbeensaidberepeated.Allcontainedaversionof“huh?
”.Thewordwasalsofoundinanother21languages.Whilethereweresubtledifferencesineachcountry,a11soundedbasicallythesame.
Thisissurprisingbecausenormallyunrelatedlanguageswilluseverydifferentwordstodescribethesamething.Forinstance,theJapanesefor“dog’’is‘‘inu”,whiletheFrenchis‘‘chien”.Itisthoughtthatlanguagesaroundtheworldhavedevelopedtheirownversionof“huh?
’’becausethesoundisquickandsimpletoform,aswellasbeingeasilyundertood.
Theresearchers,saidthatitmightseemunimportanttocarryoutscientificresearchintoawordlike“huh?
'
’butinfactthislittlewordisanessentialtoolinhumancommunication.Theyalsohaveana
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