高考英语江苏专用考前三个月文档专题三 阅读理解 第三步 题型突破八 Word版含答案Word文件下载.docx
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高考英语江苏专用考前三个月文档专题三 阅读理解 第三步 题型突破八 Word版含答案Word文件下载.docx
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A.paymoreattentiontohisstudy
B.keepsilentintheroom
C.finishhishomeworkontime
D.getrightanswers
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。
根据第二段中的“Ikeptaskinghimtositdown,tellinghimthatheshouldconcentratebetter.”可知,作者让他儿子坐下来是想让他更专心地学习。
故选A。
2.Inspiredbythecaseofhisson,theauthorbegantodoubt.
A.theimportanceofparents
B.theoldformofeducation
C.therelationshipbetweenkidsandtheirparents
D.thegoodgradesofsomekids
答案 B
根据第三段尤其是第一句“ThismademestartquestioningmyselfandwhatIhadbeenraisedtobelieve.”可知,作者开始怀疑传统的教育方式是否正确。
故选B。
3.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisRIGHT?
A.Weshouldhelpkidscorrecttheirwrongways.
B.Parentsshouldstudytheirkids’DNA.
C.Kidsshouldbetaughttobehavethemselves.
D.Parentsshouldloveandaccepttheirkids.
答案 D
根据第四段中的“...andallyoucandoislovingandacceptingthem.”可知,父母应该关爱并接受他们的孩子。
故选D。
4.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?
A.StudyHardandYou’llBeSuccessful
B.BeFriendlytoYourChildren
C.Children’sSuccessinTheirOwnStyle
D.Parents’HelpwithTheirChildren’sStudy
答案 C
解析 标题归纳题。
文章第一段开门见山地提出了本文的主题,如果孩子得到了认同,就能学会自爱并用自己的方式取得成功,所以C项最能概括文章大意。
B
(2016·
盐城三模)
For150millionyearsduringtheageofthedinosaurs,agroupofdolphin-likereptilescalledichthyosaursruledtheocean—untileverythingstartedtogowrong.
Aftermultiplyingintoabout100knownspecies,ichthyosaursbegantodisappearfromtheoceansaroundthemiddleoftheCretaceousperiod,atimeofturbulentchangesintheenvironment.Theaquaticreptileswentextinct28millionyearsbeforetherestoftheirdinosaurcohort.
Scientistshavebeenunabletofindasingularcataclysmicevent,suchasavolcaniceruptionormeteoritestrike,whichcouldexplainichthyosaurs’abruptdisappearancefromthefossilrecord.
Nowresearchershavenewexplanationforthelizardfish’sdemise:
Theyhadlosttheirabilitytoadapttoaswiftlychangingclimate.
TheaquaticlizardsthrivedthroughouttheearlyyearsofthedinosaursinthePermian,TriassicandJurassicperiods.ThencametheCretaceousperiod.
Thatwasaturbulent(动荡不安的)timetoliveonEarth.Thepoleswerenearlyice-free,causingsealevelstoreachgreatheights.Temperatureswereamongthehottesttheplanethasseeninthelast250millionyears.
Scientistshaveblamedthedemiseoftheichthyosaursontheirinabilitytokeepupwithotherpredatorsorthelossofkeypreyspecies.ButanewstudybyValentinFischer,apaleontologistwhostudiesichthyosaursattheUniversityofLiegeinBelgium,andhiscolleaguessaysneitheroftheseexplanationscouldaccountforthescaleandspeedofthedieoff.
WritinginthejournalNatureCommunications,Fischerandhiscolleaguesarguethattheunstableclimatecontributedtothedisappearanceofichthyosaursduringa5-millionto6-million-yearwindowintheCretaceousknownastheCenomanianstage.
“Whiletherisingtemperaturesandthehigherseadidn’thadadirecteffectontheichthyosaurs,theycouldhaveplayedanindirectroleintheirdecline,”Fischersaid.“Thechangingclimatecouldhavemadetheirfoodmorescarce,ordisruptedmigratoryroutesandbirthingplaces,amongotherconsequences.”
Despitetheirvarietyofbodyshapesandsurvivalstrategies,ichthyosaurswereunabletokeepupwithallofthesechanges,thestudyauthorswrote.
TheyreachedthisconclusionbycomparingthegeologicalrecordoftheCretaceoustoanewlyreconstructedhistoryofichthyosaurevolutionbasedonmuseumspecimensandareviewofinformationinpreviouslypublishedstudies.
Whatbecameclearwasthattheichthyosaursextinctioncoincidedwithglobalclimateshiftsandtheanimals’slowerrateofevolution,whichleftthemunabletoadaptastheirenvironmentchanged,thestudyfound.
“Theywereprobablyverywelladaptedtotheirniches,andtheirenvironmentswereprobablyprettystable,”Fischersaid.“Thatcouldhaveloweredthepressureofnaturalselectionandthusloweredtheirratesofevolution.”
ThinkoftheCenomanianstageasatransitionperiod.
语篇解读 本文是说明文,题材是科普知识类。
本文介绍了鱼龙ichthyosaur灭绝的原因。
5.Theunderlinedword“That”inParagraph6referstotheperiodof.
A.PermianB.Triassic
C.JurassicD.Cretaceous
解析 代词指代题。
根据第五段最后一句“ThencametheCretaceousperiod.”可知,鱼龙一直活到了白垩纪时代。
第六段紧接着说,这是地球上生存的动荡时期。
可见that指白垩纪时代。
故选D项。
6.Fischerandhiscolleaguescametotheirconclusionby.
A.makingcomparisons
B.conductingexperiments
C.analyzingsamples
D.observingweatherchanges
根据倒数第四段“TheyreachedthisconclusionbycomparingthegeologicalrecordoftheCretaceoustoanewlyreconstructedhistoryofichthyosaurevolution...”可知,Fischer和他的同事们是通过比较得出结论的。
故选A项。
7.Whichofthefollowingsentencescanbeusedtoconcludethelastbutoneparagraph?
A.Nopains,nogains.
B.Nomaniswiseatalltimes.
C.Abadbeginningmakesabadending.
D.Surviveindisasters,perishincomfort.
解析 段落大意题。
根据倒数第二段内容可知,Fischer认为,鱼龙很可能十分适应它们的生态区位,它们的环境也很可能是稳定的,那样的话可能降低了自然选择的压力,因而降低了它们的进化速度。
“Surviveindisasters,perishincomfort.”(生于忧患死于安乐),符合本段内容。
8.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?
A.ANewResearchFocusedontheHistoryofIchthyosaurEvolution
B.ASwiftClimateChangeFollowedtheDisappearanceofIchthyosaurs
C.ClimateChangeTaughtAncientIchthyosaursaLesson:
AdaptorDie
D.IchthyosaursRuledtheOceanfor150MillionYearsBeforeDisappearing
纵览全文可知,文章的主题是,新的研究发现鱼龙灭绝的原因是它们失去了适应气候变化的能力。
因此,题目为“气候变化给古代鱼龙一个教训:
适应或灭亡”,符合文章内容。
故选C项。
C
苏锡常镇四市一模)
Aperson’schancesoffallingillfromanewstrain(菌株)offluareatleastpartlydeterminedbythefirststraintheyevermetwith,astudysuggests.
ResearchinScienceJournallookedatthe18strainsofinfluenzaA(甲型流感)andthehemagglutininprotein(红血球凝集素蛋白)onitssurface.Theysaythereareonlytwotypesofthisproteinandpeopleareprotectedfromtheonetheirbodymeetsfirst,butatriskfromtheotherone.
AUKexpertsaidthatcouldexplaindifferentpatternsinflupandemics(流行病).
Theresearchers,fromtheUniversityofArizonainTucsonandtheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles,suggesttheirfindingscouldexplainwhysomefluoutbreakscausemoredeathsandseriousillnessesinyoungerpeople.Thefirsttimeaperson’simmunesystemmeetsafluvirus,itmakesantibodiestargetingthehemagglutininproteinthatsticksoutofthesurfaceofthevirus—likealollipop(棒棒糖).
Eventhoughthereare18typesofinfluenzaA,thereareonlytwoversionsofhemagglutinin.Theresearchers,ledbyDrMichaelWorobey,classedthemas“blue”and“orange”lollipops.Theysaidpeoplebornbeforethelate1960swereexposedto“bluelollipop”fluviruses—H1orH2—aschildren.Inlaterlifetheyrarelyfellillfromanother“bluelollipop”flu—H5N1birdflu,buttheydiedfrom“orange”H7N9.Thoseborninthelate1960sandexposedto“orangelollipop”flu—H3—havetheoppositepattern.
HisteamlookedatcasesofH5N1andH7N9—twokindsofbirdfluwhichhaveaffectedhundredsofpeople,buthavenotdevelopedintopandemics.Theresearchersfounda75%protectionrateagainstseverediseaseand80%protectionrateagainstdeathifpatientshadbeenexposedtoaviruswiththesameproteinversionwhentheywerechildren.
DrWorobeysaidthefindingcouldexplaintheunusualeffectofthe1918“Spanishflu”pandemic,whichwasmoredeadlyamongyoungadults.“ThoseyoungadultswerekilledbyanH1virusandfrombloodanalysedmanydecadeslaterthereisaprettystrongindicationthatthoseindividualshadbeenexposedtoamismatchedH3aschildrenandwerethereforenotprotectedagainstH1.ThefactthatweareseeingexactlythesamepatternwithcurrentH5N1andH7N9casessuggeststhatthesamefundamentalprocessesmaygovernboththehistoric1918pandemicandtoday’scontenders(斗争者)forthenextbigflupandemic.”
JonathanBall,professoroftheUniversityofNottingham,said,“Thisisareallyneatpieceofworkandprovidesareasonwhyhumanpopulationshavebeensensitivetodifferentstrainsofbirdinfluenzaoverthepast100yearsorso.Thefindingsarebasedonanalysisofpatientrecordsandtheycertainlyneedfurtherproofinthelaboratory,butnonethelesstheresultsareprettyamazingandinspiring.”
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。
研究发现,一个人遭遇的第一种流感菌株会对其感染了新的流感菌株后的发病率甚至死亡率产生影响。
9.Thefindings,ifproved,willhelppeople.
A.protectthemselvesfromfluattacks
B.analyzemoreclearlytherecordsofapatientinfectedwithbirdflu
C.findoutwhoareeasiertogetinfectedwithbirdfluthanothers
D.findnewdrugstocurepatientsoffluinfections
根据第四段中的“...theirfindingscouldexplainwhysomefluoutbreakscausemoredeathsandseriousillnessesinyoungerpeople.”,第六段中的“Theresearchersfound...ifpatientshadbeenexposedtoaviruswiththesameproteinversionwhentheywerechildren.”和第七段中的“...thefindingcouldexplaintheunusualeffect...thereforenotprotectedagainstH1.”可知,如果被证实了的话,这些研究结果将帮助人们弄清楚哪些人比其他人更容易感染禽流感。
10.Theresearchersuse“bluelollipop”and“orangelollipop”fortwoversionsofhemagglutinininordertoproduce.
A.agoodvisualeffect
B.agoodlogiceffect
C.aneffectofbeingabstract
D.aneffectofbeingclear
解析 推理判断题。
根据第五段的内容可知,研究人员将血凝素的两种变体归类为“蓝色”棒棒糖和“橙色”棒棒糖,是为了清楚地指出生于不同年代的人会受到哪种流感病毒的影响,会对哪种流感病毒有抗体,故选D。
11.WhilewhatDrWorobeysaidisfocusedonthefacts,JonathanBall’sremarksontheresearcharefocusedon.
A.thepopularityoftheresearch
B.challengesandcurrentsituatio
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