英语语言学练习题1Word格式文档下载.docx

英语语言学练习题1Word格式文档下载.docx

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英语语言学练习题1@#@英语语言学练习题1@#@　　　　　　英语语言学练习题　　Chapter1Introduction　　Ⅰ.DecidewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsisTrueorFalse:

@#@1.Linguisticsisgenerallydefinedasthescientificstudyoflanguage.2.Linguisticsstudiesparticularlanguage,notlanguagesingeneral.3.Ascientificstudyoflanguageisbasedonwhatthelinguistthinks.　　4.Inthestudyoflinguistics,hypothesesformedshouldbebasedonlanguagefactsandcheckedagainsttheobservedfacts.5.Generallinguisticsisgenerallythestudyoflanguageasawhole.　　6.Generallinguistics,whichrelatesitselftotheresearchofotherareas,studiesthebasicconcepts,theories,descriptions,modelsandmethodsapplicableinanylinguisticstudy.　　7.Phoneticsisdifferentfromphonologyinthatthelatterstudiesthecombinationsofthesoundstoconveymeaningincommunication.　　8.Morphologystudieshowwordscanbeformedtoproducemeaningfulsentences.　　9.Thestudyofthewaysinwhichmorphemescanbecombinedtoformwordsiscalledmorphology.　　10.Syntaxisdifferentfrommorphologyinthattheformernotonlystudiesthemorphemes,butalsothecombinationofmorphemesintowordsandwordsintosentences.　　11.Thestudyofmeaninginlanguageisknownassemantics.12.Bothsemanticsandpragmaticsstudymeanings.　　13.Pragmaticsisdifferentfromsemanticsinthatpragmaticsstudiesmeaningnotinisolation,butincontext.14.Socialchangescanoftenbringaboutlanguagechanges.15.Sociolinguisticsisthestudyoflanguageinrelationtosociety.16.Modernlinguisticsismostlyprescriptive,butsometimesdescriptive.17.Modernlinguisticsisdifferentfromtraditionalgrammar.　　18.Adiachronicstudyoflanguageisthedescriptionoflanguageatsomepointintime.19.Modernlinguisticsregardsthewrittenlanguageasprimary,notthewrittenlanguage.20.ThedistinctionbetweencompetenceandperformancewasproposedbyF.deSaussure.Ⅱ.Fillineachofthefollowingblankswithonewordwhichbeginswiththelettergiven:

@#@　　21.Chomskydefines“competence”astheidealuser’sk__________oftherulesofhislanguage.　　22.Languereferstothea__________linguisticsystemsharedbyallthemembersofaspeechcommunitywhiletheparoleistheconcreteuseoftheconventionsandapplicationoftherules.　　23.D_________isoneofthedesignfeaturesofhumanlanguagewhichreferstothephenomenonthatlanguageconsistsoftwolevels:

@#@alowerlevelofmeaninglessindividualsoundsandahigherlevelofmeaningfulunits.24.Languageisasystemofa_________vocalsymbolsusedforhumancommunication.　　25.Thedisciplinethatstudiestherulesgoverningtheformationofwordsintopermissiblesentencesinlanguagesiscalleds________.　　26.Humancapacityforlanguagehasag_______basis,butthedetailsoflanguagehavetobetaughtandlearned.27.P_______referstotherealizationoflangueinactualuse.　　28.Findingsinlinguisticstudiescanoftenbeappliedtothesettlementofsomepracticalproblems.Thestudyofsuchapplicationsisgenerallyknownasa________linguistics.　　29.Languageisp___________inthatitmakespossibletheconstructionandinterpretationofnewsignalsbyitsusers.Inotherwords,theycanproduceandunderstandaninfinitelylargenumberofsentenceswhichtheyhaveneverheardbefore.30.Linguisticsisgenerallydefinedasthes_______studyoflanguage.　　Ⅲ.Therearefourchoicesfollowingeachstatement.Markthechoicethatcanbestcompletethestatement:

@#@31.Ifalinguisticstudydescribesandanalyzesthelanguagepeopleactuallyuse,itissaidtobe_______.A.prescriptiveB.analyticC.descriptiveD.linguistic32.Whichofthefollowingisnotadesignfeatureofhumanlanguage?

@#@　　A.ArbitrarinessB.DisplacementC.DualityD.Meaningfulness　　33.Modernlinguisticsregardsthewrittenlanguageas_______.A.primary　　B.correct　　C.secondaryD.stable　　34.Inmodernlinguistics,speechisregardedasmorebasicthanwriting,because_______.A.inlinguisticevolution,speechispriortowriting　　B.speechplaysagreaterrolethanwritingintermsoftheamountofinformationconveyedC.speechisalwaysthewayinwhicheverynativespeakeracquireshismothertongueD.Alloftheabove　　35.Ahistoricalstudyoflanguageisa_______studyoflanguage.　　A.synchronicB.diachronicC.prescriptiveD.comparative　　36.Saussuretooka（n）_______viewoflanguage,whileChomskylooksatlanguagefroma________pointofview.A.sociological…psychological　　B.psychological…sociologicalC.applied…pragmatic　　…linguistic　　37.AccordingtoF.deSaussure,_______referstotheabstractlinguisticsystemsharedbyallthemem-bersofaspeechcommunity.A.paroleB.performance　　C.langueD.Language　　38.Languageissaidtobearbitrarybecausethereisnologicalconnectionbetween_______andmeanings.A.senseB.sounds　　C.objectsD