John A Macdonald on the Federal System麦克唐纳谈联邦文档格式.docx
- 文档编号:15747802
- 上传时间:2022-11-15
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:4
- 大小:20.22KB
John A Macdonald on the Federal System麦克唐纳谈联邦文档格式.docx
《John A Macdonald on the Federal System麦克唐纳谈联邦文档格式.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《John A Macdonald on the Federal System麦克唐纳谈联邦文档格式.docx(4页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
JohnAMacdonaldontheFederalSystem麦克唐纳谈联邦@#@DocumentsJohn @#@A. @#@MacdonaldontheFederalSystemTheseportionsofMacdonald'@#@sspeechduringtheConfederationdebatesareexceptionallyimportantinthattheygiveustheclearestpictureofthemotivesunderlyingourfederalsystemasoutlinedintheBritishNorthAmericaAct....Now,asregardsthecomparativeadvantagesofaLegislativeandaFederalUnion,Ihaveneverhesitatedtostatemyownopinions.IhaveagainandagainstatedintheHouse,that,ifpracticable,IthoughtaLegislativeUnionwouldbepreferable.(Hear,hear.)Ihavealwayscontendedthatifwecouldagreetohaveonegovernmentandoneparliament,legislatingforthewholeofthesepeoples,itwouldbethebest,thecheapest,themostvigorous,andthestrongestsystemofgovernmentwecouldadopt.(Hear,hear.)But,onlookingatthesubjectintheConference,anddiscussingthematteraswedid,mostunreservedly,andwithadesiretoarriveatasatisfactoryconclusion,wefoundthatsuchasystemwasimpracticable.Inthefirstplace,itwouldnotmeettheassentofthepeopleofLowerCanada,becausetheyfeltthatintheirpeculiarposition--beinginaminority,withadifferentlanguage,nationalityandreligionfromthemajority,--incaseofajunctionwiththeotherprovinces,theirinstitutionsandtheirlawsmightbeassailed,andtheirancestralassociations,onwhichtheypridedthemselves,attackedandprejudiced;@#@itwasfoundthatanypropositionwhichinvolvedtheabsorptionoftheindividualityofLowerCanada--ifImayusetheexpression--wouldnotbereceivedwithfavourbyherpeople.Wefoundtoo,thatthoughtheirpeoplespeakthesamelanguageandenjoythesamesystemoflawasthepeopleofUpperCanada,asystemfoundedonthecommonlawofEngland,therewasasgreatadisinclinationonthepartofthevariousMaritimeProvincestolosetheirindividuality,asseparatepoliticalorganizations,asweobservedinthecaseofLowerCanadaherself.(Hear,hear).Therefore,wewereforcedtotheconclusionthatwemusteitherabandontheideaofUnionaltogether,ordeviseasystemofunioninwhichtheseparateprovincialorganizationswouldbeinsomedegreepreserved.......TheConferencehavingcometotheconclusionthatalegislativeunion,pureandsimple,wasimpracticable,ournextattemptwastoformagovernmentuponfederalprinciples,whichwouldgivetotheGeneralGovernmentthestrengthofalegislativeandadministrativeunion,whileatthesametimeitpreservedthatlibertyofactionforthedifferentsectionswhichisallowedbyaFederalUnion.AndIamstronginthebelief--thatwehavehituponthehappymediuminthoseresolutions,andthatwehaveformedaschemeofgovernmentwhichunitestheadvantagesofboth,givingusthestrengthofalegislativeunionandthesectionalfreedomofafederalunion,withprotectiontolocalinterests.IndoingsowehadtheadvantageoftheexperienceoftheUnitedStates....Wecannowtakeadvantageoftheexperienceofthelastseventy-eightyears,duringwhichthatConstitutionhasexisted,andIamstronglyofthebeliefthatwehave,inagreatmeasure,avoidedinthissystemwhichweproposefortheadoptionofthepeopleofCanada,thedefectswhichtimeandeventshaveshowntoexistintheAmericanConstitution....Eversincetheunionwasformedthedifficultyofwhatiscalled"@#@StateRights"@#@hasexisted,andthishadmuchtodoinbringingonthepresentunhappywarintheUnitedStates.Theycommenced,infact,atthewrongend.TheydeclaredbytheirConstitutionthateachstatewasasovereigntyinitself,andthatallthepowersincidenttoasovereigntybelongedtoeachstate,exceptthosepowerswhich,bytheConstitution,wereconferredupontheGeneralGovernmentandCongress.Herewehaveadoptedadifferentsystem.WehavestrengthenedtheGeneralGovernment.WehavegiventheGeneralLegislatureallthegreatsubjectsoflegislation.Wehaveconferredonthem,notonlyspecificallyandindetail,allthepowerswhichareincidenttosovereignty,butwehaveexpresslydeclaredthatallsubjectsofgeneralinterestnotdistinctlyandexclusivelyconferreduponthelocalgovernmentsandlocallegislatures,shallbeconferredupontheGeneralGovernmentandLegislature.--WehavethusavoidedthatgreatsourceofweaknesswhichhasbeenthecauseofthedisruptionoftheUnitedStates.Wehaveavoidedallconflictofjurisdictionandauthority,andifthisConstitutioniscarriedout,...wewillhaveinfact,asIsaidbefore,alltheadvantagesofalegislativeunionunderoneadministration,with,atthesametime,theguaranteesforlocalinstitutionsandforlocallaws,whichareinsisteduponbysomanyintheprovincesnow,Ihope,tobeunited.......anyhonourablememberonexaminingthelistofdifferentsubjectswhicharetobeassignedtotheGeneralandLocalLegisl
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- John Macdonald on the Federal System麦克唐纳谈联邦 System 麦克 唐纳谈 联邦
链接地址:https://www.bdocx.com/doc/15747802.html